Rationality Reconsidered
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Rationality Reconsidered
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Author : Astrid Wagner
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2016-07-25
Rationality Reconsidered written by Astrid Wagner and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-25 with Philosophy categories.
This volume treats the topic of rationality developing a perspective that integrates elements of philosophy of language, phenomenology, pragmatism, and philosophy of life. The two reference authors, Wittgenstein and Ortega, are contemporaries but come from different philosophical traditions. Wittgenstein's early work was influenced by logical positivism. Later he developed an influential approach to philosophy of language. Ortega was influenced by Neo-Kantianism, perspectivism, life philosophy, and phenomenology. On this basis, he developed an independent approach that has become known as ratiovitalism. Astonishing affinities between their respective reflections on rationality motivated the experiment of bringing the different approaches into a synergetic relation. Both investigate the structures and limits of rationality, emphasize the importance of basic beliefs, and criticize the restriction of rationality concepts to the intellectual sphere. The contributions of the volume focus on: dynamics of belief and knowledge, implicit and explicit knowledge, the concept of “vital reason”, the role of world-pictures and forms of life, questions regarding certainty, ignorance, doubt, and madness, as well as matters of pluralism and relativism.
Rationality Reconsidered
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Author : Astrid Wagner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Rationality Reconsidered written by Astrid Wagner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Knowledge, Theory of categories.
The topic of rationality is treated in a perspective that integrates elements of philosophy of language, ratiovitalism, phenomenology, pragmatism, and philosophy of life. The approach is inspired by Ortega y Gasset and Wittgenstein. The contributions focus on: dynamics of belief and knowledge, the role of world-pictures and forms of life, questions regarding certainty, ignorance, doubt, and madness, as well as matters of pluralism and relativism.
Sacrifice Regained
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Author : Sarah Coakley
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-01-05
Sacrifice Regained written by Sarah Coakley and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-05 with Religion categories.
This inaugural lecture by Sarah Coakley, delivered at the University of Cambridge on 13th October 2009, considers the striking cultural dominance, in the latter part of the twentieth century, of a violent and negative rendition of the notion of sacrifice. Coakley asks whether it is a coincidence that at the same time, philosophers of religion have tended to be in notable retreat from bold public claims about the rationality of Christian truth. In contrast to this double trend, and in riposte to the 'New Atheism' of the secularists, Coakley argues that the most recent deliveries from evolutionary biology augur a vision of sacrifice which is both rationally defensible and biologically grounded. Evolutionary dynamics, religious practice and hermeneutics, and new arguments for the rationality of belief belong together; and this nexus of themes demands the closest attention as the world confronts the profoundest ecological crisis it has yet known.
Bayesian Rationality
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Author : Mike Oaksford
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2007-02-22
Bayesian Rationality written by Mike Oaksford and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-02-22 with Philosophy categories.
For almost 2,500 years, the Western concept of what is to be human has been dominated by the idea that the mind is the seat of reason - humans are, almost by definition, the rational animal. In this text a more radical suggestion for explaining these puzzling aspects of human reasoning is put forward.
Rationality And Decision Making
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2018-02-08
Rationality And Decision Making written by and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-08 with Philosophy categories.
The volume Rationality and Decision Making: From Normative Rules to Heuristics analyses rational and irrational decision making by individuals as well as by groups. The contributors adopt methodological, logical, linguistic, psychological, historical, and evolutionary perspectives.
Rationality In An Uncertain World
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Author : Nick Chater
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2004-08-02
Rationality In An Uncertain World written by Nick Chater and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-08-02 with Psychology categories.
The essays in this work focus on problems with logic-based approaches to human reasoning, showing how a probablistic approach can provide a more psychologically plausible, computationally viable and philosophically respectable account of human
Chaos Reconsidered
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Author : Robert Jervis
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2023-07-04
Chaos Reconsidered written by Robert Jervis and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-04 with Political Science categories.
The shock of Donald Trump’s election caused many observers to ask whether the liberal international order—the system of institutions and norms established after World War II—was coming to an end. The victory of Joe Biden, a committed institutionalist, suggested that the liberal order would endure. Even so, important questions remained: Was Trump an aberration? Is Biden struggling in vain against irreparable changes in international politics? What does the future hold for the international order? The essays in Chaos Reconsidered answer those questions. Leading scholars assess the domestic and global effects of the Trump and Biden presidencies. The historians put the Trump years and Biden’s victory in historical context. Regional specialists evaluate U.S. diplomacy in Asia, Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America. Others foreground topics such as global right-wing populism, the COVID-19 pandemic, racial inequality, and environmental degradation. International relations theorists reconsider the nature of international politics, pointing to deficiencies in traditional IR methods for explaining world events and Trump’s presidency in particular. Together, these experts provide a comprehensive analysis of the state of U.S. alliances and partnerships, the durability of the liberal international order, the standing and reputation of the United States as a global leader, the implications of China’s assertiveness and Russia’s aggression, and the prospects for the Biden administration and its successors.
