Possible Role Of Natural Killer Cells And Other Effector Cells In Immune Surveillance Against Cancer
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Possible Role Of Natural Killer Cells And Other Effector Cells In Immune Surveillance Against Cancer
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Author : Ronald B. Herberman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Possible Role Of Natural Killer Cells And Other Effector Cells In Immune Surveillance Against Cancer written by Ronald B. Herberman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with categories.
Critical Issues In Head And Neck Oncology
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Author : Jan B. Vermorken
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-03-27
Critical Issues In Head And Neck Oncology written by Jan B. Vermorken and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-27 with Medical categories.
This is an open access book. With a wealth of exciting data emerging in this rapidly evolving field this book will review the state-of-the-art knowledge with emphasis on multidisciplinary decision and management of head and neck cancer. The book provides significant detail on a wide range of topics including: the role of new targets for treatment, immunotherapy, resistance mechanisms, standardizing molecular profiling programs, and new methods to guide therapeutic approaches. In addition different disease situations are addressed including different treatment approaches in primary disease and in recurrent and/or metastatic disease as well as new developments in pathology, surgery and reconstruction techniques, new systemic therapies in salivary gland cancer, and supportive care and follow-up. All disciplines involved in the treatment of head & neck cancer are covered with a focus on translation into daily practice. The 8th-THNO is designed for medical oncologists, head and neck surgeons, radiation oncologists, otolaryngologists, and other medical professionals involved in the treatment of patients with head and neck cancer.
Immunological Surveillance
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Author : Macfarlane Burnet
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2014-05-17
Immunological Surveillance written by Macfarlane Burnet and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-17 with Medical categories.
Immunological Surveillance
Natural Killer Cells As Immune Effectors For Selection Differentiation And Resistance Of Healthy And Transformed Stem Cells
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Author : Han-Ching Tseng Dick
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Natural Killer Cells As Immune Effectors For Selection Differentiation And Resistance Of Healthy And Transformed Stem Cells written by Han-Ching Tseng Dick and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Recent advancements in our understanding of anti-tumor immune responses and cancer biology have revealed an elaborate interaction between immune effectors as well as transformed cells in the tumor microenvironment. Effectors of the immune system are known to modulate the maturation of tumor cells and to select for cancer with reduced immunogenicity. The same effector mechanisms are likely responsible for shaping the development of healthy stem cells for the ultimate goal of repair and regeneration of damaged tissues and the discontinuation of chronic inflammation. Natural Killer (NK) cells were first described based on their ability to mediate tumor cell lysis without prior sensitization, however much of their effector functions and dynamic interaction with cells in the microenvironment are still not completely understood. Many studies have demonstrated that NK cells may recognize and become activated by irradiated or stressed cells; yet, currently no studies have investigated the role of NK cells in selection and differentiation of stem cells and potential role of NK cells in the resolution of inflammation. The established paradigm suggests that NK cells are only capable of eliminating defective cells that arise in the body; but, data obtained in this study indicate that the functions of NK cells are not as limited as we once thought. This study provides evidences that tumor cells and virally infected cells are not the only targets of NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Immune cells and healthy stem cells are also susceptible to lysis. NK cells obtained from the peripheral blood or those that have infiltrated into tumors have been shown to be cytotoxicity inactivated or also known as "anergized". In this study, an array of mediators that cause anergy in NK cells have been identified and extensively studied. Initiation of the anergic state in NK cells was once thought as an end-point, a last stop before apoptosis; however, presented data will demonstrate that anergy is a physiological stage that NK cells undergo to help support differentiation of stem cells. Taken together, all of the results provide a novel role for NK cells as effector cells in selection, differentiation and resistance of both transformed and healthy stem cells.
The Second Life Of Natural Killer Nk Cells
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Author : Chiara Romagnani
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2018-07-16
The Second Life Of Natural Killer Nk Cells written by Chiara Romagnani and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-16 with categories.
Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes, now recognized as members of a larger family of “Innate lymphoid cells” (ILCs). Both murine and human NK cells are well characterized effector cells with cytotoxic as well as cytokine production ability which mainly react in response to microbial and cell stress stimuli, thus playing a central role in the defense against pathogen infection, in tumor surveillance and in regulating immune homeostasis. Despite these established concepts, our understanding of the complexity of NK cells, also in view of their developmental and functional relationship with other ILC subsets, is only recently emerging. This Research Topic highlights the recent advances in NK cell (and ILC) research in human and mouse from basic research to clinical applications.
Natural Killer Cells In Human Diseases Friends Or Foes
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Author : Vincent Vieillard
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2018-02-23
Natural Killer Cells In Human Diseases Friends Or Foes written by Vincent Vieillard and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-23 with categories.
