Pyramidal Architectures For Computer Vision
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Pyramidal Architectures For Computer Vision
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Author : Virginio Cantoni
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Pyramidal Architectures For Computer Vision written by Virginio Cantoni and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Computer vision deals with the problem of manipulating information contained in large quantities of sensory data, where raw data emerge from the transducing 6 7 sensors at rates between 10 to 10 pixels per second. Conventional general purpose computers are unable to achieve the computation rates required to op erate in real time or even in near real time, so massively parallel systems have been used since their conception in this important practical application area. The development of massively parallel computers was initially character ized by efforts to reach a speedup factor equal to the number of processing elements (linear scaling assumption). This behavior pattern can nearly be achieved only when there is a perfect match between the computational struc ture or data structure and the system architecture. The theory of hierarchical modular systems (HMSs) has shown that even a small number of hierarchical levels can sizably increase the effectiveness of very large systems. In fact, in the last decade several hierarchical architectures that support capabilities which can overcome performances gained with the assumption of linear scaling have been proposed. Of these architectures, the most commonly considered in com puter vision is the one based on a very large number of processing elements (PEs) embedded in a pyramidal structure. Pyramidal architectures supply the same image at different resolution lev els, thus ensuring the use of the most appropriate resolution for the operation, task, and image at hand.
Pyramidal Systems For Computer Vision
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Author : Virginio Cantoni
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Pyramidal Systems For Computer Vision written by Virginio Cantoni and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
This book contains the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop held in Maratea (Italy), May 5-9, 1986 on Pyramidal Systems for Image Processing and Computer Vision. We had 40 participants from 11 countries playing an active part in the workshop and all the leaders of groups that have produced a prototype pyramid machine or a design for such a machine were present. Within the wide field of parallel architectures for image processing a new area was recently born and is growing healthily: the area of pyramidally structured multiprocessing systems. Essentially, the processors are arranged in planes (from a base to an apex) each one of which is generally a reduced (usually by a power of two) version of the plane underneath: these processors are horizontally interconnected (within a plane) and vertically connected with "fathers" (on top planes) and "children" on the plane below. This arrangement has a number of interesting features, all of which were amply discussed in our Workshop including the cellular array and hypercube versions of pyramids. A number of projects (in different parts of the world) are reported as well as some interesting applications in computer vision, tactile systems and numerical calculations.
A Pyramid Framework For Early Vision
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Author : Jean-Michel Jolion
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
A Pyramid Framework For Early Vision written by Jean-Michel Jolion and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Biological visual systems employ massively parallel processing to perform real-world visual tasks in real time. A key to this remarkable performance seems to be that biological systems construct representations of their visual image data at multiple scales. A Pyramid Framework for Early Vision describes a multiscale, or `pyramid', approach to vision, including its theoretical foundations, a set of pyramid-based modules for image processing, object detection, texture discrimination, contour detection and processing, feature detection and description, and motion detection and tracking. It also shows how these modules can be implemented very efficiently on hypercube-connected processor networks. A Pyramid Framework for Early Vision is intended for both students of vision and vision system designers; it provides a general approach to vision systems design as well as a set of robust, efficient vision modules.
Hierarchical Neural Networks For Image Interpretation
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Author : Sven Behnke
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2003-11-18
Hierarchical Neural Networks For Image Interpretation written by Sven Behnke and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-11-18 with Computers categories.
Human performance in visual perception by far exceeds the performance of contemporary computer vision systems. While humans are able to perceive their environment almost instantly and reliably under a wide range of conditions, computer vision systems work well only under controlled conditions in limited domains. This book sets out to reproduce the robustness and speed of human perception by proposing a hierarchical neural network architecture for iterative image interpretation. The proposed architecture can be trained using unsupervised and supervised learning techniques. Applications of the proposed architecture are illustrated using small networks. Furthermore, several larger networks were trained to perform various nontrivial computer vision tasks.
Pyramidal Neural Networks
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Author : Horst Bischof
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1995
Pyramidal Neural Networks written by Horst Bischof and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Computers categories.
A large amount of information about the world we live in is supplied by our visual systems. Humans perform the task of vision effortlessly without being aware of this complex process. Hierarchical structures permit successful examination of such intricate operations. This book investigates hierarchical-structured neural networks for vision and image processing tasks and proposes various new neural network models for that purpose. It exploits the capabilities of hierarchical neural networks in a systematic way by considering the similarities to hierarchical structures already in use by computer vision researchers. All issues of hierarchical neural networks are treated in considerable detail; that is, the structure of the network, the representation issue, and learning mechanisms are analyzed theoretically as well as experimentally. Considering the similarity between conventional vision algorithms and hierarchical neural networks not only allows a transfer of knowledge between these two fields, but also gives voice to many new algorithms.
Architectures For Computer Vision
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Author : Hong Jeong
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2014-08-05
Architectures For Computer Vision written by Hong Jeong and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-05 with Computers categories.
This book provides comprehensive coverage of 3D vision systems, from vision models and state-of-the-art algorithms to their hardware architectures for implementation on DSPs, FPGA and ASIC chips, and GPUs. It aims to fill the gaps between computer vision algorithms and real-time digital circuit implementations, especially with Verilog HDL design. The organization of this book is vision and hardware module directed, based on Verilog vision modules, 3D vision modules, parallel vision architectures, and Verilog designs for the stereo matching system with various parallel architectures. Provides Verilog vision simulators, tailored to the design and testing of general vision chips Bridges the differences between C/C++ and HDL to encompass both software realization and chip implementation; includes numerous examples that realize vision algorithms and general vision processing in HDL Unique in providing an organized and complete overview of how a real-time 3D vision system-on-chip can be designed Focuses on the digital VLSI aspects and implementation of digital signal processing tasks on hardware platforms such as ASICs and FPGAs for 3D vision systems, which have not been comprehensively covered in one single book Provides a timely view of the pervasive use of vision systems and the challenges of fusing information from different vision modules Accompanying website includes software and HDL code packages to enhance further learning and develop advanced systems A solution set and lecture slides are provided on the book's companion website The book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in computer vision and embedded systems, as well as chip and FPGA designers. Senior undergraduate students specializing in VLSI design or computer vision will also find the book to be helpful in understanding advanced applications.
