Non Equilibrium Dynamics In Chemical Systems

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Non Equilibrium Dynamics In Chemical Systems

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Author : C. Vidal
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Non Equilibrium Dynamics In Chemical Systems written by C. Vidal and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.

Markedly apart from elementary particle physics, another current has been building up and cont i nuous ly growi ng within contemporary phys i cs for severa 1 decades, and even expanding into many other disciplines, especially chemistry, biology and, quite recently, economics. Several reasons account for this: presumably the most impor tant one lies in the fact that, whatever the specific problem, model or material concerned, the same basic mathematical features are always involved. In this way, a general phenomenology has emerged which, unlike thermodynamics, is no longer depen dent upon the details or specifics: what largely prevails is the nonlinear charac ter of the underlying dynamics. Perhaps we are witnessing the emergence of a "non linear physics"--In a way similar to the birth of "quantum physics" in the twen ties - a physics which deals with the general behaviour of systems, whatever they are or may be. Over the past fifteen years, chemical systems evolving sufficiently far from equilibrium have proved to be particularly well fitted to experimental research on nonlinear behaviour: oscillation, multistability, birhythmicity, chaotic evolution, spatial self-organization and hysteresis are displayed by chemical reactions whose number is growing each year. In this volume are collected the lectures, communica tions and posters (abstracts) presented at an international meeting entitled: "Non-Equilibrium Dynamics in Chemical Systems", held in Bordeaux (France), Septem ber 3 rd-lth, 1984.

Introduction To Non Equilibrium Physical Chemistry

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Author : R. P. Rastogi
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2007-10-16

Introduction To Non Equilibrium Physical Chemistry written by R. P. Rastogi and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-16 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Introduction to Non-equilibrium Physical Chemistry presents a critical and comprehensive account of Non-equilibrium Physical Chemistry from theoretical and experimental angle. It covers a wide spectrum of non-equilibrium phenomena from steady state close to equilibrium to non-linear region involving transition to bistability, temporal oscillations, spatio-temporal oscillations and finally to far from equilibrium phenomena such as complex pattern formation, dynamic instability at interfaces, Chaos and complex growth phenomena (fractals) in Physico-chemical systems. Part I of the book deals with theory and experimental studies concerning transport phenomena in membranes (Thermo-osmosis,Electroosmotic ) and in continuous systems (Thermal diffusion,Soret effect) close to equilibrium Experimental tests provide insight into the domain of validity of Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics ,which is the major theoretical tool for this region. Later developments in Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics and Non-equilibrium Molecular dynamics have been discussed in the Appendix. Part II deals with non-linear steady states and bifurcation to multistability, temporal and spatio- temporal oscillations (Chemical waves). Similarly Part II deals with more complex phenomena such as Chaos and fractal growth occurring in very far from equilibrium region. Newer mathematical techniques for investigating such phenomena along with available experimental studies. Part IV deals with analogous non-equilibrium phenomena occurring in the real systems (Socio-political, Finance and Living systems etc.) for which physico-chemical systems discussed in earlier chapters provide a useful model for development of theories based on non-linear science and science of complexity. - The book provides a critical account of theoretical studies on non-equilibrium phenomenon from region close to equilibrium to far equilibrium - Experimental studies have been reported which provide test of the theories and their limitations - Impacts of the concepts developed in non-equilibrium Physical Chemistry in sociology, economics and other social science and living systems has been discussed

Far From Equilibrium Dynamics Of Chemical Systems

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 1994

Far From Equilibrium Dynamics Of Chemical Systems written by and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Chemical equilibrium categories.

Far From Equilibrium Dynamics Of Chemical Systems Proceedings Of The Second International Symposium

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Author : J Popielawski
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 1991-03-29

Far From Equilibrium Dynamics Of Chemical Systems Proceedings Of The Second International Symposium written by J Popielawski and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-03-29 with categories.

The proceedings discuss the theoretical methods used to describe a chemical system which is far from the equilibrium state, and this is illustrated by selected applications. Special attention is paid to very fast chemical reactions and systems in which external or internal noise is present. In particular, the following topics are covered:-the generalized Boltzmann/ Enskog equation for nonequilibrium systems,-stochastic methods for description of noise in chemical systems,-numerical simulations of systems far from equilibrium.

Non Equilibrium Thermodynamics Of Heterogeneous Systems

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Author : Signe Kjelstrup
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2008

Non Equilibrium Thermodynamics Of Heterogeneous Systems written by Signe Kjelstrup and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Technology & Engineering categories.

