Neural Basis Of Motion Perception
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Neural Basis Of Motion Perception For Visual Navigation
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Author : Saqib Ishaq Khan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Neural Basis Of Motion Perception For Visual Navigation written by Saqib Ishaq Khan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Neural Basis Of Motion Perception For Visual Navigation
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Neural Basis Of Motion Perception For Visual Navigation written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Dynamics Of Visual Motion Processing
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Author : Guillaume S. Masson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-12-02
Dynamics Of Visual Motion Processing written by Guillaume S. Masson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-02 with Medical categories.
Motion processing is an essential piece of the complex brain machinery that allows us to reconstruct the 3D layout of objects in the environment, to break camouflage, to perform scene segmentation, to estimate the ego movement, and to control our action. Although motion perception and its neural basis have been a topic of intensive research and modeling the last two decades, recent experimental evidences have stressed the dynamical aspects of motion integration and segmentation. This book presents the most recent approaches that have changed our view of biological motion processing. These new experimental evidences call for new models emphasizing the collective dynamics of large population of neurons rather than the properties of separate individual filters. Chapters will stress how the dynamics of motion processing can be used as a general approach to understand the brain dynamics itself.
Neural Basis Of Visual Motion Perception
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Author : Yunmin Wu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Neural Basis Of Visual Motion Perception written by Yunmin Wu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Neural Basis Of Motion Perception
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Author : V. S. Ramachandran
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Neural Basis Of Motion Perception written by V. S. Ramachandran and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Binocular vision categories.
This research is concerned with visual surface representation and the manner in which visual image segmentation influences certain early visual processes such as stereopsis, motion correspondence, structure from motion, shape from shading, and the "aperture problem." A number of new visual effects in the laboratory (e.g. "motion capture", stereoscopic capture, etc.) have given novel insights in to the mechanisms underlying human motion perception and stereopsis.
Neural Basis Of Motion Perception
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Author : V. S. Ramachandran
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Neural Basis Of Motion Perception written by V. S. Ramachandran and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Binocular vision categories.
This research is concerned with visual surface representation and the manner in which visual image segmentation influences certain early visual processes such as stereopsis, motion correspondence, structure from motion, shape from shading, and the "aperture problem." A number of new visual effects in the laboratory (e.g. "motion capture", stereoscopic capture, etc.) have given novel insights in to the mechanisms underlying human motion perception and stereopsis.
Neural Basis Of Object Motion Perception During Self Motion
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Author : Nicole E. Peltier
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Neural Basis Of Object Motion Perception During Self Motion written by Nicole E. Peltier and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Motion perception (Vision) categories.
"The ability to perceive independently moving objects during self-motion is vital for reaching goals and avoiding obstacles. Self-motion generates a structured pattern of retinal motion called optic flow. An independently moving object produces retinal motion that is the vector sum of its world-relative motion and the optic flow created by the observer's self-motion. To interpret the object's world-relative motion, an observer must compensate for their self-motion. The flow-parsing hypothesis posits that the visual system may accomplish this compensation by globally subtracting out the optic flow due to self-motion (Rushton & Warren, 2005; P.A. Warren & Rushton, 2007, 2009a). This subtraction induces a perceptual bias (in retinal coordinates) away from the optic flow vector at the object's location. Despite psychophysical evidence for flow parsing in humans, the neural mechanisms underlying flow parsing remained unknown. This thesis presents the first evidence for a neural correlate to flow parsing in the middle temporal area (MT). First, we tested the flow-parsing hypothesis in an animal model using macaque monkeys. Two monkeys discriminated the direction of a moving object in the presence of optic flow simulating self-motion. Perception of object motion was biased in a manner consistent with flow parsing. Biases generally depended on the direction and magnitude of the optic flow vectors to subtract at the object's location. The addition of vestibular self-motion cues increased flow-parsing biases in a multiplicative manner. This perceptual evidence of flow parsing in monkeys positioned us to investigate its neural mechanisms. Next, we recorded neural activity in area MT while monkeys performed the same flow-parsing discrimination task. The responses of individual MT units to object motion were modulated by optic flow, and this modulation depended on a unit's direction tuning. We used population decoding to demonstrate that MT populations convey information about choice, retinal object motion, and world-relative object motion. Finally, we characterized the effect of optic flow on MT direction tuning curves by modeling each unit's reference frame as a weighted average of retinal and world-centered. The average MT unit modestly shifted its reference frame from retinal toward world-centered. These small shifts suggest that MT plays a role in a more extensive flow-parsing network"--Pages x-xi
