P53 Protocols
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P53 Protocols
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Author : Sumitra Deb
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-02-02
P53 Protocols written by Sumitra Deb and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-02 with Science categories.
Since the discovery of p53 as a tumor suppressor, numerous methods have evolved to reveal the unique structural features and biochemical functions of this protein. Several unique properties of p53 posed a challenge to understa- ing its normal function in the initial phase of its research. The low levels of p53 in normal cells, its stabilization under situations of genotoxic stress, induction of growth arrest, and apoptosis with stabilization of the protein, obstructed the visibility of its normal, unmutated function. The property of p53 that can sense a promoter and transactivate or inhibit is still not well understood. It is still not known whether it is the absence of the protein that causes tumorigenesis, or if its mutants have a dominant role in inducing cancer. p53 Protocols comprises eighteen chapters for the study of the diverse properties of p53 and related proteins. The methods included are invaluable for delineating the function of other proteins that may function as tumor suppr- sors or growth suppressors. The chapters are not presented in any schematic order, for the importance and diversity of the functions of p53 make it imp- sible to organize them suitably. We have made a sincere effort to collect the methods most useful to those investigators working on tumor suppressors or growth suppressors. The purpose of p53 Protocols is not only to provide investigators with methods to analyze similar biochemical functions, but also to familiarize them with the associated problems that arose during the course of investigations.
Sv40 Protocols
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Author : Leda Raptis
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-02-02
Sv40 Protocols written by Leda Raptis and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-02 with Science categories.
Simian virus 40 gained notoriety in the 1960s because it was found to be a contaminant of polio and adenovirus vaccines that had been administered to millions of healthy individuals worldwide. The public health implications of this revelation provided the initial impetus for an in-depth study of SV40 biology. Later work showed that SV40 DNA sequences as well as infectious virus are in fact found in human tumors and may have contributed to oncog- esis. It also turned out that SV40 uses mostly cellular machinery to carry out many steps in viral infection, which makes it a powerful probe for examining many fundamental questions in eukaryotic molecular biology. SV40 Pro- cols consolidates a number of well-tested step-by-step techniques in one v- ume; experts with hands-on experience in particular methods give detailed accounts of their optimized experimental protocols, so that the beginner, as well as more experienced researchers, may readily overcome problems of ambiguity often present in the literature. As with other DNA tumor viruses, the response of cultured cells to SV40 infection depends upon the species being infected. Monkey cells s- port virus production, which leads to their death, whereas rodent cells p- duce only the early proteins and acquire a transformed phenotype. Thus, SV40 Protocols is organized in two sections. The first relates to assays of the lytic cycle of the virus, and the second deals with transformation.
Molecular Toxicology Protocols
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Author : Phouthone Keohavong
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-02-03
Molecular Toxicology Protocols written by Phouthone Keohavong and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-03 with Medical categories.
A collection of cutting-edge techniques for analyzing genotoxic exposure and detecting the resulting biological effects-including endogenous metabolites-up to and including the development of cancer. The authors emphasize analytical methods that can be specifically applied to human populations and patients. Among the applications detailed are the analysis of interactions between such cellular macromolecules as DNA and proteins and chemical and physical agents, the assessment of medically relevant toxicity, and the characterization of genetic alterations induced in transgenic animals by in vivo systems. There are also methods for the analysis of genotoxic exposure during gene expression, of cytotoxicity caused by the induction of apoptosis, of genetic alterations in reporter genes and oncogenes, early (premalignant) detection of altered oncogenes, and of individual variation in biotransformation and DNA repair capacity.
P53 Protocols
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Author : Sumitra Deb
language : en
Publisher: Humana
Release Date : 2003-06-20
P53 Protocols written by Sumitra Deb and has been published by Humana this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-06-20 with Science categories.
