Regional Cooperation Intellectual Property Law And Access To Medicines
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Regional Cooperation Intellectual Property Law And Access To Medicines
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Author : Tolulope Anthony Adekola
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Regional Cooperation Intellectual Property Law And Access To Medicines written by Tolulope Anthony Adekola and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights categories.
"This book examines the potential for regionalization of intellectual property law and policy as a means of improving pharmaceutical access for least developed countries. The challenge of sustainable access to pharmaceuticals continues to be an issue of global significance. While much has been written on emerging economies in this context, least developed countries have been largely overlooked. This book fills this gap by taking the East African Community as a case study of developing and least developed countries to illustrate why and how a regional collective approach is preferred. It adopts a holistic approach in finding sustainable solutions to both IP and non-IP barriers to pharmaceutical access across a range of inter-related issues through a regional cooperative scheme. It evaluates factors that are necessary for successful regional cooperation, such as legal and policy coherence, WTO rule compliance, the threat of protectionism, regional competition rules, and so on, in order to produce relevant legal and policy recommendations to both existing and intending regional coalitions desiring to improve pharmaceutical access. It also looks beyond the scope of IP barriers to pharmaceutical access, examining non-IP-related factors such as pharmaceutical market intelligence, local pharmaceutical manufacturing capacity, economies of scale and purchasing power, medical regulation and quality assurance, technology transfer, and market size amongst others. The book will be an invaluable resource for academics, researchers and policy-makers working in the areas of Public Health Law, International Trade Law, Intellectual Property Law and Development Studies"--
Intellectual Property Law And Access To Medicines
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Author : Srividhya Ragavan
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-07-28
Intellectual Property Law And Access To Medicines written by Srividhya Ragavan and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-28 with Law categories.
The history of patent harmonization is a story of dynamic actors, whose interactions with established structures shaped the patent regime. From the inception of the trade regime to include intellectual property (IP) rights to the present, this book documents the role of different sets of actors – states, transnational business corporations, or civil society groups – and their influence on the structures – such as national and international agreements, organizations, and private entities – that have caused changes to healthcare and access to medication. Presenting the debates over patents, trade, and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement), as it galvanized non-state and nonbusiness actors, the book highlights how an alternative framing and understanding of pharmaceutical patent rights emerged: as a public issue, instead of a trade or IP issue. The book thus offers an important analysis of the legal and political dynamics through which the contest for access to lifesaving medication has been, and will continue to be, fought. In addition to academics working in the areas of international law, development, and public health, this book will also be of interest to policy makers, state actors, and others with relevant concerns working in nongovernmental and international organizations.
Promoting Access To Medical Technologies And Innovation Intersections Between Public Health Intellectual Property And Trade
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Author : World Intellectual Property Organization
language : en
Publisher: WIPO
Release Date : 2013
Promoting Access To Medical Technologies And Innovation Intersections Between Public Health Intellectual Property And Trade written by World Intellectual Property Organization and has been published by WIPO this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Law categories.
This study has emerged from an ongoing program of trilateral cooperation between WHO, WTO and WIPO. It responds to an increasing demand, particularly in developing countries, for strengthened capacity for informed policy-making in areas of intersection between health, trade and IP, focusing on access to and innovation of medicines and other medical technologies.
Intellectual Property Trade Human Rights And Access To Medicines In Africa A Reader
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Author : Atangcho N Akonumbo
language : en
Publisher: Pretoria University Law Press
Release Date : 2022-01-01
Intellectual Property Trade Human Rights And Access To Medicines In Africa A Reader written by Atangcho N Akonumbo and has been published by Pretoria University Law Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-01 with Law categories.
Intellectual property, trade, human rights and access to medicines in Africa: A reader by Atangcho N Akonumbo explores the current debates and conflicts pertaining to intellectual property (IP), trade and access to medicines in Africa as a public health issue, in a public health context. The Reader has a broad focus running across fourteen chapters. It examines the complex web of access to medicines, while introducing major concepts pertaining to access to medicines such as IP, trade, medicine and human rights, and provides a historical overview of the nexus between IP and human rights. It establishes the link between human rights, IP and access to medicines within the context of developing countries broadly and Africa in particular. The Reader discusses key flexibilities within the international IP framework championed by the TRIPS Agreement to enhance access to medicines, including compulsory licensing and parallel importation, while addressing impediments therein which provoked the Doha Declaration and arrangements thereafter. Also, it examines issues such as the implications of data exclusivity and linkage techniques; the role of anti-counterfeiting and competition laws in checking the effect of IP regimes; current threats to access to medicines at the international, regional and national levels such as the influence of regional or bilateral trade agreements; and research and development in respect of medicines for neglected and (re)emerging infectious diseases. It discusses the contributions of naturopathic and traditional medicines as parallel and complementary systems to modern medicine in the access to medicines landscape in the African context. The Reader further addresses the implications of the difficulty of access to medicines for women, children and other social minorities such as disabled persons and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) persons. This Reader comes at a critical time, and potentially, a turning point in the history of public health crisis in Africa – when concerns about access to medicines have been heightened in the face of (re)emerging diseases and today the Covid-19 pandemic – a situation which has revealed gross lapses in public health governance. It is written in a simple language, making its content accessible to a wide audience. It contains informative and useful graphs, text boxes and illustrative excerpts from various primary and secondary sources. The Reader is likely to become an invaluable tool for a wide range of persons and institutions, including academics, students, legal practitioners, health professionals, drug procurement agencies, civil society organisations and the public at large, involved or interested in the access to medicines discourse.
