Nitrogen Use Efficiency And Sustainable Nitrogen Management In Crop Plants

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Nitrogen Use Efficiency And Sustainable Nitrogen Management In Crop Plants

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Author : Nandula Raghuram
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-04-26

Nitrogen Use Efficiency And Sustainable Nitrogen Management In Crop Plants written by Nandula Raghuram and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-26 with Science categories.

Nitrogen Management In Crop Production

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Author : Nand Kumar Fageria
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-06-25

Nitrogen Management In Crop Production written by Nand Kumar Fageria and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-25 with Science categories.

One of the main approaches for safeguarding food security, sustainable development has increased demand for knowledge on fertilizer management in crop production. Among essential plant nutrients, nitrogen is one of the most important yield-limiting nutrients, mainly responsible for determining yield and yield components in cereals and legumes. It i

Nutrient Use Efficiency From Basics To Advances

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Author : Amitava Rakshit
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-12-26

Nutrient Use Efficiency From Basics To Advances written by Amitava Rakshit and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-26 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book addresses in detail multifaceted approaches to boosting nutrient use efficiency (NUE) that are modified by plant interactions with environmental variables and combine physiological, microbial, biotechnological and agronomic aspects. Conveying an in-depth understanding of the topic will spark the development of new cultivars and strains to induce NUE, coupled with best management practices that will immensely benefit agricultural systems, safeguarding their soil, water, and air quality. Written by recognized experts in the field, the book is intended to provide students, scientists and policymakers with essential insights into holistic approaches to NUE, as well as an overview of some successful case studies. In the present understanding of agriculture, NUE represents a question of process optimization in response to the increasing fragility of our natural resources base and threats to food grain security across the globe. Further improving nutrient use efficiency is a prerequisite to reducing production costs, expanding crop acreage into non-competitive marginal lands with low nutrient resources, and preventing environmental contamination. The nutrients most commonly limiting plant growth are N, P, K, S and micronutrients like Fe, Zn, B and Mo. NUE depends on the ability to efficiently take up the nutrient from the soil, but also on transport, storage, mobilization, usage within the plant and the environment. A number of approaches can help us to understand NUE as a whole. One involves adopting best crop management practices that take into account root-induced rhizosphere processes, which play a pivotal role in controlling nutrient dynamics in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. New technologies, from basic tools like leaf color charts to sophisticated sensor-based systems and laser land leveling, can reduce the dependency on laboratory assistance and manual labor. Another approach concerns the development of crop plants through genetic manipulations that allow them to take up and assimilate nutrients more efficiently, as well as identifying processes of plant responses to nutrient deficiency stress and exploring natural genetic variation. Though only recently introduced, the ability of microbial inoculants to induce NUE is gaining in importance, as the loss, immobilization, release and availability of nutrients are mediated by soil microbial processes.

Nitrogen Use Efficiency Plant Biology To Crop Improvement

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Author : Nandula Raghuram
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-07-29

Nitrogen Use Efficiency Plant Biology To Crop Improvement written by Nandula Raghuram and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-29 with Science categories.

The predominant role of unused fertilizers in reactive nitrogen pollution and the need for research and policies to improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is now well known globally. NUE research was originally championed by the scientists of the International Nitrogen Initiative (INI) and later recognized by some national governments and UN agencies such as UNEP, FAO and UNECE. The resulting first ever UN resolution on “Sustainable nitrogen management” in 2019 boosted the demand for solutions, especially in agriculture. The Berlin Declaration from the INI 2021 conference called for improvement of nitrogen use efficiency towards achieving sustainable food systems and all the 17 sustainable development goals. Crop NUE is primarily a biological problem, as there exists a genetic limit to agronomic improvement. Overcoming this genetic barrier for crop improvement requires better understanding of the biological mechanisms of N-response and the genetic determinants of NUE. Fortunately, crop genomics in general and the functional genomics of N-response in particular have been providing a wealth of information. The recent developments in phenotyping and genotyping for NUE and the emergence of phenomics, coupled with the growing ability of bioinformatics to integrate diverse datasets offer unprecedented opportunities to solve the NUE puzzle. Some candidate genes for this multi-genic trait have been validated, while some others are being identified, shortlisted or offered for validation.

