National Identification Systems
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National Identification Systems
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Author : Carl Watner
language : en
Publisher: McFarland
Release Date : 2004-01-07
National Identification Systems written by Carl Watner and has been published by McFarland this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-01-07 with Political Science categories.
Throughout history, governments have sought more efficient ways to count, tax, allocate, monitor and order the activities of their citizens. Watner and McElroy have compiled a collection of essays that present the historical, religious, moral and practical arguments against government enumeration. The articles look at several government naming practices and the census and discuss how the collection of seemingly innocent data could be used to commit abuses. Section one recounts the history of what we now call national ID. Section two covers contemporary technologies, such as microchips, email tracking and camera-based surveillance systems, applying to each the test, "How would this catch terrorists or other criminals without destroying the rights of peaceable people?" Section three imagines a future of rebellion against a government tracking its citizens in the name of security, but offers some hope that American culture does not lend itself to the fanatical control that a high-tech national ID system could make possible.
Playing The Identity Card
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Author : Colin J Bennett
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-01-11
Playing The Identity Card written by Colin J Bennett and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-11 with Political Science categories.
National identity cards are in the news. While paper ID documents have been used in some countries for a long time, today's rapid growth features high-tech IDs with built-in biometrics and RFID chips. Both long-term trends towards e-Government and the more recent responses to 9/11 have prompted the quest for more stable identity systems. Commercial pressures mix with security rationales to catalyze ID development, aimed at accuracy, efficiency and speed. New ID systems also depend on computerized national registries. Many questions are raised about new IDs but they are often limited by focusing on the cards themselves or on "privacy." Playing the Identity Card shows not only the benefits of how the state can "see" citizens better using these instruments but also the challenges this raises for civil liberties and human rights. ID cards are part of a broader trend towards intensified surveillance and as such are understood very differently according to the history and cultures of the countries concerned.
National Animal Identification Systems
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Agriculture
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
National Animal Identification Systems written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Agriculture and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Federal Identification Systems
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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Courts
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Federal Identification Systems written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Courts and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Fraud categories.
Identification Revolution
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Author : Alan H. Gelb
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Identification Revolution written by Alan H. Gelb and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Business & Economics categories.
How big is the Global Identification Gap? : can we measure it? -- Identification as an enabler of sustainable development -- Identification systems : innovations in technology and ID provision -- Confronting the risks -- Frontier cases in digital identification -- Towards the future
Identification Revolution
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Author : Alan Gelb
language : en
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Release Date : 2018-01-16
Identification Revolution written by Alan Gelb and has been published by Brookings Institution Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-16 with Business & Economics categories.
Some 600 million children worldwide do not legally exist. Without verifiable identification, they—and unregistered adults—could face serious difficulties in proving their identity, whether to open a bank account, purchase a SIM card, or cast a vote. Lack of identification is a barrier to full economic and social inclusion. Recent advances in the reach and technological sophistication of identification systems have been nothing less than revolutionary. Since 2000, over 60 developing countries have established national ID programs. Digital technology, particularly biometrics such as fingerprints and iris scans, has dramatically expanded the capabilities of these programs. Individuals can now be uniquely identified and reliably authenticated against their claimed identities. By enabling governments to work more effectively and transparently, identification is becoming a tool for accelerating development progress. Not only is provision of legal identity for all a target under the Sustainable Development Goals, but this book shows how it is also central to achieving numerous other SDG targets. Yet, challenges remain. Identification systems can fail to include the poor, leaving them still unable to exercise their rights, access essential services, or fully participate in political and economic life. The possible erosion of privacy and the misuse of personal data, especially in countries that lack data privacy laws or the capacity to enforce them, is another challenge. Yet another is ensuring that investments in identification systems deliver a development payoff. There are all too many examples where large expenditures—sometimes supported by donor governments or agencies—appear to have had little impact. Identification Revolution: Can Digital ID be Harnessed for Development? offers a balanced perspective on this new area, covering both the benefits and the risks of the identification revolution, as well as pinpointing opportunities to mitigate those risks.