Since the discovery of p53 as a tumor suppressor, numerous methods have evolved to reveal the unique structural features and biochemical functions of this protein. Several unique properties of p53 posed a challenge to understa- ing its normal function in the initial phase of its research. The low levels of p53 in normal cells, its stabilization under situations of genotoxic stress, induction of growth arrest, and apoptosis with stabilization of the protein, obstructed the visibility of its normal, unmutated function. The property of p53 that can sense a promoter and transactivate or inhibit is still not well understood. It is still not known whether it is the absence of the protein that causes tumorigenesis, or if its mutants have a dominant role in inducing cancer. p53 Protocols comprises eighteen chapters for the study of the diverse properties of p53 and related proteins. The methods included are invaluable for delineating the function of other proteins that may function as tumor suppr- sors or growth suppressors. The chapters are not presented in any schematic order, for the importance and diversity of the functions of p53 make it imp- sible to organize them suitably. We have made a sincere effort to collect the methods most useful to those investigators working on tumor suppressors or growth suppressors. The purpose of p53 Protocols is not only to provide investigators with methods to analyze similar biochemical functions, but also to familiarize them with the associated problems that arose during the course of investigations.
Cell Cycle Checkpoint Control Protocols
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Author : Howard B. Lieberman
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-02-02
Cell Cycle Checkpoint Control Protocols written by Howard B. Lieberman and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-02 with Science categories.
The field of cell cycle regulation is based on the observation that the life cycle of a cell progresses through several distinct phases, G1, M, S, and G2, occurring in a well-defined temporal order. Details of the mechanisms involved are rapidly emerging and appear extraordinarily complex. Furthermore, not only is the order of the phases important, but in normal eukaryotic cells one phase will not begin unless the prior phase is completed successfully. Che- point control mechanisms are essentially surveillance systems that monitor the events in each phase, and assure that the cell does not progress prematurely to the next phase. If conditions are such that the cell is not ready to progress—for example, because of incomplete DNA replication in S or DNA damage that may interfere with chromosome segregation in M—a transient delay in cell cycle progression will occur. Once the inducing event is properly handled— for example, DNA replication is no longer blocked or damaged DNA is repaired—cell cycle progression continues. Checkpoint controls have recently been the focus of intense study by investigators interested in mechanisms that regulate the cell cycle. Furthermore, the relationship between checkpoint c- trol and carcinogenesis has additionally enhanced interest in these cell cycle regulatory pathways. It is clear that cancer cells often lack these checkpoints and exhibit genomic instability as a result. Moreover, several tumor suppressor genes participate in checkpoint control, and alterations in these genes are as- ciated with genomic instability as well as the development of cancer.
Embryonic Stem Cell Protocols
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Author : Kursad Turksen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-02-04
Embryonic Stem Cell Protocols written by Kursad Turksen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-04 with Science categories.
Now in two volumes, this completely updated and expanded edition of Embryonic Stem Cells: Methods and Protocols provides a diverse collection of readily reproducible cellular and molecular protocols for the manipulation of nonhuman embryonic stem cells. Volume one, Embryonic Stem Cell Protocols: Isolation and Characterization, Second Edition, provides a diverse collection of readily reproducible cellular and molecular protocols for the isolation, maintenance, and characterization of embryonic stem cells. The second volume, Embryonic Stem Cell Protocols: Differentiation Models, Second Edition, covers state-of-the-art methods for deriving many types of differentiating cells from ES cells. Together, the two volumes illuminate for both novices and experts our current understanding of the biology of embryonic stem cells and their utility in normal tissue homeostasis and regenerative medicine applications.
Differential Display Methods And Protocols
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Author : Peng Liang
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-02-04
Differential Display Methods And Protocols written by Peng Liang and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-04 with Science categories.
