Regulation Of Pacing Strategies During Intermittent Sprint Exercise
DOWNLOAD
Download Regulation Of Pacing Strategies During Intermittent Sprint Exercise PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Regulation Of Pacing Strategies During Intermittent Sprint Exercise book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
Regulation Of Pacing Strategies During Intermittent Sprint Exercise
DOWNLOAD
Author : Melissa Skein
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Regulation Of Pacing Strategies During Intermittent Sprint Exercise written by Melissa Skein and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Exercise categories.
"Pacing strategies are the regulation of exercise intensities throughout a given bout of (continuous or intermittent) self-paced exercise in response to the exercise and environmental-induced demands placed on the athlete. Models that have been proposed to explain the development of fatigue and the reguation of exercise intensities include i) peripheral pertubations directly affecting the ability to sustain a given intensity; ii) a centrally-mediated manifestation regulating peripheral pertubations via changes i neural drive from the central nervous sytem (CNS) and iii) the conscious decision to adjust exercise intensity based on the perception of the physical demands. These mechanisms associated with fatigue-regulation have been investigated in prolonged, continuous exercise, but less so in team sports. Such investigations are relevant to team sports athletes, as competition matches are self-paced, with diverse physical demands ad thus pacing strategies may be important to ensure optimal competition performance. Accordingly, as pacing strategies are suggested to be either due to changes at the periphery, or a central regulation of these peripheral changes, an effective method to assess the pacing mechanisms in team sports is via the manipulation of athlete's pre-exercise state to examine the effects on subsequent performance and pacing. The pre-exercise circumstances used to alter physiological and perceptual states in the present thesis are commonly experienced by team sport athletes participating in various football codes and alter central, peripheral or conscious states. Accordingly, this thesis examined the effects of sleep deprivation, carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion, and thermoregulation on pacing strategies and self-paced intermittent-sprint performance in team sport athletes."--Abstract.
Regulation Of Pacing Strategy During Athletic Competition Evaluation Of The Hazard Score Hypothesis
DOWNLOAD
Author : Patrick Reinschmidt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Regulation Of Pacing Strategy During Athletic Competition Evaluation Of The Hazard Score Hypothesis written by Patrick Reinschmidt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Cycling categories.
Regulation of energy expenditure is critical during endurance competition. The Hazard Score is a term that has been proposed to describe the likelihood that an athlete will decrease their velocity during the course of an endurance event, such as cycling or running. The Hazard Score is defined as the product of momentary Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) and the fractional distance remaining in the exercise bout. A higher Hazard Score is associated with a higher likelihood that an athlete will decrease velocity, while a low Hazard Score is associated with a higher likelihood that the athlete will increase velocity. Purpose: To determine the effect of a non-uniform pacing strategy utilizing two random 1-km bursts on Hazard Score and power output (PO) trends during 20-km cycling time trials. Methods: 10 subjects (8 males, 2 females) completed a maximal incremental exercise test, as well as one habituation, one steady state (SS) 20-km trial and two of four possible variations in non-uniform (BURST) pacing templates in order to compare the evolution of Hazard Score within trials. Each trial was separated by at least 48 hours. PO, heart rate (HR), and blood lactate were measured for each trial, as well as maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) during the incremental test. RPE was recorded at the end of each kilometer using the Category Ratio scale of RPE. Regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between Hazard Score and subsequent change in the PO. Results: A moderate correlation (r=0.36) was found between Hazard Score and change in PO across all trials. No significant difference was found between Hazard Score evolution during STEADY STAT and BURST trials. Conclusion: This study showed that Hazard Score is a moderately effective predictor of PO changes during a 20-km cycling event when utilizing a non-uniform pacing template.
Investigation Into The Effect Of Warm Up On Intermittent Sprint Performance
DOWNLOAD
Author : Pongson Yaicharoen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Investigation Into The Effect Of Warm Up On Intermittent Sprint Performance written by Pongson Yaicharoen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Exercise categories.
