Randomness
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Randomness
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Author : Deborah J. Bennett
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2009-07-01
Randomness written by Deborah J. Bennett and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-01 with Philosophy categories.
From the ancients' first readings of the innards of birds to your neighbor's last bout with the state lottery, humankind has put itself into the hands of chance. Today life itself may be at stake when probability comes into play--in the chance of a false negative in a medical test, in the reliability of DNA findings as legal evidence, or in the likelihood of passing on a deadly congenital disease--yet as few people as ever understand the odds. This book is aimed at the trouble with trying to learn about probability. A story of the misconceptions and difficulties civilization overcame in progressing toward probabilistic thinking, Randomness is also a skillful account of what makes the science of probability so daunting in our own day. To acquire a (correct) intuition of chance is not easy to begin with, and moving from an intuitive sense to a formal notion of probability presents further problems. Author Deborah Bennett traces the path this process takes in an individual trying to come to grips with concepts of uncertainty and fairness, and also charts the parallel path by which societies have developed ideas about chance. Why, from ancient to modern times, have people resorted to chance in making decisions? Is a decision made by random choice fair? What role has gambling played in our understanding of chance? Why do some individuals and societies refuse to accept randomness at all? If understanding randomness is so important to probabilistic thinking, why do the experts disagree about what it really is? And why are our intuitions about chance almost always dead wrong? Anyone who has puzzled over a probability conundrum is struck by the paradoxes and counterintuitive results that occur at a relatively simple level. Why this should be, and how it has been the case through the ages, for bumblers and brilliant mathematicians alike, is the entertaining and enlightening lesson of Randomness.
Fooled By Randomness
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Author : Nassim Nicholas Taleb
language : en
Publisher: Random House
Release Date : 2008-10-14
Fooled By Randomness written by Nassim Nicholas Taleb and has been published by Random House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-14 with Business & Economics categories.
Fooled by Randomness is a standalone book in Nassim Nicholas Taleb’s landmark Incerto series, an investigation of opacity, luck, uncertainty, probability, human error, risk, and decision-making in a world we don’t understand. The other books in the series are The Black Swan, Antifragile, Skin in the Game, and The Bed of Procrustes. Fooled by Randomness is the word-of-mouth sensation that will change the way you think about business and the world. Nassim Nicholas Taleb–veteran trader, renowned risk expert, polymathic scholar, erudite raconteur, and New York Times bestselling author of The Black Swan–has written a modern classic that turns on its head what we believe about luck and skill. This book is about luck–or more precisely, about how we perceive and deal with luck in life and business. Set against the backdrop of the most conspicuous forum in which luck is mistaken for skill–the world of trading–Fooled by Randomness provides captivating insight into one of the least understood factors in all our lives. Writing in an entertaining narrative style, the author tackles major intellectual issues related to the underestimation of the influence of happenstance on our lives. The book is populated with an array of characters, some of whom have grasped, in their own way, the significance of chance: the baseball legend Yogi Berra; the philosopher of knowledge Karl Popper; the ancient world’s wisest man, Solon; the modern financier George Soros; and the Greek voyager Odysseus. We also meet the fictional Nero, who seems to understand the role of randomness in his professional life but falls victim to his own superstitious foolishness. However, the most recognizable character of all remains unnamed–the lucky fool who happens to be in the right place at the right time–he embodies the “survival of the least fit.” Such individuals attract devoted followers who believe in their guru’s insights and methods. But no one can replicate what is obtained by chance. Are we capable of distinguishing the fortunate charlatan from the genuine visionary? Must we always try to uncover nonexistent messages in random events? It may be impossible to guard ourselves against the vagaries of the goddess Fortuna, but after reading Fooled by Randomness we can be a little better prepared. Named by Fortune One of the Smartest Books of All Time A Financial Times Best Business Book of the Year
Key Ideas On Randomness
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Author : IntroBooks Team
language : en
Publisher: IntroBooks
Release Date :
Key Ideas On Randomness written by IntroBooks Team and has been published by IntroBooks this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Mathematics categories.
How many people think about this idea that whatever they have achieved in their lives can be partly because of the random events that just happened to be in favor of them? Not a lot. The thing is, people are yet to accept that a big part of their lives is governed by one or a few random factors at a time. And the nature of those random factors could be different in any situation. That is why it is very important to understand the implications and methodologies of randomness. How exactly that randomness works? All the answers are here. There is a possibility of different things that can happen at different times. But why does one thing that happens over-powers everything else that could have happened? Even all the accumulated wealth and riches of the people could be due to the presence of good luck in their lives.
Randomnicity
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Author : Anastasios A. Tsonis
language : en
Publisher: Imperial College Press
Release Date : 2008
Randomnicity written by Anastasios A. Tsonis and has been published by Imperial College Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Mathematics categories.
This unique book explores the definition, sources and role of randomness. A joyful discussion with many non-mathematical and mathematical examples leads to the identification of three sources of randomness: randomness due to irreversibility which inhibits us from extracting whatever rules may underlie a process, randomness due to our inability to have infinite power (chaos), and randomness due to many interacting systems. Here, all sources are found to have something in common: infinity. The discussion then moves to the physical system (our universe). Through the quantum mechanical character of small scales, the second law of thermodynamics and chaos, randomness is shown to be an intrinsic property of nature ? this is consistent with the three sources of randomness identified above. Finally, an explanation is given as to why rules and randomness cannot exist by themselves, but instead have to coexist. Many examples are presented, ranging from pure mathematical to natural and social processes, that clearly demonstrate how the combination of rules and randomness produces the world we live in.
