Parameters Of Morphosyntactic Change
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Parameters Of Morphosyntactic Change
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Author : Ans van Kemenade
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1997-05
Parameters Of Morphosyntactic Change written by Ans van Kemenade and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-05 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Even today, many passengers, including the most frequent flyers, associate air travel with a feeling of fear and concern. Basing itself on the premise that people are often afraid of the unknown, author Jorge Ontiveros, a professional of Aena and the author of several publications on this sector, explains all the elements involved in air travel in his new work. It explains airports, their staff, security processes, ground workers and airline employees - a combination of professionals and technology that has made this means of transport by far the safest of all. Safety that is the main objective of all those who take part in this activity, and which Jorge Ontiveros, with descriptive and didactic language, tries to transmit, so that your next trip is much more pleasurable and pleasant. Publication index: I. Discover air travel From the age of pioneers till today Commercial aviation in Spain If this is your first time II. Flying, trick or magic? Why does an aeroplane fly? How does an aeroplane fly? III. The aeroplane: design, manufacture and maintenance Manufacturing reliable planes From manufacture to line flying We take care of your plane; we take care of you IV. Air routes and air traffic control Where do aeroplanes fly? Air traffic control V. At the airport The airport The best protection is invisible Come on, hurry up! A bird in the hand is worth... VI. On the plane Ladies and gentlemen, welcome on board! Ladies and gentleman, this is your captain speaking Entering the runway for take-off In case of an emergency landing VII. Meteorology It ́s raining, it ́s pouring. The old man is snoring... ... He bumped his head and went to bed... ... And couldn ́t get up in the morning! Thunder and lightning! Fasten your seatbelt; we are encountering ana rea of turbulence... VIII. Travelling by plane or by car, which is safer? Risk and safety; travelling by plane or by car? Car safety ldquo;I am scared of planes, I am scared of boats too..." IX. Flying healthily Breathing at 10.000 metres I can ́t feel my legs! Jet lag, what is and how to alleviate it I am expecting, can I fly? When I fly I get earache X. Clarifying doubts I have a Young child; will travelling by plane be complicated? Would it be complicated to fly with reduced mobility? Everything you always wanted to know And just before we finish...some advice relating to
Morphosyntactic Change
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Author : Olga Fischer
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2007
Morphosyntactic Change written by Olga Fischer and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book presents a critical comparison of the two leading theories of linguistic change. After introducing the aims and methods of historical linguistics, Olga Fischer provides an exposition of the main theories used to describe morphosyntactic change and a full account of the causes and mechanisms by which their leading exponents seek to explain it. She measures the effectiveness of rival theories and methods in different contexts and in the process throws fresh light on the balance of factors influencing linguistic change. Professor Fischer emphazises the unity of form and meaning in the linguistic sign and examines the role played by analogy. She looks at how changes in discourse, lexicon, semantics, pragmatics, and sound interact with changes in morphosyntax, and explores the relationship between external and internal causes of change. She considers whether morphosyntactic change is gradual or abrupt and discusses how far rates of change reflect the degree to which grammar is innate or learned. She uses detailed case studies to illustrate different types of morphosyntactic change, and to show how each theory fares when put into practice. The author's clear style and her balanced approach to this fascinating and complex subject combine to make this a book that will be of central interest and value to scholars and students of linguistic change, at graduate level and above.
Morphosyntactic Change
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Author : Bettelou Los
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-05-03
Morphosyntactic Change written by Bettelou Los and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-03 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Particle verbs (combinations of two words but lexical units) are a notorious problem in linguistics. Is a particle verb like look up one word or two? It has its own entry in dictionaries, as if it is one word, but look and up can be split up in a sentence: we can say He looked the information up and He looked up the information. But why can't we say He looked up it? In English look and up can only be separated by a direct object, but in Dutch the two parts can be separated over a much longer distance. How did such hybrid verbs arise and how do they function? How can we make sense of them in modern theories of language structure? This book sets out to answer these and other questions, explaining how these verbs fit into the grammatical systems of English and Dutch.
Language Acquisition And Change
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Author : Jurgen M Meisel
language : en
Publisher: Edinburgh University Press
Release Date : 2013-10-17
Language Acquisition And Change written by Jurgen M Meisel and has been published by Edinburgh University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-17 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Under which circumstances does grammatical change come about? Is the child the principle agent of change as suggested by historical linguistics?This book discusses diachronic change of languages in terms of restructuring of speakers' internal grammatical knowledge. Efforts to construct a theory of diachronic change consistent with findings from psycholinguistics are scarce. Here, these questions are therefore addressed against the background of insights from research on monolingual and bilingual acquisition. Given that children are remarkably successful in reconstructing the grammars of their ambient languages, commonly held views need to be reconsidered according to which language change is primarily triggered by structural ambiguity in the input and in settings of language contact. In an innovative take on this matter, the authors argue that morphosyntactic change in core areas of grammar, especially where parameters of Universal Grammar are concerned, typically happens in settings involving second language acquisition. The children acting as agents of restructuring are either L2 learners themselves or are continuously exposed to the speech of L2 speakers of their target languages. Based on a variety of case studies, this discussion sheds new light on phenomena of change which have occupied historical linguists since the 19th century and will be welcomed by advanced undergraduate and graduate students as well as researchers in the fields of historical linguistics and language acquisition.