Investigation In Neural Computation And Circuitry Of Human Visual Motion Perception
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Author : Javier Omar Garcia
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Investigation In Neural Computation And Circuitry Of Human Visual Motion Perception written by Javier Omar Garcia and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Motion is an important cue in the everyday lives of visual creatures. Motion information facilitates the separation of figure from background, aides in seeing objects that would otherwise be effectively camouflaged and surfaces that would be otherwise imperceptible. The research presented is an investigation of the neural correlates of complex motion stimuli. Experiment 1 is a psychophysical investigation of a complex motion phenomenon, called biological motion. Previous research has shown the resilience of this stimulus under highly degraded conditions, but by creating stimuli that favor the "form system", we measured the reliance of biological motion perception on the "motion system". We challenge form-based biological motion research, and we conclude that motion perception is necessary (but not sufficient) for perceiving biological motion. We conjecture that this insufficiency is due to another mechanism, in addition to those involved in simple motion discriminations. Experiment series 2 is a neuroimaging investigation of biological motion as a function of contrast modulations, which seeks to find the neural correlate of the effect found in Experiment 1. We specifically targeted the human middle temporal complex (hMT+, the motion-sensitive human homologue to monkey MT), a region implicated in motion perception and historically important in neuroscience research. We find the responses in hMT+ to be stimulus-dependent and to be a part of network of brain regions supporting complex motion perception. Experiment series 3 is a neuroimaging investigation of another form of complex motion perception, a phenomenon called motion transparency. When the visual system encounters two overlapping motion vectors, it resolves them by segmenting them into different surfaces (or objects). We attempt to uncover the neural basis of object segmentation defined by motion vectors. We find the hMT to house competing motion vectors with mutual inhibition, including a local competition between motion vectors as well as a global competition between motion-defined surfaces. These results add to the expansive literature on motion processing and depart from a more traditional depiction of the neural underpinnings of motion perception.
Neural Basis Of Depth Perception From Motion Parallax
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Author : HyungGoo R.. Kim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Neural Basis Of Depth Perception From Motion Parallax written by HyungGoo R.. Kim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Depth perception categories.
"When we move through the world, the motion of objects provides a sufficient cue for depth perception. For accurate depth measurements, the brain needs to resolve the depth-sign of objects (that is, whether the object is near or far relative to fixation). This is no easy task as depth-sign can be ambiguous based solely on visual motion. MT neurons are selective for depth-sign from motion parallax by combining retinal inputs and eye movement signals. We addressed three fundamental questions about how the brain uses motion parallax to code depth information. In the first experiment, we asked whether MT neurons are functionally linked to the perception of depth from motion parallax. Responses were recorded while macaque monkeys judged the depth-sign of visual stimuli containing motion parallax cues. We found that trial-by-trial variability of neural responses was correlated with the animal's perceptual decisions in the discrimination task. Greater responses predicted choices toward the depth preference of the recorded neurons. These results provide evidence that MT neurons may be involved in the perception of depth from motion parallax. In the second study, we investigated the nature of response modulation by eye movements. Direction-dependent modulation by eye movements yields the depth-sign selectivity of MT neurons. Responses of near-preferring neurons are suppressed when the eye moves toward the anti-preferred direction of neuron, whereas responses of far-preferring neurons are suppressed during eye movements toward the preferred direction. This response modulation exhibited both multiplicative and additive components, but the depth-sign selectivity of neurons was predicted only by the multiplicative gain change component. Using computer simulations, we show that a population of gain-modulated MT neurons can compute depth from motion parallax. Movement of an observer produces large background motion. In the third study, we hypothesized that neurons can use a visual consequence of self-motion (dynamic perspective cues) to compute depth-sign from motion parallax. We show that MT neurons can disambiguate depth-sign based on large-field background motion, in the absence of eye movements, and that these depth-sign preferences are correlated with those obtained when the animal is physically translated. MT neurons also contribute to depth perception from binocular disparity. It is likely that both eye movements and large field motion modulate MT responses to binocular images in a systematic way to encode the 3D spatial information of objects. These insights provide a deeper understanding of 3D information processing during navigation"--Pages v-vi.
The Spatial Resolutions Of Stereo And Motion Perception And Their Neural Basis
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Author : Fredrik Allenmark
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
The Spatial Resolutions Of Stereo And Motion Perception And Their Neural Basis written by Fredrik Allenmark and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.