Photosynthesis Respiration And Climate Change
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Photosynthesis Respiration And Climate Change
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Author : Katie M. Becklin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-05-31
Photosynthesis Respiration And Climate Change written by Katie M. Becklin and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-31 with Science categories.
Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and global climate conditions have altered photosynthesis and plant respiration across both geologic and contemporary time scales. Understanding climate change effects on plant carbon dynamics is critical for predicting plant responses to future growing conditions. Furthermore, demand for biofuel, fibre and food production is rapidly increasing with the ever-expanding global human population, and our ability to meet these demands is exacerbated by climate change. This volume integrates physiological, ecological, and evolutionary perspectives on photosynthesis and respiration responses to climate change. We explore this topic in the context of modeling plant responses to climate, including physiological mechanisms that constrain carbon assimilation and the potential for plants to acclimate to rising carbon dioxide concentration, warming temperatures and drought. Additional chapters contrast climate change responses in natural and agricultural ecosystems, where differences in climate sensitivity between different photosynthetic pathways can influence community and ecosystem processes. Evolutionary studies over past and current time scales provide further insight into evolutionary changes in photosynthetic traits, the emergence of novel plant strategies, and the potential for rapid evolutionary responses to future climate conditions. Finally, we discuss novel approaches to engineering photosynthesis and photorespiration to improve plant productivity for the future. The overall goals for this volume are to highlight recent advances in photosynthesis and respiration research, and to identify key challenges to understanding and scaling plant physiological responses to climate change. The integrated perspectives and broad scope of research make this volume an excellent resource for both students and researchers in many areas of plant science, including plant physiology, ecology, evolution, climate change, and biotechnology. For this volume, 37 experts contributed chapters that span modeling, empirical, and applied research on photosynthesis and respiration responses to climate change. Authors represent the following seven countries: Australia (6); Canada (9), England (5), Germany (2), Spain (3), and the United States (12).
Photosynthesis In A Changing Global Climate A Matter Of Scale
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Author : Iker Aranjuelo
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-02-25
Photosynthesis In A Changing Global Climate A Matter Of Scale written by Iker Aranjuelo and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-25 with Science categories.
Climate Change Air Pollution And Global Challenges
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Author : Jörg Kruse
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-11-19
Climate Change Air Pollution And Global Challenges written by Jörg Kruse and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-19 with Nature categories.
Climate change will likely affect the carbon balance of terrestrial soils via shifts in photosynthetic carbon input relative to soil respiratory CO2 loss. This review is focused on the effects of enhanced temperature and altered precipitation on soil respiration—that is, the sum of autotrophic root and heterotrophic microbial respiration. We highlight key processes that determine the substrate supply for the microbial decomposer community. These processes include (i) root exudation of low-molecular carbon compounds, (ii) enzymatic degradation of labile and recalcitrant soil organic matter (SOM) and (iii) physicochemical protection of SOM. The sensitivities of these processes to soil temperature and moisture differ, aggravating mechanistic interpretation of bulk soil respiration in response to global change. Variation in soil respiration can also result from acclimation of autotrophic root respiration, or shifts in microbial carbon use efficiency. On the basis of such key processes, we evaluate the apparent flexibility of instantaneous temperature responses of soil respiration.
Photosynthesis And The Environment
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Author : N.R. Baker
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-07-06
Photosynthesis And The Environment written by N.R. Baker and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-07-06 with Science categories.
Photosynthesis and the Environment examines how photosynthesis may be influenced by environmental changes. Structural and functional aspects of the photosynthetic apparatus are examined in the context of responses to environmental stimuli; particular attention being given to the processing of light energy by thylakoids, metabolic regulation, gas exchange and source-sink relations. The roles of developmental and genetic responses in determining photosynthetic performance are also considered. The complexity of the responses to environmental change is demonstrated by detailed analyses of the effects of specific environmental variables (light, temperature, water, CO2, ozone and UV-B) on photosynthetic performance. Where appropriate attention is given to recent developments in the techniques used for studying photosynthetic activities. The book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students and a wide range of scientists with research interests in environmental effects on photosynthesis and plant productivity.
Climate Change Photosynthesis And Advanced Biofuels
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Author : Ashwani Kumar
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-08-31
Climate Change Photosynthesis And Advanced Biofuels written by Ashwani Kumar and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-31 with Science categories.