NK cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system that share some features with adaptive immune cells like T cells. They are well known for their importance to control viral infections and tumor development, but also intracellular bacterial and parasitic infections. A balance between negative and positive signals transmitted via germ line-encoded inhibitory and activating receptors controls the function of NK cells. Activated NK cells respond by killing the infected or tumor cells without prior sensitization, and by producing cytokines and chemokines. It has been shown that NK cells cross-talk with other immune cells, such as dendritic cells and macrophages, can shape T cell and B cell immune responses through direct interactions as well as by virtue of their cytokine/chemokine production. NK cells can also regulate immune responses by killing other immune cells, including activated T cells, or by producing anti-inflammatory cytokines upon excessive inflammation. However, NK cells are not friends in all situations. Indeed, it has been shown in LCMV-infected murine models that, depending on the viral inoculation load, NK cells may either help fight infection or can promote chronic infection. Moreover in cancer models, it has been shown that NK cells can kill anti-tumoral T cells. Recent studies of NK cells in patients with cancer support the notion of detrimental roles of NK cells. Furthermore, studies implicate NK cells in contributing to both graft rejection and tolerance to an allograft. In some autoimmune diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis, NK cells may promote disease pathogenesis. The scope of this Research Topic is to present and discuss knowledge on the role of NK cells in various diseases settings: viral infections as well as other infections, cancer, transplantation, and autoimmunity. The aim is to discuss how NK cells respond during disease and specifically when, why and how NK cells can be harmful and if they exert different functions (production of specific cytokines, inhibition of other immune cells through other mechanisms beside cytotoxicity) in these situations. Which are the NK cell subsets that play beneficial or deleterious roles in these diseases? Are there different phenotypes associated with protective NK cells (e.g. antiviral, antitumoral) and NK cells involved in disease pathogenesis? How are these diverse NK cells activated and do they function primarily through direct cytotoxicity, ADCC or cytokine and chemokine production? What are the signals or interactions that can change and shape the NK cell response shifting them from protective to harmful? We thank the authors that submitted reviews and original research manuscripts that help to better understand these questions, with the aim that this will help the scientific community to determine what could be the main future research directions to better understand the role of NK cells in disease protection or development.
Immune Surveillance
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Author : Richard T. Smith
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Immune Surveillance written by Richard T. Smith and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Nature categories.
Immune Surveillance deals with the issues regarding tumor immunology and surveillance, in which the central theme is all about the life span of the mammalian host that is depleted by the environment with mutagenic agents and solutions. The book is divided into six chapters. It includes discussions on the organization and modulation of cell membrane receptors, as well as the origin and expression of membrane antigens. It also covers the topics on the triggering mechanisms for and effector mechanisms activated by the cellular recognition. These topics analyze and evaluate alternatives for the recognition and destruction mechanisms in the knowledge of cell cooperation and requirements for immune recognition. A chapter provides discourse on a solution for the paradox of thriving tumors based on the demonstrable in vitro host immunity. Another discusses the generation of antibody diversity and the theory of self-tolerance. The last chapter explains the evaluation of the evidence for immune surveillance. This reference will be invaluable to those who specialize in immunology.
Basics Of Chimeric Antigen Receptor Car Immunotherapy
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Author : Mumtaz Y. Balkhi
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2019-07-31
Basics Of Chimeric Antigen Receptor Car Immunotherapy written by Mumtaz Y. Balkhi and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-31 with Medical categories.
Basics of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) Immunotherapy presents the latest on how T cell adoptive immunotherapy has progressed in its ultimate goal of curing metastatic malignant cancers. Recent clinical data obtained with checkpoint receptor blockade inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy has been especially promising, thus generating renewed hope that we may be on the verge of finally curing cancer. Over the years, huge progress has been made in controlling several stage IV metastasized cancers through the clinical application of checkpoint receptor inhibitory drugs and CAR-Therapy that has seen unprecedented interest in the immunotherapy field. Presents the first book to provide a basic understanding of chimeric antigen receptor (CARs) design, production and clinical application protocols Provides unique authority as the editor has worked directly with CARs Discusses the challenges encountered in actual clinical trials and how these challenges can be overcome Includes a full chapter on various challenges researchers should expect to encounter in the CAR-therapy field
Tumor Immunosurveillance By Natural Killer Cells
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Author : Rayna Takaki Venook
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Tumor Immunosurveillance By Natural Killer Cells written by Rayna Takaki Venook and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Natural killer cells are an integral component of the innate immune response that can quickly detect and eliminate infected or transformed cells without requiring prior sensitization. It has been demonstrated that NK cells play an important role in tumor immunosurveillance; however, the mechanisms regulating NK cell anti-tumor activity are still not well defined. The work presented in this thesis examines the effects of E1A-mediated transformation, interleukin-2I (IL-21) treatment, and DAP 12-mediated signaling on NK cell-mediated tumor rejection.
The Link Between Inflammation And Cancer
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Author : Angus G. Dalgleish
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-03-05
The Link Between Inflammation And Cancer written by Angus G. Dalgleish and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-03-05 with Medical categories.
A link between inflammation and cancer has been established many years ago, yet it is only recently that the potential significance of this connection has become apparent. Although several examples of chronic inflammatory conditions, often induced by persistent irritation and/or infection, developing into cancer have been known for some time, there has been a notable resistance to contemplate the possibility that this association may apply in a causative way to other cancers. Examples for such progression from chronic inflammation to cancer are colon carcinoma developing with increased frequency in patients with ulcerative colitis, and the increased incidence of bladder cancer in patients suffering from chronic Schistosoma infection. Inflammation and cancer have been recognized to be linked in another context for many years, i.e., with regards to pathologies resembling chronic lacerations or 'wounds that do not heal.' More recently, the immunology of wound healing has given us clues as to the mechanistic link between inflammation and cancer, in as much as wounds and chronic inflammation turn off local cell-mediated immune responses and switch on growth factor release as well the growth of new blood vessels - angiogenesis. Both of these are features of most types of tumours, which suggest that tumours may require an immunologically shielded milieu and a growth factor-rich environment.