Practical Guide To Principal Component Methods In R
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Practical Guide To Principal Component Methods In R
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Author : Alboukadel KASSAMBARA
language : en
Publisher: STHDA
Release Date : 2017-08-23
Practical Guide To Principal Component Methods In R written by Alboukadel KASSAMBARA and has been published by STHDA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-23 with categories.
Although there are several good books on principal component methods (PCMs) and related topics, we felt that many of them are either too theoretical or too advanced. This book provides a solid practical guidance to summarize, visualize and interpret the most important information in a large multivariate data sets, using principal component methods in R. The visualization is based on the factoextra R package that we developed for creating easily beautiful ggplot2-based graphs from the output of PCMs. This book contains 4 parts. Part I provides a quick introduction to R and presents the key features of FactoMineR and factoextra. Part II describes classical principal component methods to analyze data sets containing, predominantly, either continuous or categorical variables. These methods include: Principal Component Analysis (PCA, for continuous variables), simple correspondence analysis (CA, for large contingency tables formed by two categorical variables) and Multiple CA (MCA, for a data set with more than 2 categorical variables). In Part III, you'll learn advanced methods for analyzing a data set containing a mix of variables (continuous and categorical) structured or not into groups: Factor Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD) and Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA). Part IV covers hierarchical clustering on principal components (HCPC), which is useful for performing clustering with a data set containing only categorical variables or with a mixed data of categorical and continuous variables.
Practical Guide To Cluster Analysis In R
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Author : Alboukadel Kassambara
language : en
Publisher: STHDA
Release Date : 2017-08-23
Practical Guide To Cluster Analysis In R written by Alboukadel Kassambara and has been published by STHDA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-23 with Cluster analysis categories.
Although there are several good books on unsupervised machine learning, we felt that many of them are too theoretical. This book provides practical guide to cluster analysis, elegant visualization and interpretation. It contains 5 parts. Part I provides a quick introduction to R and presents required R packages, as well as, data formats and dissimilarity measures for cluster analysis and visualization. Part II covers partitioning clustering methods, which subdivide the data sets into a set of k groups, where k is the number of groups pre-specified by the analyst. Partitioning clustering approaches include: K-means, K-Medoids (PAM) and CLARA algorithms. In Part III, we consider hierarchical clustering method, which is an alternative approach to partitioning clustering. The result of hierarchical clustering is a tree-based representation of the objects called dendrogram. In this part, we describe how to compute, visualize, interpret and compare dendrograms. Part IV describes clustering validation and evaluation strategies, which consists of measuring the goodness of clustering results. Among the chapters covered here, there are: Assessing clustering tendency, Determining the optimal number of clusters, Cluster validation statistics, Choosing the best clustering algorithms and Computing p-value for hierarchical clustering. Part V presents advanced clustering methods, including: Hierarchical k-means clustering, Fuzzy clustering, Model-based clustering and Density-based clustering.
A User S Guide To Principal Components
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Author : J. Edward Jackson
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2005-01-21
A User S Guide To Principal Components written by J. Edward Jackson and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-21 with Mathematics categories.
WILEY-INTERSCIENCE PAPERBACK SERIES The Wiley-Interscience Paperback Series consists of selectedbooks that have been made more accessible to consumers in an effortto increase global appeal and general circulation. With these newunabridged softcover volumes, Wiley hopes to extend the lives ofthese works by making them available to future generations ofstatisticians, mathematicians, and scientists. From the Reviews of A User’s Guide to PrincipalComponents "The book is aptly and correctly named–A User’sGuide. It is the kind of book that a user at any level, novice orskilled practitioner, would want to have at hand for autotutorial,for refresher, or as a general-purpose guide through the maze ofmodern PCA." –Technometrics "I recommend A User’s Guide to Principal Components toanyone who is running multivariate analyses, or who contemplatesperforming such analyses. Those who write their own software willfind the book helpful in designing better programs. Those who useoff-the-shelf software will find it invaluable in interpreting theresults." –Mathematical Geology
R For Political Data Science
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Author : Francisco Urdinez
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2020-11-18
R For Political Data Science written by Francisco Urdinez and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-18 with Political Science categories.
