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Neutrogeometry Neutroalgebra And Superhyperalgebra In Today S World


Neutrogeometry Neutroalgebra And Superhyperalgebra In Today S World
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Neutrogeometry Neutroalgebra And Superhyperalgebra In Today S World


Neutrogeometry Neutroalgebra And Superhyperalgebra In Today S World
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Author : Smarandache, Florentin
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2023-05-15

Neutrogeometry Neutroalgebra And Superhyperalgebra In Today S World written by Smarandache, Florentin and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-15 with Mathematics categories.


NeutroAlgebra and AntiAlgebra were extended to NeutroGeometry and AntiGeometry in order to catch the Non-Euclidean Geometries. In the real world, the spaces and the elements that populate them and the rules that apply to them are not perfect, uniform, homogeneous, or complete. They are fragmentary and disparate, with unclear and conflicting information, and they do not apply in the same degree to each element. Therefore, these partial, hybrid, and mixed structures are necessary. NeutroGeometry, NeutroAlgebra, and SuperHyperAlgebra in Today's World presents applications of many NeutroStructures in our real world and considers NeutroGeometry and AntiGeometry as new fields of research that resemble everyday life. Covering key topics such as hyperbolic geometry, elliptic geometry, and AntiGeometry, this reference work is ideal for mathematicians, industry professionals, researchers, scholars, academicians, practitioners, instructors, and students.



Theory And Applications Of Neutroalgebras As Generalizations Of Classical Algebras


Theory And Applications Of Neutroalgebras As Generalizations Of Classical Algebras
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Author : Smarandache, Florentin
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2022-04-15

Theory And Applications Of Neutroalgebras As Generalizations Of Classical Algebras written by Smarandache, Florentin and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-15 with Mathematics categories.


Neutrosophy is a new branch of philosophy that studies the origin, nature, and scope of neutralities as well as their interactions with different ideational spectra. In all classical algebraic structures, the law of compositions on a given set are well-defined, but this is a restrictive case because there are situations in science where a law of composition defined on a set may be only partially defined and partially undefined, which we call NeutroDefined, or totally undefined, which we call AntiDefined. Theory and Applications of NeutroAlgebras as Generalizations of Classical Algebra introduces NeutroAlgebra, an emerging field of research. This book provides a comprehensive collection of original work related to NeutroAlgebra and covers topics such as image retrieval, mathematical morphology, and NeutroAlgebraic structure. It is an essential resource for philosophers, mathematicians, researchers, educators and students of higher education, and academicians.



On Neutro Be Algebras And Anti Be Algebras Revisited


On Neutro Be Algebras And Anti Be Algebras Revisited
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Author : Akbar Rezaei
language : en
Publisher: Infinite Study
Release Date : 2020-05-15

On Neutro Be Algebras And Anti Be Algebras Revisited written by Akbar Rezaei and has been published by Infinite Study this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-15 with Antiques & Collectibles categories.


In this paper, the concepts of Neutro-BE-algebra and Anti-BE-algebra are introduced, and some related properties and four theorems are investigated. We show that the classes of Neutro-BE-algebra and Anti-BE-algebras are alternatives of the class of BE-algebras.



Neutrogeometry Antigeometry Are Alternatives And Generalizations Of The Non Euclidean Geometries Revisited


Neutrogeometry Antigeometry Are Alternatives And Generalizations Of The Non Euclidean Geometries Revisited
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Author : Florentin Smarandache
language : en
Publisher: Infinite Study
Release Date : 2021-10-01

Neutrogeometry Antigeometry Are Alternatives And Generalizations Of The Non Euclidean Geometries Revisited written by Florentin Smarandache and has been published by Infinite Study this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-01 with Mathematics categories.


