Necessary Conditions
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Necessary Conditions
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Author : Gary Goertz
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2002
Necessary Conditions written by Gary Goertz and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Philosophy categories.
This anthology is devoted to the implications of necessary conditions for social science research, logic, methodology, research design, and theory. Rarely is the contrast between the prevalence of a concept in scholarship and its absence in methodology texts so wide. This book presents hundreds of necessary condition hypotheses representing all areas of political science and all methodologies, and authored by many of the most influential political scientists of the last 50 years. This volume brings together under one cover essential work that deals not only with the analysis of common methodological, logical, and research design errors, but also the proper means to analyse the many ramifications of necessary condition hypotheses and theories.
Necessary Conditions
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Author : Geoff Krall
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-10-10
Necessary Conditions written by Geoff Krall and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-10 with Education categories.
During his years working as an instructional coach for a national network of schools, Geoff Krall had the chance to witness several inspirational moments when math class comes alive for middle or high school students--when it is challenging but also fun, creative, and interactive. In Necessary Conditions: Teaching Secondary Math with Academic Safety, Quality Tasks, and Effective Facilitation, Krall documents the essential ingredients that produce these sorts of moments on a regular basis and for all students. They are Academic Safety, Quality Tasks, and Effective Facilitation. Academic Safety: Krall implements equitable classroom experiences that help fight stigmas associated with race and gender in schools. This allows students to feel socially and emotionally secure while nurturing their identities as mathematicians and increasing engagement during classroom discussions Quality Tasks: Teachers can adapt or create dynamic, student-centered lessons that break down math into small, manageable sections, removing the frustrations felt by students who aren't considered math people Effective Facilitation: This book shows how to incorporate teaching moves and math routines designed for engagement, persistence, and interactivity. Teachers can allow students to explore safely while maintaining consistent classroom expectations My work as a math instructional coach for a network of schools has afforded me the unique opportunity to visit exceptional teachers across the country, documenting their tasks, teaching moves, and academically safe learning environments. You'll experience dispatches from these effective classrooms in which we'll observe how teachers attend to all three elements that make up the ecosystem. -- Geoff Krall from his book, Necessary Conditions
Necessary Conditions Of Learning
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Author : Ference Marton
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-06-20
Necessary Conditions Of Learning written by Ference Marton and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-20 with Education categories.
Necessary Conditions of Learning presents a research approach (phenomenography) and a theory (the variation theory of learning) introduced and developed by Ference Marton and taken up by his wide and varied following around the world—together with their practical applications in educational contexts. Reflecting Marton’s whole lifetime's work, the unique and significant contribution of this book is to offer an evidence-based answer to the questions "How do we make novel meanings our own?" and "How do we learn to see things in more powerful ways?" The presentation makes use of hundreds of empirical studies carried out in Europe and Asia which build on the theory. The line of reasoning and the way in which the examples are put together is consistent with the theory—it is both presented and applied. The main argument is that in order to learn we have to discern, and to discern the intended ideas we must be presented with carefully structured variation, against a background of invariance. We then go through processes of contrast, generalization, and fusion in order to make sense. These insights form a practical framework for those who design teaching and teaching materials. Necessary Conditions of Learning is a major original work for which scholars of pedagogical theory have been waiting a long time.
Necessary Conditions
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Author : Geoff Krall
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Necessary Conditions written by Geoff Krall and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Education categories.
Students do not experience math in a vacuum. The curriculum, the students' social and emotional well-being, and the teacher's expertise as a facilitator must all be attended to, and each interacts with the others. -Geoff Krall Math instruction in high school is often something of a grab bag, with schools jumping from curriculum to curriculum, lacking a guiding vision or continuity between years. No wonder so many students conclude, "I'm not a math person." Geoff Krall thinks that's a problem. And he's devoted his career to fixing it. Necessary Conditions posits for the first time a coherent approach to secondary math pedagogy. Krall identifies three essential elements that will open the door to math for all your students: academic safety, quality tasks, and effective facilitation. Krall takes readers into real middle- and high-school classrooms to see how teachers cultivate these three "necessary conditions." With extensive examples, practical techniques and resources, and insightful analysis, this guide equips teachers to do the following: Design classroom experiences that increase engagement and build all students' identities as mathematicians. Create dynamic, high-quality lessons that include meaningful, efficient assessment. Facilitate routines and discussions that increase all students' access to conceptual mathematics. The biggest drivers of students' math experiences are their teachers. With Krall's guidance, you can help every student come to recognize that they are indeed a "math person."
