Spills Of Diluted Bitumen From Pipelines
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Spills Of Diluted Bitumen From Pipelines
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2016-03-22
Spills Of Diluted Bitumen From Pipelines written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-22 with Nature categories.
Diluted bitumen has been transported by pipeline in the United States for more than 40 years, with the amount increasing recently as a result of improved extraction technologies and resulting increases in production and exportation of Canadian diluted bitumen. The increased importation of Canadian diluted bitumen to the United States has strained the existing pipeline capacity and contributed to the expansion of pipeline mileage over the past 5 years. Although rising North American crude oil production has resulted in greater transport of crude oil by rail or tanker, oil pipelines continue to deliver the vast majority of crude oil supplies to U.S. refineries. Spills of Diluted Bitumen from Pipelines examines the current state of knowledge and identifies the relevant properties and characteristics of the transport, fate, and effects of diluted bitumen and commonly transported crude oils when spilled in the environment. This report assesses whether the differences between properties of diluted bitumen and those of other commonly transported crude oils warrant modifications to the regulations governing spill response plans and cleanup. Given the nature of pipeline operations, response planning, and the oil industry, the recommendations outlined in this study are broadly applicable to other modes of transportation as well.
Spills Of Diluted Bitumen From Pipelines
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Spills Of Diluted Bitumen From Pipelines written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
The Dilbit Disaster
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Author : Elizabeth McGowan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016-10-19
The Dilbit Disaster written by Elizabeth McGowan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-19 with categories.
InsideClimate News won the 2013 Pulitzer Prize in national reporting for this four-part narrative and six follow-up reports into an oil spill most Americans have never heard of. More than 1 million gallons of oil spilled into the Kalamazoo River in July 2010, triggering the most expensive cleanup in U.S. history -- more than 3/4 of a billion dollars -- and after almost two years the cleanup still isn't finished. Why not? Because the underground pipeline that ruptured was carrying diluted bitumen, or dilbit, the dirtiest, stickiest oil used today. It's the same kind of oil that the controversial Keystone XL pipeline could someday carry across the nation's largest drinking water aquifer. Written as a narrative, this page-turner takes an inside look at what happened to two families, a community, unprepared agencies and an inept company during an environmental disaster involving a new kind of oil few people know much about.
Dilbit Disaster
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Author : Elizabeth McGowan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Dilbit Disaster written by Elizabeth McGowan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Bitumen categories.
More than 1 million gallons of oil spilled into the Kalamazoo River in July 2010, triggering the most expensive cleanup in U.S. history -- more than 3/4 of a billion dollars -- and after almost two years the cleanup still isn't finished. Why not? Because the underground pipeline that ruptured was carrying diluted bitumen, or dilbit, the dirtiest, stickiest oil used today. It's the same kind of oil that the controversial Keystone XL pipeline could someday carry across the nation's largest drinking water aquifer. Written as a narrative, this page-turner takes an inside look at what happened to two families, a community, unprepared agencies and an inept company during an environmental disaster involving a new kind of oil few people know much about.
Effects Of Diluted Bitumen On Crude Oil Transmission Pipelines
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board National Research
Release Date : 2013
Effects Of Diluted Bitumen On Crude Oil Transmission Pipelines written by and has been published by Transportation Research Board National Research this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Bitumen categories.
"Effects of Diluted Bitumen on Crude Oil Transmission Pipelines TRB Special Report 311: Effects of Diluted Bitumen on Crude Oil Transmission Pipelines analyzes whether shipments of diluted bitumen have a greater likelihood of release from pipelines than shipments of other crude oils. The oil sands region of Canada is the source of diluted bitumen shipped by pipeline to the United States. The committee that produced the report did not find any pipeline failures unique to the transportation of diluted bitumen or evidence of physical or chemical properties of diluted bitumen shipments that are outside the range of those of other crude oil shipments. The committee's comprehensive review did not find evidence of any specific aspect of the transportation of diluted bitumen that would make it more likely than other crude oils to cause pipeline releases"--Provided by publisher.
Tar Sands Pipelines Safety Risks
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Author : Anthony Swift
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Tar Sands Pipelines Safety Risks written by Anthony Swift and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Bitumen categories.
