Oscillatory Contractile Mechanism Of Insect Flight Muscle
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Oscillatory Contractile Mechanism Of Insect Flight Muscle
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Author : J. W. S. Pringle
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1967
Oscillatory Contractile Mechanism Of Insect Flight Muscle written by J. W. S. Pringle and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1967 with categories.
The flight muscles of gian water bugs provide the best material for a study of the peculiar properties of insect fibrillar muscle. Although little was previously known about the biology of these insect, three species, Lethocerus maximus, L. annulipes and B. Malkini have now been extensively studied in the field in Trinidad and the techniques for breeding L. maximus and B. malkini worked out. Against the background of studies carried out in Oxford in the last four years (Pringle, 1967) special attention was given to the biochemistry of the ATPase activity of actomyosin and myofibrils prepared from fibrillar flight muscles (Maruyama and Allen, 1967; Maruyama, Pringle and Tregear, in press). This enzyme is similar to that from vertebrate muscle in its sensitivity to ionic strength and its requirements for MgATP as substrate but its dependence on the concentration of Ca(2+) is different and this is related to the stretch activation shown by intact glycerinated muscle preparations (Ruegg and Tregear, 1966). Previous studies (Chaplain, 1966) suggested an important role for ADP in the control of ATPase activity of insect actomyosin. Further studies show that the ionic strength of the medium has an important effect on the inhibition or activation produced by ADP (Maruyama and Pringle, 1967). (Author).
The Mechanism Of The Oscillatory Contraction Of Insect Fibrillar Flight Muscle
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Author : Roger H. Abbott
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968
The Mechanism Of The Oscillatory Contraction Of Insect Fibrillar Flight Muscle written by Roger H. Abbott and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with Insects categories.
Oscillatory Contraction Of Insect Flight Muscle 1 July 1966 31 July 1968 Final Scientific Report
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Author : J. W. S. Pringle
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968
Oscillatory Contraction Of Insect Flight Muscle 1 July 1966 31 July 1968 Final Scientific Report written by J. W. S. Pringle and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with categories.
The Sliding Filament Theory Of Muscle Contraction
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Author : David Aitchison Smith
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-02-05
The Sliding Filament Theory Of Muscle Contraction written by David Aitchison Smith and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-05 with Medical categories.
Understanding the molecular mechanism of muscle contraction started with the discovery that striated muscle is composed of interdigitating filaments which slide against each other. Sliding filaments and the working-stroke mechanism provide the framework for individual myosin motors to act in parallel, generating tension and loaded shortening with an efficient use of chemical energy. Our knowledge of this exquisitely structured molecular machine has exploded in the last four decades, thanks to a bewildering array of techniques for studying intact muscle, muscle fibres, myofibrils and single myosin molecules. After reviewing the mechanical and biochemical background, this monograph shows how old and new experimental discoveries can be modelled, interpreted and incorporated into a coherent mathematical theory of contractility at the molecular level. The theory is applied to steady-state and transient phenomena in muscle fibres, wing-beat oscillations in insect flight muscle, motility assays and single-molecule experiments with optical trapping. Such a synthesis addresses major issues, most notably whether a single myosin motor is driven by a working stroke or a ratchet mechanism, how the working stroke is coupled to phosphate release, and whether one cycle of attachment is driven by the hydrolysis of one molecule of ATP. Ways in which the theory can be extended are explored in appendices. A separate theory is required for the cooperative regulation of muscle by calcium via tropomyosin and troponin on actin filaments. The book reviews the evolution of models for actin-based regulation, culminating in a model motivated by cryo-EM studies where tropomyosin protomers are linked to form a continuous flexible chain. It also explores muscle behaviour as a function of calcium level, including emergent phenomena such as spontaneous oscillatory contractions and direct myosin regulation by its regulatory light chains. Contraction models can be extended to all levels of calcium-activation by embedding them in a cooperative theory of thin-filament regulation, and a method for achieving this grand synthesis is proposed. Dr. David Aitchison Smith is a theoretical physicist with thirty years of research experience in modelling muscle contractility, in collaboration with experimental groups in different laboratories.
Insect Flight
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Author : J. W. S. Pringle
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-03
Insect Flight written by J. W. S. Pringle and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-03 with Insects categories.
