Quantum Precision Measurement And Cold Atom Physics

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Quantum Precision Measurement And Cold Atom Physics

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Author : Jingbiao Chen
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-09-23

Quantum Precision Measurement And Cold Atom Physics written by Jingbiao Chen and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-23 with Science categories.

Ever since the invention of the cesium atomic clock in 1955, quantum frequency standards have seen considerable development over the decades, as a representative of quantum precision measurement. The progress in frequency measurements achieved in the past allowed one to perform quantum precision measurements of other physical and technical quantities with unprecedented precision, whenever they could be traced back to a frequency measurement. Using atomic transitions as frequency reference, quantum frequency standards are far less susceptible to external perturbations, and the identity of microscopic particles allows easy replication of a quantum standard with the same frequency. With laser cooling and trapping, cold atomic ensembles eliminate Doppler shift broadening, and have become the go-to quantum reference when precision and new physics are pursued. The advancement of laser cooling and cold atom physics, in addition to novel physical matter states such as Bose-Einstein Condensation, give rise to new experimental techniques in quantum precision measurement, especially quantum frequency standards, such as cesium fountain clocks dictating the SI second, as well as optical lattice clocks and single-ion optical clocks pushing the frontier of quantum metrology. Other areas of quantum metrology, such as gravitometers and magnetometers, also benefit greatly from cold atoms. For practical applications, quantum frequency standards are usually required to be compact and portable, and thermal atoms in the form of atomic beams or vapor cells are utilized. Commercially available quantum frequency standards such as cesium beam clocks or rubidium clocks have become the cornerstone of navigation and timekeeping. Compact optical clocks based on various laser spectroscopic techniques have also been developed. As researchers strive to break through the limits of accurate quantum measurement and atomic temperature, new fields such as precise measurement, quantum computing and quantum simulation based on cold atoms are further opened up, and challenges still exist to explore new physical phenomena in the field of cold atoms. In honor of Prof. Yiqiu Wang on the occasion of his 90th birthday, the main goal of this Research Topic is to provide a platform to exhibit the recent achievements and reveal the future challenges in quantum precision measurement, as well as studies of cold atom physics with quantum metrology, closely related to the long-term scientific research areas of Prof. Yiqiu Wang. Both Original Research and Review articles are encouraged. Topics of interest to this collection include, but are not limited to: • Quantum precision measurements • Microwave atomic clocks and their applications • Optical frequency standards, laser spectroscopy, and their applications • Quantum measurement based on cold atom • Quantum computation and quantum simulation based on cold atom

Quantum Phase Transitions In Cold Atoms And Low Temperature Solids

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Author : Kaden Richard Alan Hazzard
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-06-28

Quantum Phase Transitions In Cold Atoms And Low Temperature Solids written by Kaden Richard Alan Hazzard and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-28 with Science categories.

The primary focus of this thesis is to theoretically describe nanokelvin experiments in cold atomic gases, which offer the potential to revolutionize our understanding of strongly correlated many-body systems. The thesis attacks major challenges of the field: it proposes and analyzes experimental protocols to create new and interesting states of matter and introduces theoretical techniques to describe probes of these states. The phenomena considered include the fractional quantum Hall effect, spectroscopy of strongly correlated states, and quantum criticality, among others. The thesis also clarifies experiments on disordered quantum solids, which display a variety of exotic phenomena and are candidates to exhibit so-called "supersolidity." It collects experimental results and constrains their interpretation through theoretical considerations. This Doctoral Thesis has been accepted by Cornell University, Ithaca, USA.

Advances In Precision Laser Spectroscopy

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Author : Kelin Gao
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2022-06-21

Advances In Precision Laser Spectroscopy written by Kelin Gao and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-21 with Science categories.

Provides extensive and thoroughly exhaustive coverage of precision laser spectroscopy Presents chapters written by recognized experts in their individual fields Topics covered include cold atoms, cold molecules, methods and techniques for production of cold molecules, optical frequency standards based on trapped single ions, etc Applicable for researchers and graduate students of optical physics and precision laser spectroscopy

Atom Interferometry

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Author : G.M. Tino
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2014-10-16

Atom Interferometry written by G.M. Tino and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-16 with Science categories.

