Principles And Practices For Using Scientific Advice In Government Decision Making
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Principles And Practices For Using Scientific Advice In Government Decision Making
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Author : William Smith
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Principles And Practices For Using Scientific Advice In Government Decision Making written by William Smith and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Public administration categories.
This report characterizes the international responses to the changing demands on the science policy process. Chapter 1 discusses the role of science advice in government decision making with regard to such issues as the science/policy interface, the decision-making environment, internal procedures & outside advice, quality control, risk assessment, science communications, and science in a social context. Chapters 2 & 3 review the key elements of different systems of science advising, best practices, and approaches to risk assessment & public communications in the European Union, New Zealand, the Nordic Union, the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, the World Bank, and national science academies. Chapter 4 contains case studies that examine the effective use of different principles for the incorporation of science into decision making. The final chapter reviews the main points & lessons learned.
The Government S Review Of The Principles Applying To The Treatment Of Independent Scientific Advice Provided To Government
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: The Stationery Office
Release Date : 2009
The Government S Review Of The Principles Applying To The Treatment Of Independent Scientific Advice Provided To Government written by and has been published by The Stationery Office this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Political Science categories.
The Government decided to consider and issue, by the end of December 2009, a set of principles applying to the treatment of independent scientific advice provided to Government. This followed the Home Secretary's dismissal of Professor David Nutt as chairman of the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs.
Scientific Advice Risk And Evidence Based Policy Making
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Author : Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Science and Technology Committee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Scientific Advice Risk And Evidence Based Policy Making written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Science and Technology Committee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Political Science categories.
This report presents the Committee's findings on the operation of the scientific advisory system as a whole. It builds on the case studies covered in three previous reports on MRI safety, the illegal drugs classification, and ID card technologies. The Committee recommends that the role of Government Chief Scientific Adviser (GCSA) be split from that of Head of the Office of Science and Innovation, to enable full attention to be given to the GCSA's cross-departmental functions. The GCSA would be better placed in a department, such as the Cabinet Office, which has cross-departmental responsibilities. The establishment of departmental CSAs is welcomed, but more needs to be done to ensure they maximize their contribution to strategic decision making and policy development within departments. The report also recommends the establishment of a Government Scientific Service to enhance scientific support in the civil service, and calls for greater involvement of learned societies and professional bodies in the advisory system. The Committee wants greater public investment in research to underpin evidence-based policy making, with the establishment of a cross-departmental fund to commission independent research. The short-term nature of the political cycle should be counterbalanced by embedding horizon scanning into the policy-making process. Transparency in policy making has improved, but more could be done. Valuable work on risk should be continued, and responsible coverage of risk by the media should be encouraged by greater involvement of departmental CSAs and greater clarity and consistency in public communication.
In The Chamber Of Risks
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Author : William Leiss
language : en
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Release Date : 2001-11-10
In The Chamber Of Risks written by William Leiss and has been published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-11-10 with Health & Fitness categories.
The essential problem is the failure to recognize that controversies over risks are "normal events" in modern society and as such will be with us for the foreseeable future. Three key propositions define these events: risk management decisions are inherently disputable; public perceptions of risk are legitimate and should be treated as such; the public needs to be intensively involved in the processes of risk evaluation and management. Leiss and his collaborators chronicle these organizational risks in a set of detailed case studies on genetically modified foods, cellular telephones, the notorious fuel additive MMT, pulp mill effluent, nuclear power, toxic substances legislation, tobacco, and the new type of "moral risks" associated with genetics technologies such as cloning. Contributors include Debora L. Van Nijnatten (Sir Wilfred Laurier University), Michael D. Mehta (University of Saskatchewan), Stephen Hill (University of Calgary), Éric Darier (Greenpeace), Greg Paoli (Decisionalysis Risk Consultants, Inc.), and Peter V. Hodson (Queen's University).
Responsible Science
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Author : Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (U.S.). Panel on Scientific Responsibility and the Conduct of Research
language : en
Publisher: National Academies
Release Date : 1992
Responsible Science written by Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (U.S.). Panel on Scientific Responsibility and the Conduct of Research and has been published by National Academies this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Business & Economics categories.
Responsible Science is a comprehensive review of factors that influence the integrity of the research process. Volume I examines reports on the incidence of misconduct in science and reviews institutional and governmental efforts to handle cases of misconduct. The result of a two-year study by a panel of experts convened by the National Academy of Sciences, this book critically analyzes the impact of today's research environment on the traditional checks and balances that foster integrity in science. Responsible Science is a provocative examination of the role of educational efforts; research guidelines; and the contributions of individual scientists, mentors, and institutional officials in encouraging responsible research practices.
