Pulpwood Plantations
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Pulping The South
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Author : Ricardo Carriere
language : en
Publisher: Zed Books
Release Date : 1996-08-15
Pulping The South written by Ricardo Carriere and has been published by Zed Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-08-15 with Business & Economics categories.
The expansion of the pulp and paper industry is one of the most important causes of land and water conflicts in the South. This book examines the threat to livelihood, soil and biodiversity generated by large-scale pulpwood plantations in the South.
Pulpwood Plantations
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Pulpwood Plantations written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Pulpwood crops categories.
Impacts Of Industrial Timber Plantations In Indonesia An Analysis Of Rural Populations Perceptions In Sumatra Kalimantan And Java
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Author : Romain Pirard
language : en
Publisher: CIFOR
Release Date : 2016-06-09
Impacts Of Industrial Timber Plantations In Indonesia An Analysis Of Rural Populations Perceptions In Sumatra Kalimantan And Java written by Romain Pirard and has been published by CIFOR this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-09 with categories.
Industrial timber plantations are controversial in many parts of the world. Indonesia provides an interesting case study, with its history of conflicts over land use and current ambitions for plantation expansion. This study investigated perceived impacts of plantations on nearby rural populations. A survey was conducted of 606 respondents across three islands (Java, Borneo and Sumatra), three tree species (acacia, teak and pine) and three end uses (pulpwood, timber production and resin production). In addition, a Q-method analysis was conducted at a site with an established pulpwood plantation in order to identify significantly diverse perceptions of the plantation among villagers. The methods were combined to arrive at a representative view of these perceptions and expectations. Results illustrate a diversity of viewpoints among villagers, with perceptions varying from general dissatisfaction to enthusiasm. Perceptions of pine and teak plantations tend to differ from acacia pulpwood plantations. For pine and teak, respondents reported a higher number and greater variety of benefits and services, higher number of perceived positive impacts in general, a better environmental record, and more opportunities to use plantation land and products for rural livelihoods. These results contrast with the heavy focus around acacia plantations on economic development and infrastructure. Hence, acacia plantations enjoy some level of recognition for opening up remote areas and providing infrastructure and services that are traditionally the responsibility of the state. Data were disaggregated by gender to enable further analysis, and offer a general indication that plantation development has not affected women more negatively than men. Our analysis leads to several clear directions for the improvement of plantation management. The role of the state must be clarified and potentially reinforced, except if the burden of development, including that of infrastructure, is to remain the responsibility of companies. Lessons can be drawn from the teak and pine cases in Java as to the performance of institutions that act as intermediaries between companies and people. Contributions by communities should be facilitated early in the planning stages, and this should apply in particular to land claims, to the organization of the labor force (including the privileged form of work contract), to the spatial distribution of the plantation in order to leave aside areas of local value, and to options for land sharing, as this is a major vehicle for fruitful coexistence.
Multiple Product Yield Estimates For Unthinned Slash Pine Plantations
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Author : Frank A. Bennett
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968
Multiple Product Yield Estimates For Unthinned Slash Pine Plantations written by Frank A. Bennett and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with Slash pine categories.
Plantation And Agroforestry Pulpwood Value Chain Approach
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Author : K.T. Parthiban
language : en
Publisher: Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2017-02-01
Plantation And Agroforestry Pulpwood Value Chain Approach written by K.T. Parthiban and has been published by Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Employment In Industrial Timber Plantations
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Author : Betelhem Negede
language : en
Publisher: CIFOR
Release Date : 2015-05-26
Employment In Industrial Timber Plantations written by Betelhem Negede and has been published by CIFOR this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-26 with Electronic book categories.
Highlights Global experience of employment generation in timber plantations shows contrasting outcomes including in terms of rural development, but there are also commonalities such as poor working conditions, seasonality of employment and relatively low labor intensity over large areas compared to other land uses.Ethiopia conforms to this pattern, based on a case study of an industrial timber plantation, with low wages and reliance on casual jobs without formal contracts in a rural context of a weak labor market with few employment opportunities.Gender wise, the opportunities are uneven with a large majority of positions filled by men resulting in a marginal involvement of women, and a great potential for improvements in this field.Employees with agricultural land (a minority) appreciate the provision of additional sources of incomes, and the flexibility in work arrangement that allows them to simultaneously engage in agricultural activities. However, we also notice that daily labor as the main model of employment has serious implications with respect to social security and various benefits that would be associated to labor contracts.As the Government of Ethiopia is committed to promote afforestation and reforestation on 7 million hectares (ha) in view of making the country self-sufficient in wood, enhancing carbon sequestration and supporting green growth, these lessons would be usefully applied in the future. There are indeed great expectations that timber plantations and processing units will create significant rural and urban employment opportunities.