Since atom interferometers were first realized about 20 years ago, atom interferometry has had many applications in basic and applied science, and has been used to measure gravity acceleration, rotations and fundamental physical quantities with unprecedented precision. Future applications range from tests of general relativity to the development of next-generation inertial navigation systems. This book presents the lectures and notes from the Enrico Fermi school "Atom Interferometry", held in Varenna, Italy, in July 2013. The aim of the school was to cover basic experimental and theoretical aspects and to provide an updated review of current activities in the field as well as main achievements, open issues and future prospects. Topics covered include theoretical background and experimental schemes for atom interferometry; ultracold atoms and atom optics; comparison of atom, light, electron and neutron interferometers and their applications; high precision measurements with atom interferometry and their application to tests of fundamental physics, gravitation, inertial measurements and geophysics; measurement of fundamental constants; interferometry with quantum degenerate gases; matter wave interferometry beyond classical limits; large area interferometers; atom interferometry on chips; and interferometry with molecules. The book will be a valuable source of reference for students, newcomers and experts in the field of atom interferometry.

General Relativity And John Archibald Wheeler

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Author : Ignazio Ciufolini
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-06-22

General Relativity And John Archibald Wheeler written by Ignazio Ciufolini and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-06-22 with Science categories.

Observational and experimental data pertaining to gravity and cosmology are changing our view of the Universe. General relativity is a fundamental key for the understanding of these observations and its theory is undergoing a continuing enhancement of its intersection with observational and experimental data. These data include direct observations and experiments carried out in our solar system, among which there are direct gravitational wave astronomy, frame dragging and tests of gravitational theories from solar system and spacecraft observations. This book explores John Archibald Wheeler's seminal and enduring contributions in relativistic astrophysics and includes: the General Theory of Relativity and Wheeler's influence; recent developments in the confrontation of relativity with experiments; the theory describing gravitational radiation, and its detection in Earth-based and space-based interferometer detectors as well as in Earth-based bar detectors; the mathematical description of the initial value problem in relativity and applications to modeling gravitational wave sources via computational relativity; the phenomenon of frame dragging and its measurement by satellite observations. All of these areas were of direct interest to Professor John A. Wheeler and were seminally influenced by his ideas.

Manipulating Quantum Systems

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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2020-10-14

Manipulating Quantum Systems written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-14 with Science categories.

The field of atomic, molecular, and optical (AMO) science underpins many technologies and continues to progress at an exciting pace for both scientific discoveries and technological innovations. AMO physics studies the fundamental building blocks of functioning matter to help advance the understanding of the universe. It is a foundational discipline within the physical sciences, relating to atoms and their constituents, to molecules, and to light at the quantum level. AMO physics combines fundamental research with practical application, coupling fundamental scientific discovery to rapidly evolving technological advances, innovation and commercialization. Due to the wide-reaching intellectual, societal, and economical impact of AMO, it is important to review recent advances and future opportunities in AMO physics. Manipulating Quantum Systems: An Assessment of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics in the United States assesses opportunities in AMO science and technology over the coming decade. Key topics in this report include tools made of light; emerging phenomena from few- to many-body systems; the foundations of quantum information science and technologies; quantum dynamics in the time and frequency domains; precision and the nature of the universe, and the broader impact of AMO science.

Molecular Beams In Physics And Chemistry

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Author : Bretislav Friedrich
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-06-19

Molecular Beams In Physics And Chemistry written by Bretislav Friedrich and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-19 with Science categories.

