Randomness And Completeness In Computational Complexity
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Randomness And Completeness In Computational Complexity
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Author : Dieter van Melkebeek
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2003-06-29
Randomness And Completeness In Computational Complexity written by Dieter van Melkebeek and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-06-29 with Computers categories.
This book contains a revised version of the dissertation the author wrote at the Department of Computer Science of the University of Chicago. The thesis was submitted to the Faculty of Physical Sciences in conformity with the requirements for the PhD degree in June 1999. It was honored with the 1999 ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award in May 2000. Summary Computational complexity is the study of the inherent di culty of compu- tional problems and the power of the tools we may use to solve them. It aims to describe how many resources we need to compute the solution as a function of the problem size. Typical resources include time on sequential and parallel architectures and memory space. As we want to abstract away from details of input representation and speci cs of the computer model, we end up with classes of problems that we can solve within certain robust resource bounds such as polynomial time, parallel logarithmic time, and logarithmic space. Research in complexity theory boils down to determining the relationships between these classes { inclusions and separations. In this dissertation, we focus on the role of randomness and look at various properties of hard problems in order to obtain separations. We also investigate the power of nondeterminism and alternation, as well as space versus time issues. Randomness provides a resource that seems to help in various situations.
Kolmogorov Complexity And Computational Complexity
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Author : Osamu Watanabe
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Kolmogorov Complexity And Computational Complexity written by Osamu Watanabe and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
The mathematical theory of computation has given rise to two important ap proaches to the informal notion of "complexity": Kolmogorov complexity, usu ally a complexity measure for a single object such as a string, a sequence etc., measures the amount of information necessary to describe the object. Compu tational complexity, usually a complexity measure for a set of objects, measures the compuational resources necessary to recognize or produce elements of the set. The relation between these two complexity measures has been considered for more than two decades, and may interesting and deep observations have been obtained. In March 1990, the Symposium on Theory and Application of Minimal Length Encoding was held at Stanford University as a part of the AAAI 1990 Spring Symposium Series. Some sessions of the symposium were dedicated to Kolmogorov complexity and its relations to the computational complexity the ory, and excellent expository talks were given there. Feeling that, due to the importance of the material, some way should be found to share these talks with researchers in the computer science community, I asked the speakers of those sessions to write survey papers based on their talks in the symposium. In response, five speakers from the sessions contributed the papers which appear in this book.
Algorithmic Randomness And Complexity
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Author : Rodney G. Downey
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-10-29
Algorithmic Randomness And Complexity written by Rodney G. Downey and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-29 with Computers categories.
Computability and complexity theory are two central areas of research in theoretical computer science. This book provides a systematic, technical development of "algorithmic randomness" and complexity for scientists from diverse fields.
Theory Of Computational Complexity
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Author : Ding-Zhu Du
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2014-07-18
Theory Of Computational Complexity written by Ding-Zhu Du and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-18 with Mathematics categories.
Praise for the First Edition "...complete, up-to-date coverage of computational complexitytheory...the book promises to become the standard reference oncomputational complexity." -Zentralblatt MATH A thorough revision based on advances in the field ofcomputational complexity and readers’ feedback, the SecondEdition of Theory of Computational Complexity presentsupdates to the principles and applications essential tounderstanding modern computational complexity theory. The newedition continues to serve as a comprehensive resource on the useof software and computational approaches for solving algorithmicproblems and the related difficulties that can be encountered. Maintaining extensive and detailed coverage, Theory ofComputational Complexity, Second Edition, examines the theoryand methods behind complexity theory, such as computational models,decision tree complexity, circuit complexity, and probabilisticcomplexity. The Second Edition also features recentdevelopments on areas such as NP-completeness theory, as wellas: A new combinatorial proof of the PCP theorem based on thenotion of expander graphs, a research area in the field of computerscience Additional exercises at varying levels of difficulty to furthertest comprehension of the presented material End-of-chapter literature reviews that summarize each topic andoffer additional sources for further study Theory of Computational Complexity, Second Edition, is anexcellent textbook for courses on computational theory andcomplexity at the graduate level. The book is also a usefulreference for practitioners in the fields of computer science,engineering, and mathematics who utilize state-of-the-art softwareand computational methods to conduct research. Athorough revision based on advances in the field of computationalcomplexity and readers’feedback,the Second Edition of Theory of Computational Complexity presentsupdates to theprinciplesand applications essential to understanding modern computationalcomplexitytheory.The new edition continues to serve as a comprehensive resource onthe use of softwareandcomputational approaches for solving algorithmic problems and therelated difficulties thatcanbe encountered.Maintainingextensive and detailed coverage, Theory of ComputationalComplexity, SecondEdition,examines the theory and methods behind complexity theory, such ascomputationalmodels,decision tree complexity, circuit complexity, and probabilisticcomplexity. The SecondEditionalso features recent developments on areas such as NP-completenesstheory, as well as:•A new combinatorial proof of the PCP theorem based on the notion ofexpandergraphs,a research area in the field of computer science•Additional exercises at varying levels of difficulty to furthertest comprehension ofthepresented material•End-of-chapter literature reviews that summarize each topic andoffer additionalsourcesfor further studyTheoryof Computational Complexity, Second Edition, is an excellenttextbook for courses oncomputationaltheory and complexity at the graduate level. The book is also auseful referenceforpractitioners in the fields of computer science, engineering, andmathematics who utilizestate-of-the-artsoftware and computational methods to conduct research.