In this paper we extend the NeutroAlgebra & AntiAlgebra to the geometric spaces, by founding the NeutroGeometry & AntiGeometry. While the Non-Euclidean Geometries resulted from the total negation of one specific axiom (Euclid’s Fifth Postulate), the AntiGeometry results from the total negation of any axiom or even of more axioms from any geometric axiomatic system (Euclid’s, Hilbert’s, etc.) and from any type of geometry such as (Euclidean, Projective, Finite, Affine, Differential, Algebraic, Complex, Discrete, Computational, Molecular, Convex, etc.) Geometry, and the NeutroGeometry results from the partial negation of one or more axioms [and no total negation of no axiom] from any geometric axiomatic system and from any type of geometry. Generally, instead of a classical geometric Axiom, one may take any classical geometric Theorem from any axiomatic system and from any type of geometry, and transform it by NeutroSophication or AntiSophication into a NeutroTheorem or AntiTheorem respectively in order to construct a NeutroGeometry or AntiGeometry. Therefore, the NeutroGeometry and AntiGeometry are respectively alternatives and generalizations of the Non-Euclidean Geometries. In the second part, we recall the evolution from Paradoxism to Neutrosophy, then to NeutroAlgebra & AntiAlgebra, afterwards to NeutroGeometry & AntiGeometry, and in general to NeutroStructure & AntiStructure that naturally arise in any field of knowledge. At the end, we present applications of many NeutroStructures in our real world.



Neutroalgebra Is A Generalization Of Partial Algebra


Neutroalgebra Is A Generalization Of Partial Algebra
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Author : Florentin Smarandache
language : en
Publisher: Infinite Study
Release Date : 2020-03-12

Neutroalgebra Is A Generalization Of Partial Algebra written by Florentin Smarandache and has been published by Infinite Study this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-12 with Mathematics categories.


In this paper we recall, improve, and extend several definitions, properties and applications of our previous 2019 research referred to NeutroAlgebras and AntiAlgebras (also called NeutroAlgebraic Structures and respectively AntiAlgebraic Structures). Let be an item (concept, attribute, idea, proposition, theory, etc.). Through the process of neutrosphication, we split the nonempty space we work on into three regions {two opposite ones corresponding to and , and one corresponding to neutral (indeterminate) (also denoted ) between the opposites}, which may or may not be disjoint – depending on the application, but they are exhaustive (their union equals the whole space). A NeutroAlgebra is an algebra which has at least one NeutroOperation or one NeutroAxiom (axiom that is true for some elements, indeterminate for other elements, and false for the other elements). A Partial Algebra is an algebra that has at least one Partial Operation, and all its Axioms are classical (i.e. axioms true for all elements). Through a theorem we prove that NeutroAlgebra is a generalization of Partial Algebra, and we give examples of NeutroAlgebras that are not Partial Algebras. We also introduce the NeutroFunction (and NeutroOperation).



Neutroalgebra Theory Volume I


Neutroalgebra Theory Volume I
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Author : Florentin Smarandache
language : en
Publisher: Infinite Study
Release Date : 2021-06-21

Neutroalgebra Theory Volume I written by Florentin Smarandache and has been published by Infinite Study this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-21 with Architecture categories.


A collection of papers from multiple authors. In 2019 and 2020 Smarandache [1, 2, 3, 4] generalized the classical Algebraic Structures to NeutroAlgebraic Structures (or NeutroAlgebras) {whose operations and axioms are partially true, partially indeterminate, and partially false} as extensions of Partial Algebra, and to AntiAlgebraic Structures (or AntiAlgebras) {whose operations and axioms are totally false}. The NeutroAlgebras & AntiAlgebras are a new field of research, which is inspired from our real world. In classical algebraic structures, all axioms are 100%, and all operations are 100% well-defined, but in real life, in many cases these restrictions are too harsh, since in our world we have things that only partially verify some laws or some operations. Using the process of NeutroSophication of a classical algebraic structure we produce a NeutroAlgebra, while the process of AntiSophication of a classical algebraic structure produces an AntiAlgebra.



Introduction To Neutroalgebraic Structures And Antialgebraic Structures Revisited


Introduction To Neutroalgebraic Structures And Antialgebraic Structures Revisited
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Author : Florentin Smarandache
language : en
Publisher: Infinite Study
Release Date :

Introduction To Neutroalgebraic Structures And Antialgebraic Structures Revisited written by Florentin Smarandache and has been published by Infinite Study this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Mathematics categories.


In all classical algebraic structures, the Laws of Compositions on a given set are well-defined. But this is a restrictive case, because there are many more situations in science and in any domain of knowledge when a law of composition defined on a set may be only partially-defined (or partially true) and partially-undefined (or partially false), that we call NeutroDefined, or totally undefined (totally false) that we call AntiDefined. Again, in all classical algebraic structures, the Axioms (Associativity, Commutativity, etc.) defined on a set are totally true, but it is again a restrictive case, because similarly there are numerous situations in science and in any domain of knowledge when an Axiom defined on a set may be only partially-true (and partially-false), that we call NeutroAxiom, or totally false that we call AntiAxiom. Therefore, we open for the first time in 2019 new fields of research called NeutroStructures and AntiStructures respectively.