This Open Access book gives a comprehensive account of both the history and current achievements of molecular beam research. In 1919, Otto Stern launched the revolutionary molecular beam technique. This technique made it possible to send atoms and molecules with well-defined momentum through vacuum and to measure with high accuracy the deflections they underwent when acted upon by transversal forces. These measurements revealed unforeseen quantum properties of nuclei, atoms, and molecules that became the basis for our current understanding of quantum matter. This volume shows that many key areas of modern physics and chemistry owe their beginnings to the seminal molecular beam work of Otto Stern and his school. Written by internationally recognized experts, the contributions in this volume will help experienced researchers and incoming graduate students alike to keep abreast of current developments in molecular beam research as well as to appreciate the history and evolution of this powerful method and the knowledge it reveals.

Current Trends In Atomic Physics

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Author : Antoine Browaeys
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2019-05-16

Current Trends In Atomic Physics written by Antoine Browaeys and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-16 with Science categories.

This book gathers the lecture notes of courses given at Session CVII of the summer school in physics, entitled “Current Trends in Atomic Physics” and held in July, 2016 in Les Houches, France. Atomic physics provides a paradigm for exploring few-body quantum systems with unparalleled control. In recent years, this ability has been applied in diverse areas including condensed matter physics, high energy physics, chemistry and ultra-fast phenomena as well as foundational aspects of quantum physics. This book addresses these topics by presenting developments and current trends via a series of tutorials and lectures presented by international leading investigators.

Scattering Two Volume Set

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Author : E. R. Pike
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2001-10-09

Scattering Two Volume Set written by E. R. Pike and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-10-09 with Science categories.

Scattering is the collision of two objects that results in a change of trajectory and energy. For example, in particle physics, such as electrons, photons, or neutrons are "scattered off" of a target specimen, resulting in a different energy and direction. In the field of electromagnetism, scattering is the random diffusion of electromagnetic radiation from air masses is an aid in the long-range sending of radio signals over geographic obstacles such as mountains. This type of scattering, applied to the field of acoustics, is the spreading of sound in many directions due to irregularities in the transmission medium. Volume I of Scattering will be devoted to basic theoretical ideas, approximation methods, numerical techniques and mathematical modeling. Volume II will be concerned with basic experimental techniques, technological practices, and comparisons with relevant theoretical work including seismology, medical applications, meteorological phenomena and astronomy. This reference will be used by researchers and graduate students in physics, applied physics, biophysics, chemical physics, medical physics, acoustics, geosciences, optics, mathematics, and engineering. This is the first encyclopedic-range work on the topic of scattering theory in quantum mechanics, elastodynamics, acoustics, and electromagnetics. It serves as a comprehensive interdisciplinary presentation of scattering and inverse scattering theory and applications in a wide range of scientific fields, with an emphasis, and details, up-to-date developments. Scattering also places an emphasis on the problems that are still in active current research. The first interdisciplinary reference source on scattering to gather all world expertise in this technique Covers the major aspects of scattering in a common language, helping to widening the knowledge of researchers across disciplines The list of editors, associate editors and contributors reads like an international Who's Who in the interdisciplinary field of scattering

Faraday Laser

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Author : Jingbiao Chen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2025-03-22

Faraday Laser written by Jingbiao Chen and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-03-22 with Science categories.

This book systematically introduces the basic principles and technologies of Faraday lasers, starting from the development history and trends of diode lasers. High-precision frequency-stabilized diode lasers are essential instruments for frontier scientific research. They are the core components in the booming fields of quantum precision measurement, time-frequency communication, and atomic physics, and are of great significance to economic development and security construction. It elaborates on the significant advantages of Faraday lasers, based on the Faraday atomic optical filter, including their ability to automatically align with atomic transition lines during startup and their resistance to temperature and current disturbances. Additionally, the book covers the practical applications and significant value of Faraday lasers in devices such as cesium atomic clocks, atomic gravimeters, and underwater optical communication systems. It also explores the future development trends of Faraday lasers. This book is suitable for researchers and engineers in the field of frequency-stabilized diode lasers, and can also be used as a textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in quantum precision measurement, precision spectroscopy, and related fields. The basis of English translation of this book, originally in Chinese, was facilitated by artificial intelligence. The content was later revised by the authors for accuracy.