The use of fossil fuels results in rising CO2 and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, causing global temperature rise and climate change that will negatively impact human health, the food supply, and eventually worsen hunger and misery. Presently, fossil fuels meet 88% of the energy demand, resulting in rising CO2/GHG emissions at alarming rates. The increased use of biofuels would help to mitigate climate change. Efficiently designing methods for the production of biofuels and plant-derived high-value products requires a deeper understanding of photosynthetic processes as a prerequisite for applying novel biotechnologies. Accordingly, this book provides ample information and a wealth of illustrative examples. The book’s eighteen richly illustrated chapters are divided into three thematic parts. I: Photosynthesis and Biomass Production under Changing Conditions, II: Microalgae and Engineered Crops for Production of Biofuels and High-value Products, and III: Genetic Resources and Engineering Methods to Improve Crop Plants. Readers will find the latest information on the molecular basis of photosynthetic processes in plants (including the regulatory principles that allow plants to maintain homeostasis under changing conditions), stress resistance and synthetic pathways. In addition, the basic principles of important biotechnologies, as well as examples of specially designed crops capable of growing under stress conditions with improved productivity, are presented. The book sets the course for future research in the field of biofuel development and production and provides both general and specific information for students, teachers, academic researchers, industrial teams, and general readers who are interested in new developments concerning the production of biofuels with value-added properties.
Forest Soil Respiration Under Climate Changing
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Author : Robert Jandl
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2018-10-09
Forest Soil Respiration Under Climate Changing written by Robert Jandl and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-09 with Electronic books categories.
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Forest Soil Respiration under Climate Changing" that was published in Forests
Photosynthesis Global Climate Change And Food Production
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Author : The Open The Open Courses Library
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019-11-27
Photosynthesis Global Climate Change And Food Production written by The Open The Open Courses Library and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-27 with categories.
Photosynthesis, Global Climate Change, and Food Production The process of photosynthesis has a theoretical efficiency of 30%, but in reality the efficiency is much lower. It is only about 3% on cloudy days. Why is so much solar energy lost? There are a number of factors contributing to this energy loss, and one metabolic pathway that contributes to this low efficiency is photorespiration. All biomes are affected by global conditions, such as climate, that ultimately shape each biome's environment. Scientists who study climate have noted a series of marked changes that have gradually become increasingly evident during the last sixty years. Global climate change is the term used to describe altered global weather patterns, including a worldwide increase in temperature, due largely to rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Chapter Outline: Photosynthetic Pathways Climate and the Effects of Global Climate Change Human Population Continues to Grow The Open Courses Library introduces you to the best Open Source Courses.
Plant Growth And Climate Change
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Author : James I. L. Morison
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2008-04-15
Plant Growth And Climate Change written by James I. L. Morison and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-15 with Science categories.
Evidence grows daily of the changing climate and its impact on plants and animals. Plant function is inextricably linked to climate and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. On the shortest and smallest scales, the climate affects the plant’s immediate environment and so directly influences physiological processes. At larger scales, the climate influences species distribution and community composition, as well as the viability of different crops in managed ecosystems. Plant growth also influences the local, regional and global climate, through the exchanges of energy and gases between the plants and the air around them. Plant Growth and Climate Change examines the major aspects of how anthropogenic climate change affects plants, focusing on several key determinants of plant growth: atmospheric CO2, temperature, water availability and the interactions between these factors. The book demonstrates the variety of techniques used across plant science: detailed physiology in controlled environments; observational studies based on long-term data sets; field manipulation experiments and modelling. It is directed at advanced-level university students, researchers and professionals across the range of plant science disciplines, including plant physiology, plant ecology and crop science. It will also be of interest to earth system scientists.
Canopy Photosynthesis From Basics To Applications
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Author : Kouki Hikosaka
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-12-17
Canopy Photosynthesis From Basics To Applications written by Kouki Hikosaka and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-17 with Science categories.
The last 30 years has seen the development of increasingly sophisticated models that quantify canopy carbon exchange. These models are now essential parts of larger models for prediction and simulation of crop production, climate change, and regional and global carbon dynamics. There is thus an urgent need for increasing expertise in developing, use and understanding of these models. This in turn calls for an advanced, yet easily accessible textbook that summarizes the “canopy science” and introduces the present and the future scientists to the theoretical background of the current canopy models. This book presents current knowledge of functioning of plant canopies, models and strategies employed to simulate canopy function, and the significance of canopy architecture, physiology and dynamics in ecosystems, landscape and biosphere.
Climate Change And Terrestrial Ecosystem Modeling
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Author : Gordon Bonan
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-02-21
Climate Change And Terrestrial Ecosystem Modeling written by Gordon Bonan and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-21 with Mathematics categories.
Provides an essential introduction to modeling terrestrial ecosystems in Earth system models for graduate students and researchers.