Global Climate Change And Plant Stress Management

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Author : Mohammad Wahid Ansari
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2023-07-12

Global Climate Change And Plant Stress Management written by Mohammad Wahid Ansari and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-12 with Science categories.

Global Climate Change and Plant Stress Management Understand the impact of climate change on plant growth with this timely introduction Climate change has had unprecedented consequences for plant metabolism and plant growth. In botany, adverse effects of this kind are called plant stress conditions; in recent years, the plant stress conditions generated by climate change have been the subject of considerable study. Plants have exhibited increased photosynthesis, increased water requirements, and more. There is an urgent need to understand and address these changes as we adapt to drastic changes in the global climate. Global Climate Change and Plant Stress Management presents a comprehensive guide to the effects of global climate change on plants and plant metabolism. It introduces and describes each climate change-related condition and its components, offering a detailed analysis of the resulting stress conditions, the environmental factors which ameliorate or exacerbate them, and possible solutions. The result is a thorough, rigorous introduction to this critical subject for the future of our biome. Readers will also find: Analysis of global climate change impact on various agricultural practices Socio-economic consequences of climate change and plant stress conditions, and possible solutions Strategies for sustainable agriculture Global Climate Change and Plant Stress Management is essential for researchers, scientists, and industry professionals working in the life sciences, as well as for advanced graduate students.

Nitrogen In Agriculture

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Author : Takuji Ohyama
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2021-09-29

Nitrogen In Agriculture written by Takuji Ohyama and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Nitrogen is the most important nutrient in agricultural practice because the availability of nitrogen from the soil is generally not enough to support crop yields. To maintain soil fertility, the application of organic matters and crop rotation have been practiced. Farmers can use convenient chemical nitrogen fertilizers to obtain high crop yields. However, the inappropriate use of nitrogen fertilizers causes environmental problems such as nitrate leaching, contamination in groundwater, and the emission of N2O gas. This book is divided into the following four sections: “Ecology and Environmental Aspects of Nitrogen in Agriculture”, “Nitrogen Fertilizers and Nitrogen Management in Agriculture”, “N Utilization and Metabolism in Crops”, “Plant-Microbe Interactions”.

Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Plants

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Author : Vanitha Jain
language : en
Publisher: New India Publishing Agency
Release Date : 2011-01-01

Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Plants written by Vanitha Jain and has been published by New India Publishing Agency this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-01 with Science categories.

Nitrogen fertilizers are necessary to enhance agricultural production and to sustain food security. However, their inefficient use accrues from inherent limitations of the crop plants as well as the manner in which N fertilizers are formulated, applied and managed. The main aim of the book is to assess the various aspects of the fate of fertilizer N in context of the overall N inputs to agricultural systems, with a view to enhance the efficiency of nitrogen use and reduce the negative impacts on environment. The cross cutting issues relate to improvement in nitrogen use by emerging technologies (genetic enhancement, QTL mapping), meeting N needs by understanding its interactions with other nutrients, and mitigation of nitrogen losses caused by environmental factors and management practices. Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Plants develops links between basic and applied research and practical crop production by addressing a wide range of topics relating to nitrogen use efficiency, and to plant and crop responses to applications of nitrogen via fertilizers, including nitrogen acquisition and reduction, molecular approaches, nitrate induction and signaling; and nitrogen use under abiotic stresses. Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Plants is an invaluable classroom aid for academics working in plant physiology, biochemistry, biotechnology, molecular breeding and agronomy, and an essential professional resource for researchers working in plant and crop systems as it provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary description of problems related to the efficient use of nitrogen in agriculture.

Recent Advances On Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Crop Plants And Climatic Challenges

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Author : Hamada AbdElgawad
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-08-25

Recent Advances On Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Crop Plants And Climatic Challenges written by Hamada AbdElgawad and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-25 with Science categories.