Since the first edition of this book dedicated to differential display (DD) technology was published in 1997, we have witnessed an explosive interest in studying differential gene expression. The gene-hunting euphoria was initially powered by the invention of DD, which was gradually overtaken by DNA microarray technology in recent years. Then why is there still the need for second edition of this DD book? First of all, DD still enjoys a substantial lead over DNA microarrays in the ISI citation data (see Table 1), despite the h- dreds of millions of dollars spent each year on arrays. This may come as a surprise to many, but to us it implies that many of the DNA microarray studies went unpublished owing to their unfulfilled promises (1). Second, unlike DNA microarrays, DD is an “open”-ended gene discovery method that does not depend on prior genome sequence information of the organism being studied. As such, DD is applicable to the study of all living organisms—from bacteria, fungi, insects, fish, plants, to mammals—even when their genomes are not sequenced. Second, DD is more accessible technically and financially to most cost-conscious “cottage-industry” academic laboratories. So clearly DD still has its unique place in the modern molecular biological toolbox for gene expression analysis.
Tumor Suppressor Genes
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Author : Wafik S. El-Deiry
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-02-03
Tumor Suppressor Genes written by Wafik S. El-Deiry and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-03 with Medical categories.
It has become clear that tumors arise from excessive cell proliferation and a c- responding reduction in cell death. Tumors result from the successive accumulation of mutations in key regulatory target genes over time. During the 1980s, a number of oncogenes were characterized, whereas from the 1990s to the present, the emphasis shifted to tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). It has become clear that oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes function in the same pathways, providing positive and ne- tive growth regulatory activities. The signaling pathways controlled by these genes involve virtually every process in cell biology, including nuclear events, cell cycle, cell death, cytoskeletal, cell membrane, angiogenesis, and cell adhesion effects. Tumor suppressor genes are mutated in hereditary cancer syndromes, as well as somatically in nonhereditary cancers. In their normal state, TSGs control cancer development and p- gression, as well as contribute to the sensitivity of cancers to a variety of therapeutics. Understanding the classes of TSGs, the biochemical pathways they function in, and how they are regulated provides an essential lesson in cancer biology. We cannot hope to advance our current knowledge and to develop new and more effective therapies without understanding the relevant pathways and how they influence the present approaches to therapy. Moreover, it is important to be able to access the powerful tools now available to discover these genes, as well as their links to cell biology and growth control.
Handbook Of Immunohistochemistry And In Situ Hybridization Of Human Carcinomas
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Author : M. A. Hayat
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2004-06-16
Handbook Of Immunohistochemistry And In Situ Hybridization Of Human Carcinomas written by M. A. Hayat and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-06-16 with Science categories.
The various cell types have traditionally been recognized and classified according to their appearance in the light microscope following the process of fixing, processing, sectioning, and staining tissues that is known as histology. Classical histology has been augmented by immunohistochemistry (the use of specific antibodies to stain particular molecular species in situ). Immunohistochemistry has allowed the identification of many more cell types than could be visualized by classical histology, particularly in the immune system and among the scattered hormone-secreting cells of the endocrine system. Handbook of Immunohistochemistry and in Situ Hybridization of Human Carcinomas discusses all aspects of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization technologies and the important role they play in reaching a cancer diagnosis. It provides step-by-step instructions on the methods of additional molecular technologies such as DNA microarrays, and microdissection, along with the benefits and limitations of each method. The topics of region-specific gene expression, its role in cancer development and the techniques that assist in the understanding of the molecular basis of disease are relevant and necessary in science today, ensuring a wide audience for this book. - The only book available that translates molecular genetics into cancer diagnosis - Provides the readers with tools necessary to perform and optimize sensitive, powerful techniques, including immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization, used in tumor diagnosis - Written by experts in this field, the book provides theoretical considerations as well as practical approaches to carry out effectively these techniques - Offers suggestions, tips, cautions, and guidelines to avoid artifacts and misdiagnosis - Introduces new techniques to detect genes and proteins involved in the initiation and progression of cancer - Covers the latest developments and a wide range of applications to the detection of antigens and single-copy DNA and RNA - Written in a uniform format, each chapter includes Introduction, Materials required, step-by-step detailed Methods, Results, Discussion, and comprehensive up-to-date References
Journal Of The National Cancer Institute
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002-03
Journal Of The National Cancer Institute written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-03 with Cancer categories.