R for Political Data Science: A Practical Guide is a handbook for political scientists new to R who want to learn the most useful and common ways to interpret and analyze political data. It was written by political scientists, thinking about the many real-world problems faced in their work. The book has 16 chapters and is organized in three sections. The first, on the use of R, is for those users who are learning R or are migrating from another software. The second section, on econometric models, covers OLS, binary and survival models, panel data, and causal inference. The third section is a data science toolbox of some the most useful tools in the discipline: data imputation, fuzzy merge of large datasets, web mining, quantitative text analysis, network analysis, mapping, spatial cluster analysis, and principal component analysis. Key features: Each chapter has the most up-to-date and simple option available for each task, assuming minimal prerequisites and no previous experience in R Makes extensive use of the Tidyverse, the group of packages that has revolutionized the use of R Provides a step-by-step guide that you can replicate using your own data Includes exercises in every chapter for course use or self-study Focuses on practical-based approaches to statistical inference rather than mathematical formulae Supplemented by an R package, including all data As the title suggests, this book is highly applied in nature, and is designed as a toolbox for the reader. It can be used in methods and data science courses, at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. It will be equally useful for a university student pursuing a PhD, political consultants, or a public official, all of whom need to transform their datasets into substantive and easily interpretable conclusions.
Applied Unsupervised Learning With R
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Author : Alok Malik
language : en
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
Release Date : 2019-03-27
Applied Unsupervised Learning With R written by Alok Malik and has been published by Packt Publishing Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-27 with Computers categories.
Design clever algorithms that discover hidden patterns and draw responses from unstructured, unlabeled data. Key FeaturesBuild state-of-the-art algorithms that can solve your business' problemsLearn how to find hidden patterns in your dataRevise key concepts with hands-on exercises using real-world datasetsBook Description Starting with the basics, Applied Unsupervised Learning with R explains clustering methods, distribution analysis, data encoders, and features of R that enable you to understand your data better and get answers to your most pressing business questions. This book begins with the most important and commonly used method for unsupervised learning - clustering - and explains the three main clustering algorithms - k-means, divisive, and agglomerative. Following this, you'll study market basket analysis, kernel density estimation, principal component analysis, and anomaly detection. You'll be introduced to these methods using code written in R, with further instructions on how to work with, edit, and improve R code. To help you gain a practical understanding, the book also features useful tips on applying these methods to real business problems, including market segmentation and fraud detection. By working through interesting activities, you'll explore data encoders and latent variable models. By the end of this book, you will have a better understanding of different anomaly detection methods, such as outlier detection, Mahalanobis distances, and contextual and collective anomaly detection. What you will learnImplement clustering methods such as k-means, agglomerative, and divisiveWrite code in R to analyze market segmentation and consumer behaviorEstimate distribution and probabilities of different outcomesImplement dimension reduction using principal component analysisApply anomaly detection methods to identify fraudDesign algorithms with R and learn how to edit or improve codeWho this book is for Applied Unsupervised Learning with R is designed for business professionals who want to learn about methods to understand their data better, and developers who have an interest in unsupervised learning. Although the book is for beginners, it will be beneficial to have some basic, beginner-level familiarity with R. This includes an understanding of how to open the R console, how to read data, and how to create a loop. To easily understand the concepts of this book, you should also know basic mathematical concepts, including exponents, square roots, means, and medians.
Machine Learning Essentials
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Author : Alboukadel Kassambara
language : en
Publisher: STHDA
Release Date : 2018-03-10
Machine Learning Essentials written by Alboukadel Kassambara and has been published by STHDA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-10 with categories.