Biochemistry Of The Contractile Mechanism Of Insect Flight Muscle
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Author : R. A. Chaplain
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1966
Biochemistry Of The Contractile Mechanism Of Insect Flight Muscle written by R. A. Chaplain and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1966 with Insects categories.
Contractile Mechanisms In Muscle
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Author : Gerald Pollack
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-13
Contractile Mechanisms In Muscle written by Gerald Pollack and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-13 with Medical categories.
Prior to the emergence of the sliding filament model, contraction theories had been in abundance. In the absence of the kinds of structural and biochemical information available today, it has been a simple matter to speculate about the possible ways in which tension generation and shortening might occur. The advent of the sliding filament model had an immediate impact on these theories; within several years they fell by the wayside, and attention was redirected towards mechanisms by which the filaments might be driven to slide by one another. In terms of identifying the driving mechanism, the pivotal observa tion was the electron micrographic indentification of cross-bridges extending from the thick filaments. It was quite naturally assumed that such bridges, which had the ability to split ATP, were the molecular motors, i.e., that they were the sites of mechanochemical transduction. Out of this presumption grew the cross-bridge model. in which filament sliding is presumed to be driven by the cyclic interaction of cross-bridges with complementary actin sites located along the thin filaments.
The Biomechanics Of Insect Flight
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Author : Robert Dudley
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2018-06-05
The Biomechanics Of Insect Flight written by Robert Dudley and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-05 with Science categories.
From the rain forests of Borneo to the tenements of Manhattan, winged insects are a conspicuous and abundant feature of life on earth. Here, Robert Dudley presents the first comprehensive explanation of how insects fly. The author relates the biomechanics of flight to insect ecology and evolution in a major new work of synthesis. The book begins with an overview of insect flight biomechanics. Dudley explains insect morphology, wing motions, aerodynamics, flight energetics, and flight metabolism within a modern phylogenetic setting. Drawing on biomechanical principles, he describes and evaluates flight behavior and the limits to flight performance. The author then takes the next step by developing evolutionary explanations of insect flight. He analyzes the origins of flight in insects, the roles of natural and sexual selection in determining how insects fly, and the relationship between flight and insect size, pollination, predation, dispersal, and migration. Dudley ranges widely--from basic aerodynamics to muscle physiology and swarming behavior--but his focus is the explanation of functional design from evolutionary and ecological perspectives. The importance of flight in the lives of insects has long been recognized but never systematically evaluated. This book addresses that shortcoming. Robert Dudley provides an introduction to insect flight that will be welcomed by students and researchers in biomechanics, entomology, evolution, ecology, and behavior.
The Structural Basis Of Muscular Contraction
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Author : John Squire
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Structural Basis Of Muscular Contraction written by John Squire and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Muscular contraction provides one of the most fascinating topics for a biophysicist to study. Although muscle comprises a molecular machine whereby chemical energy is converted to mechanical work, its action in producing force is something that is readily observable in everyday life, a feature that does not apply to most other structures of biophysical inter est. In addition, muscle is so beautifully organized at the microscopic level that those important structural probes, electron microscopy (with the associated image analysis methods) and X-ray diffraction, have pro vided a wealth of information about the arrangements of the constituent proteins in a variety of muscle types. But, despite all this, the answer to the question "How does muscle work?" is still uncertain, especially with regard to the molecular events by which force is actually generated, and the question remains one of the major unsolved problems in biology. With this problem in mind, this book has been written to collect together the available evidence on the structures of the muscle fila ments and on their arrangements in different muscle cells, to extract the common structural features of these cells, and thus to attempt to define a possible series of mechanical steps that will describe at molecular resolu tion the process by which force is generated. The book cannot be considered to be an introductory text; in fact, it presents a very detailed account of muscle structure as gleaned mainly from electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.
Calcium In Muscle Contraction
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Author : Johann C. Rüegg
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Calcium In Muscle Contraction written by Johann C. Rüegg and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Recent years have witnessed an explosion of knowledge lea- ding to a molecular understanding of the mechanisms of ac- tion of calcium on excitation and contraction coupling and its role in the regulation of contractility. This book highlights the most recent progress as well as providing a historial perspective of the field. It presents a concise and comprehensive overview of our current knowledge regar- ding calcium channels and regulatory proteins as well as in- tracellular calcium handling and the mechanisms underlying the activation of contractile proteins. It also describes how these basic mechanisms have been adapted in various types of muscle, especially in cardiac and smooth muscle.