Computational Complexity Theory
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Author : Juris Hartmanis
language : en
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Release Date : 1989
Computational Complexity Theory written by Juris Hartmanis and has been published by American Mathematical Soc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Mathematics categories.
Computational complexity theory is the study of the quantitative laws that govern computing. This book contains the proceedings of the AMS Short Course on Computational Complexity Theory, held at the Joint Mathematics Meetings in Atlanta in January 1988.
Logic And Complexity
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Author : Richard Lassaigne
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Logic And Complexity written by Richard Lassaigne and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Logic and Complexity looks at basic logic as it is used in Computer Science, and provides students with a logical approach to Complexity theory. With plenty of exercises, this book presents classical notions of mathematical logic, such as decidability, completeness and incompleteness, as well as new ideas brought by complexity theory such as NP-completeness, randomness and approximations, providing a better understanding for efficient algorithmic solutions to problems. Divided into three parts, it covers: - Model Theory and Recursive Functions - introducing the basic model theory of propositional, 1st order, inductive definitions and 2nd order logic. Recursive functions, Turing computability and decidability are also examined. - Descriptive Complexity - looking at the relationship between definitions of problems, queries, properties of programs and their computational complexity. - Approximation - explaining how some optimization problems and counting problems can be approximated according to their logical form. Logic is important in Computer Science, particularly for verification problems and database query languages such as SQL. Students and researchers in this field will find this book of great interest.
Computational Complexity
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Author : Sanjeev Arora
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2009-04-20
Computational Complexity written by Sanjeev Arora and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-04-20 with Computers categories.
New and classical results in computational complexity, including interactive proofs, PCP, derandomization, and quantum computation. Ideal for graduate students.
Computational Complexity And Property Testing
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Author : Oded Goldreich
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-04-03
Computational Complexity And Property Testing written by Oded Goldreich and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-03 with Computers categories.
This volume contains a collection of studies in the areas of complexity theory and property testing. The 21 pieces of scientific work included were conducted at different times, mostly during the last decade. Although most of these works have been cited in the literature, none of them was formally published before. Within complexity theory the topics include constant-depth Boolean circuits, explicit construction of expander graphs, interactive proof systems, monotone formulae for majority, probabilistically checkable proofs (PCPs), pseudorandomness, worst-case to average-case reductions, and zero-knowledge proofs. Within property testing the topics include distribution testing, linearity testing, lower bounds on the query complexity (of property testing), testing graph properties, and tolerant testing. A common theme in this collection is the interplay between randomness and computation.
Computational Complexity A Quantitative Perspective
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Author : Marius Zimand
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2004-07-07
Computational Complexity A Quantitative Perspective written by Marius Zimand and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-07-07 with Computers categories.
There has been a common perception that computational complexity is a theory of "bad news" because its most typical results assert that various real-world and innocent-looking tasks are infeasible. In fact, "bad news" is a relative term, and, indeed, in some situations (e.g., in cryptography), we want an adversary to not be able to perform a certain task. However, a "bad news" result does not automatically become useful in such a scenario. For this to happen, its hardness features have to be quantitatively evaluated and shown to manifest extensively. The book undertakes a quantitative analysis of some of the major results in complexity that regard either classes of problems or individual concrete problems. The size of some important classes are studied using resource-bounded topological and measure-theoretical tools. In the case of individual problems, the book studies relevant quantitative attributes such as approximation properties or the number of hard inputs at each length. One chapter is dedicated to abstract complexity theory, an older field which, however, deserves attention because it lays out the foundations of complexity. The other chapters, on the other hand, focus on recent and important developments in complexity. The book presents in a fairly detailed manner concepts that have been at the centre of the main research lines in complexity in the last decade or so, such as: average-complexity, quantum computation, hardness amplification, resource-bounded measure, the relation between one-way functions and pseudo-random generators, the relation between hard predicates and pseudo-random generators, extractors, derandomization of bounded-error probabilistic algorithms, probabilistically checkable proofs, non-approximability of optimization problems, and others. The book should appeal to graduate computer science students, and to researchers who have an interest in computer science theory and need a good understanding of computational complexity, e.g., researchers in algorithms, AI, logic, and other disciplines. · Emphasis is on relevant quantitative attributes of important results in complexity. · Coverage is self-contained and accessible to a wide audience. · Large range of important topics including: derandomization techniques, non-approximability of optimization problems, average-case complexity, quantum computation, one-way functions and pseudo-random generators, resource-bounded measure and topology.
Studies In Complexity And Cryptography
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Author : Oded Goldreich
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2011-08-03
Studies In Complexity And Cryptography written by Oded Goldreich and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-03 with Computers categories.
This book presents a collection of 36 pieces of scientific work in the areas of complexity theory and foundations of cryptography: 20 research contributions, 13 survey articles, and 3 programmatic and reflective viewpoint statements. These so far formally unpublished pieces were written by Oded Goldreich, some in collaboration with other scientists. The articles included in this book essentially reflect the topical scope of the scientific career of Oded Goldreich now spanning three decades. In particular the topics dealt with include average-case complexity, complexity of approximation, derandomization, expander graphs, hashing functions, locally testable codes, machines that take advice, NP-completeness, one-way functions, probabilistically checkable proofs, proofs of knowledge, property testing, pseudorandomness, randomness extractors, sampling, trapdoor permutations, zero-knowledge, and non-iterative zero-knowledge. All in all, this potpourri of studies in complexity and cryptography constitutes a most valuable contribution to the field of theoretical computer science centered around the personal achievements and views of one of its outstanding representatives.