Governing The Environment
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Author : School of Law and School of Natural Resources and the Environment Edward A Parson
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Release Date : 2001-01-01
Governing The Environment written by School of Law and School of Natural Resources and the Environment Edward A Parson and has been published by University of Toronto Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-01-01 with Political Science categories.
This collection of seven essays, authored by leading Canadian academics, examines different aspects of the relationship between government and environmental issues.
Science For Policy Handbook
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Author : Vladimir Sucha
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2020-07-29
Science For Policy Handbook written by Vladimir Sucha and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-29 with Business & Economics categories.
Science for Policy Handbook provides advice on how to bring science to the attention of policymakers. This resource is dedicated to researchers and research organizations aiming to achieve policy impacts. The book includes lessons learned along the way, advice on new skills, practices for individual researchers, elements necessary for institutional change, and knowledge areas and processes in which to invest. It puts co-creation at the centre of Science for Policy 2.0, a more integrated model of knowledge-policy relationship. Covers the vital area of science for policymaking Includes contributions from leading practitioners from the Joint Research Centre/European Commission Provides key skills based on the science-policy interface needed for effective evidence-informed policymaking Presents processes of knowledge production relevant for a more holistic science-policy relationship, along with the types of knowledge that are useful in policymaking
Improving Regulatory Governance Trends Practices And The Way Forward
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2017-09-05
Improving Regulatory Governance Trends Practices And The Way Forward written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-05 with categories.
Jointly developed by the OECD and the Korean Development Institute, this report presents cutting-edge thinking in how to facilitate good regulatory design and implementation.
Fostering Integrity In Research
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2018-01-13
Fostering Integrity In Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-13 with Science categories.
The integrity of knowledge that emerges from research is based on individual and collective adherence to core values of objectivity, honesty, openness, fairness, accountability, and stewardship. Integrity in science means that the organizations in which research is conducted encourage those involved to exemplify these values in every step of the research process. Understanding the dynamics that support â€" or distort â€" practices that uphold the integrity of research by all participants ensures that the research enterprise advances knowledge. The 1992 report Responsible Science: Ensuring the Integrity of the Research Process evaluated issues related to scientific responsibility and the conduct of research. It provided a valuable service in describing and analyzing a very complicated set of issues, and has served as a crucial basis for thinking about research integrity for more than two decades. However, as experience has accumulated with various forms of research misconduct, detrimental research practices, and other forms of misconduct, as subsequent empirical research has revealed more about the nature of scientific misconduct, and because technological and social changes have altered the environment in which science is conducted, it is clear that the framework established more than two decades ago needs to be updated. Responsible Science served as a valuable benchmark to set the context for this most recent analysis and to help guide the committee's thought process. Fostering Integrity in Research identifies best practices in research and recommends practical options for discouraging and addressing research misconduct and detrimental research practices.
Scientific Advice And Evidence In Emergencies
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Author : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Science and Technology Committee
language : en
Publisher: The Stationery Office
Release Date : 2011-03-02
Scientific Advice And Evidence In Emergencies written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Science and Technology Committee and has been published by The Stationery Office this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-02 with Political Science categories.
In this report, the Science and Technology Committee examines how scientific advice and evidence is used in national emergencies, when the Government and scientific advisory system are put under great pressure to deal with atypical situations. The inquiry focused on four case studies: (i) the 2009-10 H1N1 influenza pandemic (swine flu); (ii) the April 2010 volcanic ash disruption; (iii) space weather; and (iv) cyber attacks. While science is used effectively to aid responses to emergencies, the detachment of the Government Chief Scientific Adviser (GCSA) from the National Risk Assessment (NRA) - the key process of risk evaluation carried out by the Cabinet Office - is a serious concern. The Committee recommends that the NRA should not be signed off until the GCSA is satisfied that all risks requiring scientific input and judgements have been properly considered. A new independent scientific advisory committee should be set up to advise the Cabinet on risk assessment and review the NRA. The Icelandic volcanic eruption in April 2010 is a stark example of the lack of scientific input in risk assessment: the risk of disruption to aviation caused by a natural disaster was dropped from the assessment process in 2009, despite warnings from earth scientists. There are concerns over how risk was communicated to the public during the 2009-10 swine flu pandemic are raised in the report, with sensationalised media reporting about the projected deaths from swine flu. The Scientific Advisory Groups in Emergencies, set up to advise government during emergencies, were found to work in an unnecessarily secretive way.