Processing Of Heavy Crude Oils
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Processing Of Heavy Crude Oils
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Author : Ramasamy Marappa Gounder
language : en
Publisher: Intechopen
Release Date : 2019
Processing Of Heavy Crude Oils written by Ramasamy Marappa Gounder and has been published by Intechopen this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Science categories.
Unconventional heavy crude oils are replacing the conventional light crude oils slowly but steadily as a major energy source. Heavy crude oils are cheaper and present an opportunity to the refiners to process them with higher profit margins. However, the unfavourable characteristics of heavy crude oils such as high viscosity, low API gravity, low H/C ratio, chemical complexity with high asphaltenes content, high acidity, high sulfur and increased level of metal and heteroatom impurities impede extraction, pumping, transportation and processing. Very poor mobility of the heavy oils, due to very high viscosities, significantly affects production and transportation. Techniques for viscosity reduction, drag reduction and in-situ upgrading of the crude oil to improve the flow characteristics in pipelines are presented in this book. The heavier and complex molecules of asphaltenes with low H/C ratios present many technological challenges during the refining of the crude oil, such as heavy coking on catalysts. Hydrogen addition and carbon removal are the two approaches used to improve the recovery of value-added products such as gasoline and diesel. In addition, the heavy crude oil needs pre-treatment to remove the high levels of impurities before the crude oil can be refined. This book introduces the major challenges and some of the methods to overcome them.
Hydroprocessing Of Heavy Oils And Residua
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Author : Jorge Ancheyta
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2007-05-08
Hydroprocessing Of Heavy Oils And Residua written by Jorge Ancheyta and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-08 with Science categories.
Many oil refineries employ hydroprocessing for removing sulfur and other impurities from petroleum feedstocks. Capable of handling heavier feedstocks than other refining techniques, hydroprocessing enables refineries to produce higher quality products from unconventional- and formerly wasted- sources. Hydroprocessing of Heavy Oils and Residua
Crude Oil Chemistry
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Author : Vasily Simanzhenkov
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2003-08-12
Crude Oil Chemistry written by Vasily Simanzhenkov and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-08-12 with Science categories.
Crude Oil Chemistry is foremost a scientifically exact guide to the full family of classical and modern analytical and process technologies in petroleum refining. In widening its vision also to incorporate a geological history of petroleum formation, present-day geopolitical and economic issues, and approaches to redress and improve the delicate ties between the petroleum industry and the environment, this reference succeeds as a total representation of the factors going into the chemistry of crude oil and their outward bound ramifications. The book thoroughly evaluates the chemistry and processing of low API gravity high-sulfur heavy crude oil increasingly relied on in the industry.
Heavy Crude Oils
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Author : Alain-Yves Huc
language : en
Publisher: Editions TECHNIP
Release Date : 2011
Heavy Crude Oils written by Alain-Yves Huc and has been published by Editions TECHNIP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Science categories.
Heavy oils, extra-heavy oils and tar sands are major players for the future of energy.They represent a massive world resource, at least the size of conventional oils. They are found all over the world but Canada and Venezuela together account, by themselves, for more than half of world deposits. They share the same origin as the lighter conventional oils, but their geological fate drove them into thick, viscous tar-like crude oils. Most of them result from alteration processes mediated by microbial degradation. They are characterized by a low content of lighter cuts and a high content of impurities such as sulfur and nitrogen compounds and metals ; so, their production is difficult and deployment of specific processes is required in order to enhance their transportability and to upgrade them into valuable products meeting market needs, and honouring environmental requirements.Although these resources are increasingly becoming commercially producible, less than 1% of total heavy crude oil deposits worldwide are under active development. The voluntarily wide scope of this volume encompasses geology, production, transportation, upgrading, economics and environmental issues of heavy oils. It does not pretend to be exhaustive, but to provide an authoritative view of this very important energy resource.