Access To Medicines And Vaccines
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Author : Carlos M. Correa
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022
Access To Medicines And Vaccines written by Carlos M. Correa and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Health economics categories.
"This book is an outcome of a partnership between the Max Planck Institute (MPI) for Innovation and Competition and the South Centre, which jointly organized a Global Forum on Intellectual Property, Access to Medicine and Innovation in Munich on 9-10 December 2019"--Page v
The Trans Pacific Partnership
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Author : Matthew Rimmer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
The Trans Pacific Partnership written by Matthew Rimmer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
The mega-regional agreement, the Trans-Pacific Partnership, put forward a radical model for the regulation of intellectual property and access to medicines across the Pacific Rim. The trade agreement makes reference to the framework established by the TRIPS Agreement 1994, the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health 2001, and the WTO General Council Decision 2003 (which has been incorporated into the TRIPS Agreement 1994 as an amendment in 2017). Nonetheless, it does little to positively advance public health and access to medicines. The Trans-Pacific Partnership seeks to maximise the intellectual property rights of pharmaceutical drug companies. The agreement has extensive provisions on patentable subject matter, patent standards, patent term extensions and evergreening, patent registration linkages, and border measures. There has also been controversy over measures related to data protection, the protection of biologics, and trade secrets. The World Health Organization and the United Nations Secretary-General's High Level Panel on Access to Medicines have highlighted the need to ensure public health and access to medicines are not undercut by regional trade agreements, such as Trans-Pacific Partnership.
Intellectual Property And Access To Medicines In Africa
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Author : Olasupo Owoeye
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Intellectual Property And Access To Medicines In Africa written by Olasupo Owoeye and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Drugs categories.
This book examines the scope of the existing flexibilities in international IP law for promoting access to medicines. By adopting qualitative research methods to investigate how African countries may effectively use IP to serve public health purposes, this book will be a valuable contribution to existing literature.
Intellectual Property And Access To Medicines In Africa
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Author : Olasupo Owoeye
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-05-17
Intellectual Property And Access To Medicines In Africa written by Olasupo Owoeye and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-17 with Law categories.
A major target of Goal 3 of the Sustainable Development Goals adopted by the United Nations in 2015 is the elimination of ‘the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases’ and combating ‘hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases’. Intellectual property (IP) has been identified as one of the factors impeding access to affordable medicines in developing countries, especially in relation to the HIV pandemic. This book examines the scope of the existing flexibilities in international IP law for promoting access to medicines. It analyses the factors accounting for the underutilisation of the flexibilities in Africa and the measures that African countries may adopt to address the IP barriers to access to medicines. It explores the regional strategies that Africa can adopt to resolve the tension between IP regimes and access to medicines. It also highlights how trade liberalisation and regional integration can play crucial roles in enhancing the use of TRIPS flexibilities, local pharmaceutical manufacturing and access to medicines in Africa. By adopting qualitative research methods to investigate how African countries may effectively use IP to serve public health purposes through the stratagem of regional integration, this book will be a valuable contribution to the existing literature on IP.
Balancing Wealth And Health
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Author : Rochelle Dreyfuss
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014
Balancing Wealth And Health written by Rochelle Dreyfuss and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Law categories.
"The research strategy, concepts, and methodologies developed in this book repay careful consideration not only for fruitful deployment to examine dynamics of health and intelectual property in other regions, but also for generating innovative insights in other fields of global regulatory governance"--Foreword.
Promoting Access To Medical Technologies And Innovation
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Author : World Trade Organization WTO
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-08-25
Promoting Access To Medical Technologies And Innovation written by World Trade Organization WTO and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-25 with categories.
International cooperation on public health is inherently multi-dimensional, with a focus on building effective health systems. Towards this goal, the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) have been working closely together, along with other international partners, for almost two decades to support global endeavours to improve health outcomes. As part of their efforts to help countries develop the capacity to deal with multi-dimensional challenges in the public health sector, the three organizations have launched the second edition of the trilateral study on Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation. Access to essential medicines and the lack of research to address neglected diseases have been a major concern for many years. To promote innovation and to ensure equitable access to all vital medical technologies, such as medicines, vaccines and medical devices, policy-makers need a clear understanding of the innovation processes that lead to new technologies and the ways in which these technologies are disseminated. This publication seeks to improve understanding of the interplay between the distinct policy domains of health, trade and intellectual property, and how they affect medical innovation and access to medical technologies. This second edition captures new developments in key areas since the launch of the first study in 2013. Among the new topics covered in this edition are antimicrobial resistance and cutting-edge health technologies. The publication provides updated data on health, innovation trends in the pharmaceutical sector, and trade and tariffs relating to medical products. It includes an updated overview of access to medical technologies globally and key provisions in regional trade agreements. It also takes account of developments in intellectual property legislation and jurisprudence. Since this study was completed prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, a standalone section on COVID-19 was added at the start of the publication to map the multiple challenges posed by the pandemic in relation to the integrated health, trade and IP policy frameworks set out in the study. It guides the reader to the parts of the main text that are particularly relevant to the issues raised during the pandemic. The publication is the result of a collaborative effort by the WHO, WIPO and the WTO, drawing together the three secretariats' respective areas of expertise. It is intended to inform ongoing technical cooperation activities undertaken by the three organizations and to support policy discussions. Drawing on longstanding experiences in joint technical cooperation activities, the publication has been prepared to serve the needs of policy-makers as well as lawmakers, government officials, delegates to international organizations, non-governmental organizations and researchers.