The risks of corrosion and the abrasive nature of DilBit As tar sands oil companies send increasing volumes of DilBit are made worse by the relatively high heat and pressure at to the United States, the risks of pipeline spills are becoming which these pipelines are operated in order to move the thick more apparent. [...] The characteristics pressure of the natural gas liquid condensate used to dilute of DilBit create challenges for cleanup efforts in rivers and the DilBit increase the risk of the leaked material exploding.41 wetland environments. [...] Over half of the pipelines currently operating in Alberta area where residents could notify authorities of the spill and have been built in the last twenty years as the tar sands region significant private spill response equipment was nearby, other developed.63 In contrast, the majority of hazardous liquid DilBit pipelines cross significantly more remote areas.57 In pipelines in the United States [...] While differences in data collection and regulations -. Stephen Hamilton, professor of Aquatic Ecology between Alberta and the United States make it impossible to make a clear comparison of this data, the higher internal at Michigan State University and the President of corrosion rates in Alberta certainly raise the yet unanswered the Kalamazoo River Watershed Council question of whether the prope [...] The river is of vital use 963 In Kansas, the proposed Keystone XL pipeline for fishermen and recreationalists, and is a major irrigation source for would cross native prairies and may affect critically farmers and ranchers.78 17401 designated habitat for the federally endangered 8 Topeka Shiner minnow.72 Mississippi River 52 The Keystone pipeline crosses the Mississippi River in Missouri, near 9 6.
The Effects Of A Simulated Spill Of Diluted Bitumen On Invertebrates In A Boreal Lake Environment
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Author : Tyler Andrew Black
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
The Effects Of A Simulated Spill Of Diluted Bitumen On Invertebrates In A Boreal Lake Environment written by Tyler Andrew Black and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
To bring bitumen from Canada's Oil Sands to market requires transportation over sensitive boreal environments via rail, truck, and pipeline. With proposed expansion of pipeline infrastructure, there is a need for whole-ecosystem research evaluating fate and toxicity of oil spills specific to freshwater environments; the Boreal Lake Oil Release Experiment by Additions to Limnocorrals (BOREAL) aimed to address this. The BOREAL study was conducted in an oligotrophic lake (Lake 260) at the IISD-Experimental Lakes Area in Summer 2018. Nine 10-metre diameter, ~ 100-m3, limnocorrals were deployed, with seven treated with different volumes of a diluted bitumen product in a regression design accompanied by two reference limnocorrals. Dilbit volumes ranged from 1.5 L to 180 L, which is representative of historical oil:water ratios for pipeline spills in North America between the 50th and 99th centile (2008-2018). Zooplankton, emerging insects, and benthic invertebrates were monitored pre- and post-spill for abundance and community composition. By 13 days post-spill, zooplankton abundance had decreased in all limnocorrals and did not recover to pre-treatment values, with rotifers becoming the dominant phylum. No discernable impact based on treatment to zooplankton community diversity was observed. No impact was observed to resident benthic invertebrate communities relative to control limnocorrals; however, a concentration-response decline was observed in total insect emergence. Emergence rate declines were confounded by benthic impacts and presence of submerged oil and will require further work to elucidate drivers of long-term impacts. The physical component of oil was observed to be the likely driver of pleuston (water striders) immobility and mortality.
Trb Special Report 311
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Trb Special Report 311 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
The American Energy Initiative Part 10 Serial No 112 63 112 1 Hearing
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
The American Energy Initiative Part 10 Serial No 112 63 112 1 Hearing written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Heavy Fuel Oil Hfo
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Author : Janne Fritt-Rasmussen
language : en
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Release Date : 2018-10-29
Heavy Fuel Oil Hfo written by Janne Fritt-Rasmussen and has been published by Nordic Council of Ministers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Shipping activities across the Artic are expected to increase with decreasing sea ice cover, thus increasing the risk of oil spills. Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO, a mixture of residual fuel and distillate diluent) is often used as fuel in marine vessels as it is relatively cheaper than e.g. lighter marine fuels. Knowledge about fate and behaviour of HFOs is important to select the most efficient countermeasures in an oil spill situation as well as in the risk assessment of possible oil spills in cold waters. The aim of this review is to collate and strengthen the knowledge base on HFO in cold seawater, its fate and behaviour, including weathering, biodegradation, environmental implications of HFO spills and HFO spill response including environmental considerations regarding use the of chemical dispersants and in situ burning. Knowledge gaps and research needs are identified and described.