Computability And Randomness
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Author : André Nies
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2009-01-29
Computability And Randomness written by André Nies and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-29 with Philosophy categories.
The interplay between computability and randomness has been an active area of research in recent years, reflected by ample funding in the USA, numerous workshops, and publications on the subject. The complexity and the randomness aspect of a set of natural numbers are closely related. Traditionally, computability theory is concerned with the complexity aspect. However, computability theoretic tools can also be used to introduce mathematical counterparts for the intuitive notion of randomness of a set. Recent research shows that, conversely, concepts and methods originating from randomness enrich computability theory. The book covers topics such as lowness and highness properties, Kolmogorov complexity, betting strategies and higher computability. Both the basics and recent research results are desribed, providing a very readable introduction to the exciting interface of computability and randomness for graduates and researchers in computability theory, theoretical computer science, and measure theory.
Information And Randomness
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Author : Cristian S. Calude
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2002-09-12
Information And Randomness written by Cristian S. Calude and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-09-12 with Mathematics categories.
The first edition of the monograph Information and Randomness: An Algorithmic Perspective by Crist ian Calude was published in 1994. In my Foreword I said: "The research in algorithmic information theory is already some 30 years old. However, only the recent years have witnessed a really vigorous growth in this area. . . . The present book by Calude fits very well in our series. Much original research is presented. . . making the approach richer in consequences than the classical one. Remarkably, however, the text is so self-contained and coherent that the book may also serve as a textbook. All proofs are given in the book and, thus, it is not necessary to consult other sources for classroom instruction. " The vigorous growth in the study of algorithmic information theory has continued during the past few years, which is clearly visible in the present second edition. Many new results, examples, exercises and open prob lems have been added. The additions include two entirely new chapters: "Computably Enumerable Random Reals" and "Randomness and Incom pleteness". The really comprehensive new bibliography makes the book very valuable for a researcher. The new results about the characterization of computably enumerable random reals, as well as the fascinating Omega Numbers, should contribute much to the value of the book as a textbook. The author has been directly involved in these results that have appeared in the prestigious journals Nature, New Scientist and Pour la Science.
Genetics And Randomness
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Author : Anatoly Ruvinsky
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2009-07-28
Genetics And Randomness written by Anatoly Ruvinsky and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-28 with Science categories.
Analyzes Randomness in Major Genetic Processes and Events No matter how far science advances, the proportion of what is knowable to what is random will remain unchanged, and attempts to ignore this critical threshold are futile at best. With the revolutionary explosion in genetic information discovery, it is crucially important to recognize the underlying limitations of scientific prediction in genetics. Genetics and Randomness furthers the understanding of the role randomness plays in critical biological processes. The book also navigates the complex nature of genetic uncertainty from different points of view and at various levels of biological organization. Avoids Unnecessary Technical Details and Specific Terminology Exploring areas ranging from basic quantum mechanics and molecular genetics to modern evolutionary genetics and the philosophy of mathematics, this well-organized text discusses: Spontaneity of mutations and their relation to subatomic randomness Deep links between subatomic fluctuations and long-term macroscopic changes in living organisms The multitude of random events that occur during development Segregation, genetic drift, and natural selection Randomness and uncertainty are not occasional and regretful deviations from the "true" principles upon which life is built. Genetics and Randomness illustrates the ubiquitous nature of randomness as an integral feature of all essential processes, effectively embracing a probabilistic understanding of the phenomena of life.
Randomness Through Computation
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Author : Hector Zenil
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2011
Randomness Through Computation written by Hector Zenil and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Computers categories.
This review volume consists of an indispensable set of chapters written by leading scholars, scientists and researchers in the field of Randomness, including related subfields specially but not limited to the strong developed connections to the Computability and Recursion Theory. Highly respected, indeed renowned in their areas of specialization, many of these contributors are the founders of their fields. The scope of Randomness Through Computation is novel. Each contributor shares his personal views and anecdotes on the various reasons and motivations which led him to the study of the subject. They share their visions from their vantage and distinctive viewpoints. In summary, this is an opportunity to learn about the topic and its various angles from the leading thinkers.
Exploring Randomness
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Author : Gregory J. Chaitin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001-07-30
Exploring Randomness written by Gregory J. Chaitin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-07-30 with Computers categories.
This essential companion to Chaitin's successful books The Unknowable and The Limits of Mathematics, presents the technical core of his theory of program-size complexity. The two previous volumes are more concerned with applications to meta-mathematics. LISP is used to present the key algorithms and to enable computer users to interact with the authors proofs and discover for themselves how they work. The LISP code for this book is available at the author's Web site together with a Java applet LISP interpreter. "No one has looked deeper and farther into the abyss of randomness and its role in mathematics than Greg Chaitin. This book tells you everything hes seen. Don miss it." John Casti, Santa Fe Institute, Author of Goedel: A Life of Logic.'
Probability And Randomness
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Author : Andre? I?U?r?evich Khrennikov
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2016
Probability And Randomness written by Andre? I?U?r?evich Khrennikov and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Science categories.
"Creating a rigorous mathematical theory of randomness is far from being complete, even in the classical case. Interrelation of Classical and Quantum Randomness rectifies this and introduces mathematical formalisms of classical and quantum probability and randomness with brief discussion of their interrelation and interpretational and foundational issues. The book presents the essentials of classical approaches to randomness, enlightens their successes and problems, and then proceeds to essentials of quantum randomness. Its wide-ranging and comprehensive scope makes it suitable for researchers in mathematical physics, probability and statistics at any level"--