Fundamentals Of Petroleum Refining
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Author : Mohamed A. Fahim
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2009-11-19
Fundamentals Of Petroleum Refining written by Mohamed A. Fahim and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-11-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Fundamentals of Petroleum Refining presents the fundamentals of thermodynamics and kinetics, and it explains the scientific background essential for understanding refinery operations. The text also provides a detailed introduction to refinery engineering topics, ranging from the basic principles and unit operations to overall refinery economics. The book covers important topics, such as clean fuels, gasification, biofuels, and environmental impact of refining, which are not commonly discussed in most refinery textbooks. Throughout the source, problem sets and examples are given to help the reader practice and apply the fundamental principles of refining. Chapters 1-10 can be used as core materials for teaching undergraduate courses. The first two chapters present an introduction to the petroleum refining industry and then focus on feedstocks and products. Thermophysical properties of crude oils and petroleum fractions, including processes of atmospheric and vacuum distillations, are discussed in Chapters 3 and 4. Conversion processes, product blending, and alkylation are covered in chapters 5-10. The remaining chapters discuss hydrogen production, clean fuel production, refining economics and safety, acid gas treatment and removal, and methods for environmental and effluent treatments. This source can serve both professionals and students (on undergraduate and graduate levels) of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Chemistry, and Chemical Technology. Beginners in the engineering field, specifically in the oil and gas industry, may also find this book invaluable. - Provides balanced coverage of fundamental and operational topics - Includes spreadsheets and process simulators for showing trends and simulation case studies - Relates processing to planning and management to give an integrated picture of refining
Process Chemistry Of Petroleum Macromolecules
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Author : Irwin A. Wiehe
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2008-06-20
Process Chemistry Of Petroleum Macromolecules written by Irwin A. Wiehe and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-06-20 with Science categories.
Although there is a shortage of light petroleum, there is plenty of heavy petroleum rich in macromolecules available, creating an increasing interest for processes that can convert heavy oils to light oils. Process Chemistry of Petroleum Macromolecules provides the scientific basis for such processes, presenting methods to determine improvement potential. Topics include characterization, thermal kinetics, phase behavior, and separation. Revealing that the science of petroleum macromolecules is simpler and more exciting than imagined, it also discusses macromolecules that self-associate, liquid crystalline phases, reactions triggered by phase separation, and both dispersed and dissolved solutes.
Oil In The Sea Iii
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2003-03-14
Oil In The Sea Iii written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-03-14 with Science categories.
Since the early 1970s, experts have recognized that petroleum pollutants were being discharged in marine waters worldwide, from oil spills, vessel operations, and land-based sources. Public attention to oil spills has forced improvements. Still, a considerable amount of oil is discharged yearly into sensitive coastal environments. Oil in the Sea provides the best available estimate of oil pollutant discharge into marine waters, including an evaluation of the methods for assessing petroleum load and a discussion about the concerns these loads represent. Featuring close-up looks at the Exxon Valdez spill and other notable events, the book identifies important research questions and makes recommendations for better analysis ofâ€"and more effective measures againstâ€"pollutant discharge. The book discusses: Inputâ€"where the discharges come from, including the role of two-stroke engines used on recreational craft. Behavior or fateâ€"how oil is affected by processes such as evaporation as it moves through the marine environment. Effectsâ€"what we know about the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine organisms and ecosystems. Providing a needed update on a problem of international importance, this book will be of interest to energy policy makers, industry officials and managers, engineers and researchers, and advocates for the marine environment.
Spills Of Diluted Bitumen From Pipelines
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Spills Of Diluted Bitumen From Pipelines written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Practical Advances In Petroleum Processing
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Author : Chang Samuel Hsu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-01-10
Practical Advances In Petroleum Processing written by Chang Samuel Hsu and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-10 with Science categories.
Includes topics not found together in books on petroleum processing: economics, automation, process modeling, online optimization, safety, environmental protection Combines overviews of petroleum composition, refinery processes, process automation, and environmental protection with comprehensive chapters on recent advances in hydroprocessing, FCC, lubricants, hydrogen management Gives diverse perspectives, both geographic and topical, because contributors include experts from eight different countries in North America, Europe and Asia, representing oil companies, universities, catalyst vendors, process licensors, consultants and engineering contractors