Plantations And Protected Areas
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Author : Brett M. Bennett
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2015-12-04
Plantations And Protected Areas written by Brett M. Bennett and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-04 with Science categories.
How global forest management shifted from an integrated conservation model to a bifurcated system of timber plantations and protected areas. Today, the world's forests are threatened by global warming, growing demand for wood products, and increasing pressure to clear tropical forests for agricultural use. Economic globalization has enabled Western corporations to export timber processing jobs and import cheap wood products from developing countries. Timber plantations of exotic, fast-growing species supply an ever-larger amount of the world's wood. In response, many countries have established forest areas protected from development. In this book, Brett Bennett views today's forestry issues from a historical perspective. The separation of wood production from the protection of forests, he shows, stems from entangled environmental, social, political, and economic factors. This divergence—driven by the concomitant intensification of production and creation of vast protected areas—is reshaping forest management systems both public and private. Bennett shows that plantations and protected areas evolved from, and then undermined, an earlier integrated forest management system that sought both to produce timber and to conserve the environment. He describes the development of the science and profession of forestry in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Europe; discusses the twentieth-century creation of timber plantations in the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Australia; and examines the controversies over deforestation that led to the establishment of protected areas. Bennett argues that the problems associated with the bifurcation of forest management—including the loss of forestry knowledge necessary to manage large ecosystems for diverse purposes—suggest that a more integrated model would be preferable.
Timber Plantations In The Humid Tropics Of Africa
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Author : Bernard Dupuy
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 1993
Timber Plantations In The Humid Tropics Of Africa written by Bernard Dupuy and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Impacts Of Industrial Tree Plantations In Indonesia Exploring Local Perceptions
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Author : Romain Pirard
language : en
Publisher: CIFOR
Release Date : 2016-09-26
Impacts Of Industrial Tree Plantations In Indonesia Exploring Local Perceptions written by Romain Pirard and has been published by CIFOR this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-26 with categories.
Key messages Based on a survey about perceptions of industrial tree plantations of 606 respondents living in the vicinity of such plantations over three Indonesian islands, we find a clear divide, with evidence of more negative perceptions around acacia (pulp and paper) plantations in Sumatra and Kalimantan compared with those around pine (resin and timber) and teak (timber) in Java.Acacia pulpwood plantations develop in more remote areas, where they contribute to opening up jobs and infrastructure; these facts are only partly acknowledged by local populations, as expectations have not been fully met. The plantations generate manynegative impacts such as deprivation of access to land for locals, environmental damage such as loss of biodiversity, and various annoyances such as dust or noise.Pine and teak plantations are usually found in more developed areas and have a much longer presence in the landscape, dating from before Independence in many cases; they are therefore much less associated to negative changes, and their contributions to local development through the provision of jobs or environmental services are acknowledged.Intermediary institutions have already proved their effectiveness in the Javanese context with pine and teak plantations, and could be mainstreamed with support from the government.We find reasons to hope for better impacts if proper management decisions are made. For instance, companies can adapt rotation periods and involve local people early in the planning process in order to satisfy the most important needs and requests, mitigate risks of conflicts, and eventually improve local impacts.
Large Scale Plantations Bioenergy Developments And Land Use Change In Indonesia
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Author : Anne Casson
language : en
Publisher: CIFOR
Release Date : 2014-12-29
Large Scale Plantations Bioenergy Developments And Land Use Change In Indonesia written by Anne Casson and has been published by CIFOR this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-29 with Electronic book categories.
Indonesia's forests make up one of the worlds most biologically diverse ecosystems. They have long been harvested by local people to meet their daily needs. Since the 1970s, a combination of demographic, economic and policy factors has driven forest exploitation at the industrial scale and resulted in growing deforestation. Key factors behind the forest loss and land use change in present-day Indonesia are the expansion of oil palm, plywood production and pulp and paper industries. Oil palm has been one of the fastest-growing sectors of the Indonesian economy, increasing from less than 1 million hectares in 1991 to 8.9 million hectares in 2011. The plywood and pulp and paper industries have also expanded significantly since the log export ban in 1985. All three sectors have contributed to deforestation. Several measures are being taken to reduce the loss of tropical forests in Indonesia. These measures are driven by growing global concern about the impact of deforestation on biodiversity and global warming and the Indonesian governments commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A major policy initiative revolves around developing renewable energy from biomass that can be sourced from oil palm, sugar, cassava, jatropha and timber plantations. This paper analyzes these measures and assesses the conditions under which they may be most effective.