Real Examples Of Neutrogeometry Antigeometry


Real Examples Of Neutrogeometry Antigeometry
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Author : Florentin Smarandache
language : en
Publisher: Infinite Study
Release Date : 2023-01-01

Real Examples Of Neutrogeometry Antigeometry written by Florentin Smarandache and has been published by Infinite Study this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-01 with Mathematics categories.


For the classical Geometry, in a geometrical space, all items (concepts, axioms, theorems, etc.) are totally (100%) true. But, in the real world, many items are not totally true. The NeutroGeometry is a geometrical space that has some items that are only partially true (and partially indeterminate, and partially false), and no item that is totally false. The AntiGeometry is a geometrical space that has some item that are totally (100%) false. While the Non-Euclidean Geometries [hyperbolic and elliptic geometries] resulted from the total negation of only one specific axiom (Euclid’s Fifth Postulate), the AntiGeometry results from the total negation of any axiom [and in general: theorem, concept, idea etc.] and even of more axioms [theorem, concept, idea, etc.] and in general from any geometric axiomatic system (Euclid’s five postulates, Hilbert’s 20 axioms, etc.), and the NeutroAxiom results from the partial negation of any axiom (or concept, theorem, idea, etc.). Clearly, the AntiGeometry is a generalization of Non-Euclidean Geometries.



Neutrogeometry And Fractal Geometry


Neutrogeometry And Fractal Geometry
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Author : Erick González-Caballero
language : en
Publisher: Infinite Study
Release Date : 2024-01-01

Neutrogeometry And Fractal Geometry written by Erick González-Caballero and has been published by Infinite Study this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-01 with Mathematics categories.


Geometries are structures with certain elements like points, lines, planes, and spaces, among others, that satisfy certain definitions, axioms, properties, and theorems for the total of the elements. NeutroGeometries are geometric structures that meet at least one of these concepts only partially, never for 100% or 0% of the elements. Until now, NeutroGeometries have been developed from the ideas of classical geometries such as Euclidean, Hyperbolic, Elliptic, Mixed (Smarandache) geometries, among others where axiomatization is the basis of their construction. This paper aims to discuss some ideas about the relationship between NeutroGeometries and fractal geometry. This relation is not necessarily obvious; it is mainly established because fractals are structures used to model deterministic chaotic phenomena. The fractal dimension is a numerical value used to measure the complexity of the figure and the maps that represent chaotic phenomena. The more complex the phenomenon, the more unpre-dictable it becomes and therefore the more uncertain and indeterminate. This indeterminacy is essentially ontological since i t deals mostly with natural phenomena. This relationship is proposed in this article for associating the concepts of NeutroGeometry that present degrees of uncertainty or indeterminacy and fractal geometries that model phenomena where unpredictability exists. This idea is reinforced in some works where a direct relationship between entropy and the fractal dimension is demonstrated.



Algebraic Structures Of Neutrosophic Triplets Neutrosophic Duplets Or Neutrosophic Multisets Volume Ii


Algebraic Structures Of Neutrosophic Triplets Neutrosophic Duplets Or Neutrosophic Multisets Volume Ii
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Author : Florentin Smarandache
language : en
Publisher: Infinite Study
Release Date :

Algebraic Structures Of Neutrosophic Triplets Neutrosophic Duplets Or Neutrosophic Multisets Volume Ii written by Florentin Smarandache and has been published by Infinite Study this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Mathematics categories.


Neutrosophy (1995) is a new branch of philosophy that studies triads of the form (, , ), where is an entity (i.e., element, concept, idea, theory, logical proposition, etc.), is the opposite of , while is the neutral (or indeterminate) between them, i.e., neither nor . Based on neutrosophy, the neutrosophic triplets were founded; they have a similar form: (x, neut(x), anti(x), that satisfy some axioms, for each element x in a given set. This book contains the successful invited submissions to a special issue of Symmetry, reporting on state-of-the-art and recent advancements of neutrosophic triplets, neutrosophic duplets, neutrosophic multisets, and their algebraic structures—that have been defined recently in 2016, but have gained interest from world researchers, and several papers have been published in first rank international journals.