The purpose of this book is to encourage the use of non-equilibrium thermodynamics to describe transport in complex, heterogeneous media. With large coupling effects between the transport of heat, mass, charge and chemical reactions at surfaces, it is important to know how one should properly integrate across systems where different phases are in contact. No other book gives a prescription of how to set up flux equations for transports across heterogeneous systems.The authors apply the thermodynamic description in terms of excess densities, developed by Gibbs for equilibrium, to non-equilibrium systems. The treatment is restricted to transport into and through the surface. Using local equilibrium together with the balance equations for the surface, expressions for the excess entropy production of the surface and of the contact line are derived. Many examples are given to illustrate how the theory can be applied to coupled transport of mass, heat, charge and chemical reactions; in phase transitions, at electrode surfaces and in fuel cells. Molecular simulations and analytical studies are used to add insight.

Non Equilibrium Dynamics In Chemical Systems

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Author : C. Vidal
language : de
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984

Non Equilibrium Dynamics In Chemical Systems written by C. Vidal and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with categories.

Noise Induced Transitions

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Author : W. Horsthemke
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-09-12

Noise Induced Transitions written by W. Horsthemke and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-09-12 with Science categories.

The study of phase transitions is among the most fascinating fields in physics. Originally limited to transition phenomena in equilibrium systems, this field has outgrown its classical confines during the last two decades. The behavior of far from equilibrium systems has received more and more attention and has been an extremely active and productive subject of research for physicists, chemists and biologists. Their studies have brought about a more unified vision of the laws which govern self-organization processes of physico-chemical and biological sys tems. A major achievement has been the extension of the notion of phase transi tion to instabilities which occur only in open nonlinear systems. The notion of phase transition has been proven fruitful in apphcation to nonequilibrium ins- bihties known for about eight decades, like certain hydrodynamic instabilities, as well as in the case of the more recently discovered instabilities in quantum optical systems such as the laser, in chemical systems such as the Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction and in biological systems. Even outside the realm of natural sciences, this notion is now used in economics and sociology. In this monograph we show that the notion of phase transition can be extend ed even further. It apphes also to a new class of transition phenomena which occur only in nonequilibrium systems subjected to a randomly fluctuating en vironment.

Advanced Synergetics

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Author : Hermann Haken
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Advanced Synergetics written by Hermann Haken and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.

This text on the interdisciplinary field of synergetics will be of interest to students and scientists in physics, chemistry, mathematics, biology, electrical, civil and mechanical engineering, and other fields. It continues the outline of basic con cepts and methods presented in my book Synergetics. An Introduction, which has by now appeared in English, Russian, J apanese, Chinese, and German. I have written the present book in such a way that most of it can be read in dependently of my previous book, though occasionally some knowledge of that book might be useful. But why do these books address such a wide audience? Why are instabilities such a common feature, and what do devices and self-organizing systems have in common? Self-organizing systems acquire their structures or functions without specific interference from outside. The differentiation of cells in biology, and the process of evolution are both examples of self-organization. Devices such as the electronic oscillators used in radio transmitters, on the other hand, are man made. But we often forget that in many cases devices function by means of pro cesses which are also based on self-organization. In an electronic oscillator the motion of electrons becomes coherent without any coherent driving force from the outside; the device is constructed in such a way as to permit specific collective motions of the electrons. Quite evidently the dividing line between self-organiz ing systems and man-made devices is not at all rigid.

Quantum Gases

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Author : Nick Proukakis
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2013

Quantum Gases written by Nick Proukakis and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Science categories.

This volume provides a broad overview of the principal theoretical techniques applied to non-equilibrium and finite temperature quantum gases. Covering Bose-Einstein condensates, degenerate Fermi gases, and the more recently realised exciton-polariton condensates, it fills a gap by linking between different methods with origins in condensed matter physics, quantum field theory, quantum optics, atomic physics, and statistical mechanics.

Statistical Thermodynamics Of Nonequilibrium Processes

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Author : Joel Keizer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Statistical Thermodynamics Of Nonequilibrium Processes written by Joel Keizer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.

The structure of the theory ofthermodynamics has changed enormously since its inception in the middle of the nineteenth century. Shortly after Thomson and Clausius enunciated their versions of the Second Law, Clausius, Maxwell, and Boltzmann began actively pursuing the molecular basis of thermo dynamics, work that culminated in the Boltzmann equation and the theory of transport processes in dilute gases. Much later, Onsager undertook the elucidation of the symmetry oftransport coefficients and, thereby, established himself as the father of the theory of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Com bining the statistical ideas of Gibbs and Langevin with the phenomenological transport equations, Onsager and others went on to develop a consistent statistical theory of irreversible processes. The power of that theory is in its ability to relate measurable quantities, such as transport coefficients and thermodynamic derivatives, to the results of experimental measurements. As powerful as that theory is, it is linear and limited in validity to a neighborhood of equilibrium. In recent years it has been possible to extend the statistical theory of nonequilibrium processes to include nonlinear effects. The modern theory, as expounded in this book, is applicable to a wide variety of systems both close to and far from equilibrium. The theory is based on the notion of elementary molecular processes, which manifest themselves as random changes in the extensive variables characterizing a system. The theory has a hierarchical character and, thus, can be applied at various levels of molecular detail.