Nitrogen (N) is a mineral nutrient that is essential for the normal growth and development of plants that is required in the highest quantity. It is an element of nucleic acids, proteins, and photosynthetic metabolites, therefore crucial for crop growth and metabolic processes. Recently, it was estimated that N fertilizers could meet the 48% demand of the world’s population. However, overuse and misuse of N fertilizers raised environmental concerns associated with N losses by nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, ammonia (NH3) volatilization, and nitrate (NO3−) leaching. For instance, NH3 is a pollutant in the atmosphere, N2O is a greenhouse gas that has a warming potential 298 times higher than CO2 and contributes to ozone depletion, and NO3− causes eutrophication of water bodies. Agricultural practices account for about 90% of NH3 and 70% of N2O anthropogenic emissions worldwide. The efficient use of N chemical fertilizers can be attained through cultural and agronomic practices. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is an important trait that has been studied for decades in different crops. The grain production or economic return from the per unit supply of N fertilizer simply explained the NUE. Several definitions were suggested by different researchers. NUE can be defined as the product of N uptake efficiency (NUpE) and N utilization efficiency (NUtE). An increase in NUE increases the yield, biomass, quality, and quantity of crops. N is generally applied as chemical fertilizer to the soil, whereas a small amount is added to some crops like grain legumes through the fixation process. On the other hand, crop plants take N through the root system in the form of nitrate or ammonium which is thereby used in different metabolic processes. A number of studies have been conducted to increase the NUE in different crops and it has been indicated that NUE can be improved by agronomic, physiological, biochemical, breeding as well as molecular approaches. Nitrogen is the main limiting nutrient after carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen for the photosynthetic process, phyto-hormonal and proteomic changes, and the growth-development of plants to complete their lifecycle. Excessive and inefficient use of N fertilizer results in enhanced crop production costs and atmospheric pollution. Atmospheric nitrogen (71%) in the molecular form is not available for the plants. For the world's sustainable food production and atmospheric benefits, there is an urgent need to upgrade nitrogen use efficiency in the agricultural farming system. Nitrogen losses are too high, due to excess amount, low plant population, poor application methods, etc., which can go up to 70% of total available nitrogen. These losses can be minimized up to 15–30% by adopting improved agronomic approaches such as optimal dosage of nitrogen, application of N by using canopy sensors, maintaining plant population, drip fertigation, and legume-based intercropping. Therefore, the major concern of modern days is to save economic resources without sacrificing farm yield as well as the safety of the global environment, i.e. greenhouse gas emissions, ammonium volatilization, and nitrate leaching.

Nutrient Use Efficiency In Plants

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Author : Malcolm J. Hawkesford
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-11-14

Nutrient Use Efficiency In Plants written by Malcolm J. Hawkesford and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-14 with Science categories.

Nutrient Use Efficiency in Plants: Concepts and Approaches is the ninth volume in the Plant Ecophysiology series. It presents a broad overview of topics related to improvement of nutrient use efficiency of crops. Nutrient use efficiency (NUE) is a measure of how well plants use the available mineral nutrients. It can be defined as yield (biomass) per unit input (fertilizer, nutrient content). NUE is a complex trait: it depends on the ability to take up the nutrients from the soil, but also on transport, storage, mobilization, usage within the plant, and even on the environment. NUE is of particular interest as a major target for crop improvement. Improvement of NUE is an essential pre-requisite for expansion of crop production into marginal lands with low nutrient availability but also a way to reduce use of inorganic fertilizer.

Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Crop Production

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Author : Professor Claudia Wagner-Riddle
language : en
Publisher: Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing
Release Date : 2024-03-12

Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Crop Production written by Professor Claudia Wagner-Riddle and has been published by Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Considers the role of fertiliser use in agriculture as a major contributor to the imbalance of the global nitrogen cycle Reviews the effectiveness of inorganic nitrogen fertilisers and organic sources of nitrogen in optimising nitrogen use efficiency Highlights recent developments in the use of enhanced efficiency nitrogen fertilisers to reduce nitrous oxide emissions