Necessary Conditions In Dynamic Optimization
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Author : Francis Clarke
language : en
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Release Date : 2005
Necessary Conditions In Dynamic Optimization written by Francis Clarke and has been published by American Mathematical Soc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Mathematics categories.
This monograph derives necessary conditions of optimality for a general control problem formulated in terms of a differential inclusion. These conditions constitute a new state of the art, subsuming, unifying, and substantially extending the results in the literature. The Euler, Weierstrass and transversality conditions are expressed in their sharpest known forms. No assumptions of boundedness or convexity are made, no constraint qualifications imposed, and only weak pseudo-Lipschitz behavior is postulated on the underlying multifunction. The conditions also incorporate a `stratified' feature of a novel nature, in which both the hypotheses and the conclusion are formulated relative to a given radius function. When specialized to the calculus of variations, the results yield necessary conditions and regularity theorems that go significantly beyond the previous standard. They also apply to parametrized control systems, giving rise to new and stronger maximum principles of Pontryagin type. The final chapter is devoted to a different issue, that of the Hamiltonian necessary condition. It is obtained here, for the first time, in the case of nonconvex values and in the absence of any constraint qualification; this has been a longstanding open question in the subject. Apart from the final chapter, the treatment is self-contained, and calls upon only standard results in functional and nonsmooth analysis.
Necessary Conditions Of Learning
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Author : Ference Marton
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-06-20
Necessary Conditions Of Learning written by Ference Marton and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-20 with Education categories.
Necessary Conditions of Learning presents a research approach (phenomenography) and a theory (the variation theory of learning) introduced and developed by Ference Marton and taken up by his wide and varied following around the world—together with their practical applications in educational contexts. Reflecting Marton’s whole lifetime's work, the unique and significant contribution of this book is to offer an evidence-based answer to the questions "How do we make novel meanings our own?" and "How do we learn to see things in more powerful ways?" The presentation makes use of hundreds of empirical studies carried out in Europe and Asia which build on the theory. The line of reasoning and the way in which the examples are put together is consistent with the theory—it is both presented and applied. The main argument is that in order to learn we have to discern, and to discern the intended ideas we must be presented with carefully structured variation, against a background of invariance. We then go through processes of contrast, generalization, and fusion in order to make sense. These insights form a practical framework for those who design teaching and teaching materials. Necessary Conditions of Learning is a major original work for which scholars of pedagogical theory have been waiting a long time.
Necessary Conditions For An Extremum
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Author : Pshenichnyi
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1971-05-01
Necessary Conditions For An Extremum written by Pshenichnyi and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971-05-01 with Mathematics categories.
This book presents a theory of necessary conditions for an extremum, including formal conditions for an extremum and computational methods. It states the general results of the theory and shows how these results can be particularized to specific problems.
Necessary Conditions For An Extremum
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Author : B.N. Pshenichnyi
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2020-08-18
Necessary Conditions For An Extremum written by B.N. Pshenichnyi and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-18 with Mathematics categories.
This book presents a theory of necessary conditions for an extremum, including formal conditions for an extremum and computational methods. It states the general results of the theory and shows how these results can be particularized to specific problems.
Connectedness And Necessary Conditions For An Extremum
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Author : Alexey Abramov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Connectedness And Necessary Conditions For An Extremum written by Alexey Abramov and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Mathematics categories.
The present book is the outcome of efforts to introduce topological connectedness as one of the basic tools for the study of necessary conditions for an extremum. Apparently this monograph is the first book in the theory of maxima and minima where topological connectedness is used so widely for this purpose. Its application permits us to obtain new results in this sphere and to consider the classical results from a nonstandard point of view. Regarding the style of the present book it should be remarked that it is comparatively elementary. The author has made constant efforts to make the book as self-contained as possible. Certainly, familiarity with the basic facts of topology, functional analysis, and the theory of optimization is assumed. The book is written for applied mathematicians and graduate students interested in the theory of optimization and its applications. We present the synthesis of the well known Dybovitskii'-Milyutin ap proach for the study of necessary conditions for an extremum, based on functional analysis, and topological methods. This synthesis allows us to show that in some cases we have the following important result: if the Euler equation has no non trivial solution at a point of an extremum, then some inclusion is valid for the functionals belonging to the dual space. This general result is obtained for an optimization problem considered in a lin ear topological space. We also show an application of our result to some problems of nonlinear programming and optimal control.
Necessary Conditions For An Extremum
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Author : Boris Nikolaevich Pshenichnyi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1971
Necessary Conditions For An Extremum written by Boris Nikolaevich Pshenichnyi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971 with categories.