Latin American Thought
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Author : Susana Nuccetelli
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-03-05
Latin American Thought written by Susana Nuccetelli and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-05 with Political Science categories.
Latin American Thought examines the relationship between philosophy and rationality in Latin American thought, the nature of justice, human rights, and cultural identity, and other questions that have concerned Latin American thinkers from the colonial period to the present day. From the Mayans, Aztecs, and Incas to the present day, reveals the assembly of interesting philosophical arguments offered by Latin Americans. Nuccetelli traces Latin American thought through questions concerning rationality, gender discrimination, justice, human rights, reparation for historically dispossessed peoples, and relativism vs. universalism - all matters of continuing concern in Spanish and Portuguese-speaking parts of the world . Amongst issues of heated controversy from the early twentieth century to the present, also explores how Latin Americans and their descendants abroad think of their own cultural identity, of US mass-culture and philosophy, and of the vexing problem of which name, if any, to use when referring to this exceedingly diverse ethnic group. Many of the philosophical questions raised by Latin American thinkers are problems that have concerned philosophers at different times and in different places throughout the Western tradition. But in fact the issues are not altogether the same - for they have been adapted to capture problems presented by new circumstances, and Latin Americans have sought resolutions in ways that are indeed novel. This book explains how well-established philosophical traditions gave rise in the "New World" to a distinctive manner of thinking. There was no clean sweep of the past and an attempt to start over: rather, Latin American thinkers mostly welcomed European ideas at whatever pace such traditions happened to arrive. It is then no surprise that, for instance, Scholasticism became the accepted view under Spanish rule, and began to lose its grip only when the rulers did. But what does seem surprising is the radical way in which those traditions were transformed to account for problems that, though familiar, were now seen intake light of new circumstances. A distinctive Latin American way of thinking about such problems emerged from the project of "recycling" European philosophical traditions, some of which were already obsolete in Europe at the time their transplant took place. Thus theories commonly taken to be incompatible within Western traditions in philosophy were absorbed by Latin American thought-- and, in their newly acquired forms, such theories are even now at the basis of proposed solutions to many practical and philosophical problems. The book explores that recycling process. Above all, it aims to determine whether the various cultures that met in the "New World" could now be said to have come to share a common identity. This is in fact an issue which has preoccupied Latin Americans since at least the beginning of the 19th century, when their countries won their independence. But, in connection with this, it is also important to ask how Latin Americans have thought about the relationship between philosophy and rationality, and about other issues belonging to the major areas of philosophy such as epistemology, moral philosophy, and political philosophy, as well their application to vital social issues, including education and the emancipation of women. These are all taken up by the author, who pays special attention to questions of gender discrimination, justice, human rights, reparation for historically dispossessed peoples, and the role of education-- all matters of continuing concern in Latin American thought, from its earliest stirrings to the present day.
Rational Powers In Action
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Author : Sergio Tenenbaum
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2020-11-05
Rational Powers In Action written by Sergio Tenenbaum and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-05 with Philosophy categories.
Human actions unfold over time, in pursuit of ends that are not fully specified in advance. Rational Powers in Action locates these features of the human condition at the heart of a new theory of instrumental rationality. Where many theories of rational agency focus on instantaneous choices between sharply defined outcomes, treating the temporally extended and partially open-ended character of action as an afterthought, this book argues that the deep structure of instrumental rationality can only be understood if we see how it governs the pursuit of long-term, indeterminate ends. These are ends that cannot be realized through a single momentary action, and whose content leaves partly open what counts as realizing the end. Sergio Tenenbaum argues that we need to focus on temporal duration and the indeterminacy of ends in intentional action, even to explain the rational governance of relatively simple actions. Theories of moment-by-moment preference maximization, or indeed any understanding of instrumental rationality on the basis of momentary mental items, cannot capture the fundamental structure of our instrumentally rational capacities. Tenenbaum provides a new theory of instrumental rationality as rationality in action.
The Rational Choice Controversy
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Author : Jeffrey Friedman
language : en
Publisher: Yale University Press
Release Date : 1996-01-01
The Rational Choice Controversy written by Jeffrey Friedman and has been published by Yale University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-01-01 with Philosophy categories.
Pathologies of Rational Choice Theory, a book written by Donald Green and Ian Shapiro and published in 1994, excited much controversy among political scientists and promoted a dialogue among them that was printed in a double issue of the journal Critical Review in 1995. This new book reproduces thirteen essays from the journal written by senior scholars in the field, along with an introduction by the editor of the journal, Jeffrey Friedman, and a rejoinder to the essays by Green and Shapiro. The scholars--who include John Ferejohn, Morris P. Fiorina, Stanley Kelley, Jr., Robert E. Lane, Peter C. Ordeshook, Norman Schofield, and Kenneth A. Shepsle--criticize, agree with, or build on the issues raised by Green and Shapiro s critique. Together the essays provide an interesting and accessible way of focusing on competing approaches to the study of politics and the social sciences.