Technocrime
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Author : Stéphane Leman-Langlois
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-05-13
Technocrime written by Stéphane Leman-Langlois and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-13 with Social Science categories.
This book is concerned with the concept of 'technocrime'. The term encompasses crimes committed on or with computers - the standard definition of cybercrime - but it goes well beyond this to convey the idea that technology enables an entirely new way of committing, combating and thinking about criminality, criminals, police, courts, victims and citizens. Technology offers, for example, not only new ways of combating crime, but also new ways to look for, unveil, and label crimes, and new ways to know, watch, prosecute and punish criminals. Technocrime differs from books concerned more narrowly with cybercrime in taking an approach and understanding of the scope of technology's impact on crime and crime control. It uncovers mechanisms by which behaviours become crimes or cease to be called crimes. It identifies a number of corporate, government and individual actors who are instrumental in this construction. And it looks at the beneficiaries of increased surveillance, control and protection as well as the targets of it. Chapters in the book cover specific technologies (e.g. the use of CCTV in various settings; computers, hackers and security experts; photo radar) but have a wider objective to provide a comparative perspective and some broader theoretical foundations for thinking about crime and technology than have existed hitherto. This is a pioneering book which advances our understanding of the relationship between crime and technology, drawing upon the disciplines of criminology, political science, sociology, psychology, anthropology, surveillance studies and cultural studies.
Citizenship As Foundation Of Rights
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Author : Richard Sobel
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2016-10-26
Citizenship As Foundation Of Rights written by Richard Sobel and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-26 with Law categories.
Citizenship as Foundation of Rights explains what it means to have citizen rights and how national identification requirements undermine them.
Cato Handbook For Policymakers
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Author : David Boaz
language : en
Publisher: Cato Institute
Release Date : 2009-02-19
Cato Handbook For Policymakers written by David Boaz and has been published by Cato Institute this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-19 with Political Science categories.
Now in its seventh edition, the Cato Handbook for Policymakers sets the standard in Washington for reducing the power of the federal government and expanding freedom. The 63 chapters—each beginning with a list of major policy recommendations—offer issue-by-issue blueprints for promoting individual liberty, free markets, and peace. Providing both in-depth analysis and concrete recommendations, Cato's Handbook is an invaluable resource for policymakers and anyone else interested in securing liberty and limiting government.
Striving For Better Jobs
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Author : Roberta Gatti
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2014-09-12
Striving For Better Jobs written by Roberta Gatti and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-12 with Business & Economics categories.
While economic growth has been sustained for a number of years in many countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, this has not resulted in the creation of an adequate number of jobs and has succeeded, at best, in generating low-quality, informal jobs. While there is a great deal of heterogeneity across countries, informality in MENA is widespread, and some countries in the region are amongst the most informal economies in the world. The book looks at informality through a human development angle and focuses specifically on informal employment. In line with this approach, the working definition for informality adopted in the book is “lack of social security coverage” (usually understood as pensions, or if a pension system does not exist, as health insurance), which captures well the vulnerability associated with informal employment. Informal workers in MENA are generally engaged in low productivity jobs - more so than in comparator countries -, are paid less for otherwise similar work in the formal sector, and self-report low levels of satisfaction at work. Also, informal workers in MENA face important mobility barriers into formal employment and thus lack of social security coverage against health, unemployment, and old-age risks. Formal employment in the MENA region is strongly associated with public sector employment. Opportunities for formal employment in the private sector in the region remain very limited. The book identifies 5 strategic directions to promote long-term inclusive growth and formality, namely: (i) fostering competition; (ii) realigning incentives in the public sector; (iii) moving towards labor regulations that promote labor mobility and provide support to workers in periods of transition; (iv) enhancing the productivity of informal workers through training and skills upgrading; and (v) reforming existing social insurance systems and introduce new instruments for coverage extension. This book is addressed to policy makers, academics, and practitioners who wish to understand the phenomenon of informal employment, and policy options for promoting more inclusive and productive labor market opportunities.