Multicomputer Vision
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Author : S. Levialdi
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1988-01-01
Multicomputer Vision written by S. Levialdi and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-01-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Multicomputer Vision is a collection of papers and discussions presented at the 8th Workshop on Multicomputers, held in Rome, Italy on June 2-5, 1987. Contributors present multicomputer algorithms for image processing, evaluation and suggestions on multicomputer systems, and new designs in advanced architectures for computer vision. Separating 12 papers into chapters, this book first describes a pyramidal algorithm for image segmentation based on the definition of the “bimean of a population. It then examines the use of Polymorphic Torus architecture to yield positive results in the computation of Hough Transform through executing mesh and tree algorithms. The succeeding papers present the five-level quad-tree pyramid algorithm based on chips from the MPP machine and the algorithm databases required for scheduling and reconfiguration decisions based on the user’s task definition. Other chapters oriented towards the evaluation of multicomputer systems are also provided. These chapters include discussions on multi-processor architectures based on perceptual tasks, the advantages of fine grain associative string structure for general purpose computer vision system, and the use of identical single processor elements for comparison between processor arrays and pipeline computers. The book also contains papers oriented on the design features of new multiprocessor architectures. These papers discuss the memory limitations of parallel machines and the physical realization of a one-dimensional array of 128 to 1024 identical processors. This book provides an informal frame of reference to researchers who are interested in the design and development of algorithms, and architectures or languages of multiprocessor systems.
Radon And Projection Transform Based Computer Vision
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Author : Jorge L.C. Sanz
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-07
Radon And Projection Transform Based Computer Vision written by Jorge L.C. Sanz and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-07 with Computers categories.
This book deals with novel machine vision architecture ideas that make real-time projection-based algorithms a reality. The design is founded on raster-mode processing, which is exploited in a powerful and flexible pipeline. We concern ourselves with several image analysis algorithms for computing: projections of gray-level images along linear patterns (i. e. , the Radon transform) and other curved contours; convex hull approximations; the Hough transform for line and curve detection; diameters; moments and principal components, etc. Addition ally, we deal with an extensive list of key image processing tasks, which involve generating: discrete approximations of the inverse Radon transform operator; computer tomography reconstructions; two-dimensional convolutions; rotations and translations; multi-color digital masks; the discrete Fourier transform in polar coordinates; autocorrelations, etc. Both the image analysis and image processing algorithms are supported by a similar architecture. We will also of some of the above algorithms to the solution of demonstrate the applicability various industrial visual inspection problems. The algorithms and architectural ideas surveyed here unleash the power of the Radon and other non-linear transformations for machine vision applications. We provide fast methods to transform images into projection space representa tions and to backtrace projection-space information into the image domain. The novelty of this approach is that the above algorithms are suitable for implementa tion in a pipeline architecture. Specifically, random access memory and other dedicated hardware components which are necessary for implementation of clas sical techniques are not needed for our algorithms.
Machine Vision
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Author : Herbert Freeman
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Machine Vision written by Herbert Freeman and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Machine Vision: Algorithms, Architectures, and Systems contains the proceedings of the workshop ""Machine Vision: Where Are We and Where Are We Going?"" sponsored by the Center for Computer Aids for Industrial Productivity (CAIP) at Rutgers University and held in April 1987 in New Brunswick, New Jersey. The papers review the state of the art of machine vision and sets directions for future research. Topics covered include ""smart sensing"" in machine vision, computer architectures for machine vision, and range image segmentation. Comprised of 14 chapters, this book opens with an overview of ""smart sensing"" strategies in machine vision and illustrates how smart sensing may fit into a general purpose vision system by implementing a flexible, modular system called Pipeline Pyramid Machine. The discussion then turns to a hierarchy of local autonomy for processor arrays, focusing on the progression from pure SIMD to complete MIMD as well as the hardware penalties that arise when autonomy is increased. The following chapters explore schemes for integrating vision modules on fine-grained machines; computer architectures for real-time machine vision systems; the application of machine vision to industrial inspection; and characteristics of technologies and social processes that are inhibiting the development and/or evolution of machine vision. Machine vision research at General Motors is also considered. The final chapter assesses future prospects for machine vision and highlights directions for research. This monograph will be a useful resource for practitioners in the fields of computer science and applied mathematics.
3c Vision
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Author : Virginio Cantoni
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2011-05-25
3c Vision written by Virginio Cantoni and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-25 with Computers categories.
The exponential explosion of images and videos concerns everybody's common life, since this media is now present everywhere and in all human activities. Scientists, artists and engineers, in any field, need to be aware of the basic mechanisms that allow them to understand how images are essentially information carriers. Images bear a strong evocative power because their perception quickly brings into mind a number of related pictorial contents of past experiences and even of abstract concepts like pleasure, attraction or aversion. This book analyzes the visual hints, thanks to which images are generally interpreted, processed and exploited both by humans and computer programs. Comprehensive introductory text Introduces the reader to the large world of imagery on which many human activities are based, from politics to entertainment, from technical reports to artistic creations Provides a unified framework where both biological and artificial vision are discussed through visual cues, through the role of contexts and the available multi-channels to deliver information