Syntactic Effects Of Morphological Change
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Author : David Lightfoot
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2002
Syntactic Effects Of Morphological Change written by David Lightfoot and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Discussing the nature and causes of language change, the authors of this text consider how far changes in morphology cause changes in syntax, and examine such phenomena from the perspective of syntactic and psycholinguistic theory.
Variation And Morphosyntactic Change In Greek
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Author : P. Pappas
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2003-12-19
Variation And Morphosyntactic Change In Greek written by P. Pappas and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-12-19 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book deals with some of the major theoretical and descriptive concerns of the historical linguist. The author presents a variationist analysis of weak object pronoun placement in Greek during a transitional period of the language when these elements exhibited both clitic-like and affix-like behaviour. The statistical analysis of the data, providing the first accurate description of the pattern of variation, is used in showing that existing accounts fall short of a full explanation. An alternative approach forces re-evaluation of the role of generalizations in linguistic explanation.
Parameter Theory And Linguistic Change
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Author : Sonia Cyrino
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012-11
Parameter Theory And Linguistic Change written by Sonia Cyrino and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Leading scholars examine languages ranging from old Egyptian to modern Afrikaans. They consider the insights parametric theory offers to understanding the dynamics of language change and test new hypotheses against an extensive array of data. In both the broad range of languages it discusses and its use of linguistic theory this is an outstanding book.
How To Set Parameters
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Author : David Lightfoot
language : en
Publisher: Mit Press
Release Date : 1991-01-01
How To Set Parameters written by David Lightfoot and has been published by Mit Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-01-01 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Over the past decade generative grammarians have viewed language acquisition as a process of fixing option points or parameters defined in Universal Grammar. Here David Lightfoot addresses the crucial question of what it takes to set a parameter, of what kind of experience is needed to trigger the emergence of a natural kind of grammar.Lightfoot asserts that parameter setting is not sensitive to embedded material, that it is triggered only by robust elements that are structurally simple. He observes that morphological properties play a significant role in setting parameters which. have widespread syntactic effects. Using evidence from data on diachronic changes and from current work in syntactic theory, Lightfoot makes precise claims about the triggering experience that can explain a number of historical puzzles. He argues that the changes could have taken place in the way they did only if language acquisition proceeds on the basis of simple, unembedded experiences.Along the way Lightfoot examines consequences of the loss of the rich Old English case system and of the breakdown of the verb classes and takes up particularly illuminating cases of obsolescent structures.David Lightfoot is Professor and Chairman of the Linguistics Department at the University of Maryland.
The Handbook Of Historical Linguistics Volume Ii
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Author : Richard D. Janda
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2020-09-15
The Handbook Of Historical Linguistics Volume Ii written by Richard D. Janda and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
An entirely new follow-up volume providing a detailed account of numerous additional issues, methods, and results that characterize current work in historical linguistics. This brand-new, second volume of The Handbook of Historical Linguistics is a complement to the well-established first volume first published in 2003. It includes extended content allowing uniquely comprehensive coverage of the study of language(s) over time. Though it adds fresh perspectives on several topics previously treated in the first volume, this Handbook focuses on extensions of diachronic linguistics beyond those key issues. This Handbook provides readers with studies of language change whose perspectives range from comparisons of large open vs. small closed corpora, via creolistics and linguistic contact in general, to obsolescence and endangerment of languages. Written by leading scholars in their respective fields, new chapters are offered on matters such as the origin of language, evidence from language for reconstructing human prehistory, invocations of language present in studies of language past, benefits of linguistic fieldwork for historical investigation, ways in which not only biological evolution but also field biology can serve as heuristics for research into the rise and spread of linguistic innovations, and more. Moreover, it: offers novel and broadened content complementing the earlier volume so as to provide the fullest available overview of a wholly engrossing field includes 23 all-new contributed chapters, treating some familiar themes from fresh perspectives but mostly covering entirely new topics features expanded discussion of material from language families other than Indo-European provides a multiplicity of views from numerous specialists in linguistic diachrony. The Handbook of Historical Linguistics, Volume II is an ideal book for undergraduate and graduate students in linguistics, researchers and professional linguists, as well as all those interested in the history of particular languages and the history of language more generally.
Word Order And Parameter Change In Romanian
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Author : Alexandru Nicolae
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2019-06-06
Word Order And Parameter Change In Romanian written by Alexandru Nicolae and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-06 with categories.
The book provides a comprehensive description and in-depth analysis of the major word order changes that took place in the clausal and the nominal domains in the transition from old to modern Romanian. The data are set in a comparative Romance perspective, with attention also paid to the impact of the Balkan Sprachbund and the influence of Old Church Slavonic. Alexandru Nicolae's analysis is based on a qualitative and quantitative examination of a large number of phenomena in a representative corpus of old Romanian texts. Some of these phenomena, such as scrambling, interpolation, discontinuous constituents, and variation in the position and linearization of DP-internal adjectival modifiers, are found across Romance, while others, such as the low position for pronominal cliticization, are relatively rare. Still others are specific to old and modern Romanian, such as the proclitic and enclitic realization of the same pronominal clitic, the low definite article, and the adjectival article construction. From an empirical perspective, the volume fills a gap in the Romance linguistics literature, as several of the phenomena it explores have been largely neglected to date. More broadly it offers a valuable contribution to research into word order typology and change, the nature and content of syntactic parameters, and the theory of grammaticalization and syntactic change.