Discovering knowledge from big multivariate data, recorded every days, requires specialized machine learning techniques. This book presents an easy to use practical guide in R to compute the most popular machine learning methods for exploring real word data sets, as well as, for building predictive models. The main parts of the book include: A) Unsupervised learning methods, to explore and discover knowledge from a large multivariate data set using clustering and principal component methods. You will learn hierarchical clustering, k-means, principal component analysis and correspondence analysis methods. B) Regression analysis, to predict a quantitative outcome value using linear regression and non-linear regression strategies. C) Classification techniques, to predict a qualitative outcome value using logistic regression, discriminant analysis, naive bayes classifier and support vector machines. D) Advanced machine learning methods, to build robust regression and classification models using k-nearest neighbors methods, decision tree models, ensemble methods (bagging, random forest and boosting). E) Model selection methods, to select automatically the best combination of predictor variables for building an optimal predictive model. These include, best subsets selection methods, stepwise regression and penalized regression (ridge, lasso and elastic net regression models). We also present principal component-based regression methods, which are useful when the data contain multiple correlated predictor variables. F) Model validation and evaluation techniques for measuring the performance of a predictive model. G) Model diagnostics for detecting and fixing a potential problems in a predictive model. The book presents the basic principles of these tasks and provide many examples in R. This book offers solid guidance in data mining for students and researchers. Key features: - Covers machine learning algorithm and implementation - Key mathematical concepts are presented - Short, self-contained chapters with practical examples.
Principal Components Analysis
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Author : George H. Dunteman
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 1989-05
Principal Components Analysis written by George H. Dunteman and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989-05 with Mathematics categories.
For anyone in need of a concise, introductory guide to principal components analysis, this book is a must. Through an effective use of simple mathematical-geometrical and multiple real-life examples (such as crime statistics, indicators of drug abuse, and educational expenditures) -- and by minimizing the use of matrix algebra -- the reader can quickly master and put this technique to immediate use.
An Introduction To Applied Multivariate Analysis With R
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Author : Brian Everitt
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-04-23
An Introduction To Applied Multivariate Analysis With R written by Brian Everitt and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04-23 with Mathematics categories.
The majority of data sets collected by researchers in all disciplines are multivariate, meaning that several measurements, observations, or recordings are taken on each of the units in the data set. These units might be human subjects, archaeological artifacts, countries, or a vast variety of other things. In a few cases, it may be sensible to isolate each variable and study it separately, but in most instances all the variables need to be examined simultaneously in order to fully grasp the structure and key features of the data. For this purpose, one or another method of multivariate analysis might be helpful, and it is with such methods that this book is largely concerned. Multivariate analysis includes methods both for describing and exploring such data and for making formal inferences about them. The aim of all the techniques is, in general sense, to display or extract the signal in the data in the presence of noise and to find out what the data show us in the midst of their apparent chaos. An Introduction to Applied Multivariate Analysis with R explores the correct application of these methods so as to extract as much information as possible from the data at hand, particularly as some type of graphical representation, via the R software. Throughout the book, the authors give many examples of R code used to apply the multivariate techniques to multivariate data.
Practical Guide To Chemometrics
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Author : Paul Gemperline
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2006-04-16
Practical Guide To Chemometrics written by Paul Gemperline and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-16 with Mathematics categories.
The limited coverage of data analysis and statistics offered in most undergraduate and graduate analytical chemistry courses is usually focused on practical aspects of univariate methods. Drawing in real-world examples, Practical Guide to Chemometrics, Second Edition offers an accessible introduction to application-oriented multivariate meth
Principal Component Analysis
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Author : I.T. Jolliffe
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Principal Component Analysis written by I.T. Jolliffe and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Mathematics categories.
Principal component analysis is probably the oldest and best known of the It was first introduced by Pearson (1901), techniques ofmultivariate analysis. and developed independently by Hotelling (1933). Like many multivariate methods, it was not widely used until the advent of electronic computers, but it is now weIl entrenched in virtually every statistical computer package. The central idea of principal component analysis is to reduce the dimen sionality of a data set in which there are a large number of interrelated variables, while retaining as much as possible of the variation present in the data set. This reduction is achieved by transforming to a new set of variables, the principal components, which are uncorrelated, and which are ordered so that the first few retain most of the variation present in all of the original variables. Computation of the principal components reduces to the solution of an eigenvalue-eigenvector problem for a positive-semidefinite symmetrie matrix. Thus, the definition and computation of principal components are straightforward but, as will be seen, this apparently simple technique has a wide variety of different applications, as weIl as a number of different deri vations. Any feelings that principal component analysis is a narrow subject should soon be dispelled by the present book; indeed some quite broad topics which are related to principal component analysis receive no more than a brief mention in the final two chapters.