[Truncated abstract] This PhD thesis consists of three separate but linked studies that focus on the concept of warm-up (WUP). While WUP is regularly performed prior to exercise by many athletes, its effect on subsequent exercise performance is equivocal. While there are many reasons for varying results between studies, it is possible that the intensity of WUP plays an important role in the outcome of subsequent exercise performance. Therefore, the aim of the first study was to investigate the effect of various WUP intensities (all based around individual lactate thresholds) on subsequent intermittent sprint performance (ISP), as well as the first sprint of ISP. A second aim of this first study was to determine which temperature (muscle; Tmu, rectal; Tre or body; Tb) best correlated with exercise performance (total work, power output of the first sprint and percentage work and power decrement). Results from this first study found no significant differences (P > 0.05) between any of the WUP conditions for any performance variable assessed. There was however, a tendency (ES {601} 0.5) for improved first sprint and ISP after a WUP that was performed at an intensity midway between lactate inflection (LI) and anaerobic threshold (also known as lactate threshold: LT). Further, there were no significant correlations between Tmu, Tre, or Tb assessed immediately after each WUP condition and any of the performance measures. ... The third study aimed to investigate the effect of an active WUP (performed at an intensity determined from study one) on prolonged ISP (80 min), as well as the first sprint of prolonged ISP, performed in hot and humid environmental conditions (35oC, 50% RH), compared to cooler conditions (~20-25oC, 20-40% RH). This study also assessed the effects of an active WUP compared to a passive WUP on 80 min of ISP undertaken in the heat (35oC, 50% RH). The only significant result for this study was represented by significantly improved peak power for the first sprint of prolonged IPS following passive WUP, compared to both active WUP conditions. Results from this study suggest that the main benefits of WUP are derived from temperature-related effects. Moreover, similar results for ISP performance following active compared to passive WUP may be explained by the following: (1) subjects used a pacing strategy throughout the exercise protocol; (2) the initial sprints performed following passive WUP provided similar effects to an active WUP over the period of prolonged exercise; (3) the effects of active and passive WUP diminish in a similar manner over the course of prolonged ISP, or (4) the metabolic and energy consequences of prolonged ISP override any benefits associated with WUP. Finally, environmental conditions did not have an effect on prolonged ISP or the first sprint of ISP that was preceded by an active WUP. These results may be related to core temperature values that did not reach critical levels proposed to impair exercise performance during exercise in hot and humid environmental conditions. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of different WUP intensities (based on lactate thresholds) to those used in these studies on subsequent ISP in order to determine if a significant effect can be elicited. Of importance, a power analyses needs to be determined in order to make sure that participant numbers are adequate.
Pacing In Sport And Exercise
DOWNLOAD
Author : Andrew Edwards
language : en
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Release Date : 2014-07
Pacing In Sport And Exercise written by Andrew Edwards and has been published by Nova Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07 with Cardiac pacing categories.
Pacing in sport and exercise: a psychophysiological perspective is the first book which comprehensively examines the way humans pace exercise and sporting activities. This concept represents an exciting opportunity to combine the latest physiological and psychological theories with practical sport and exercise applications. The book will be an essential read for sport and exercise science academics, students, coaches, athletes and general exercise enthusiasts. Pacing is the strategy by which effort is managed across an exercise bout in relation to a specific goal and in the knowledge of the likely demands of the task. It is widely recognised that individuals distribute effort across a task and this is in evidence during all non-reflex exercise situations where individuals are able to receive and act upon neural feedback from peripheral physiologic systems. As such, pacing across a wide range of sport and exercise contexts is investigated and explained. Sporting activities as diverse as sprinting, soccer, triathlon, rowing and cycling are discussed. In addition, training methodologies to improve the ability to self-pace exercise are reviewed and a self-regulatory system to optimise training across all exercise types is proposed. Templates for consolidating training sessions, design and monitoring strategies are included. Pacing in relation to specific population groups such as children, overweight/obese individuals and those with chronic or acute illnesses is also discussed. Finally, it is hoped this new book will stimulate further research, growth and awareness of this important topic.
The Handbook Of Operator Fatigue
DOWNLOAD
Author : Gerald Matthews
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-11-01
The Handbook Of Operator Fatigue written by Gerald Matthews and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Fatigue is a recognized problem in many facets of the human enterprise. It is not confined to any one area of activity but enters all situations in which humans have to perform for extended intervals of time. Most problematic are the circumstances in which obligatory action is continuous and the results of failure are evidently serious or even catastrophic. Therefore, the modern media especially highlights fatigue-related failures in industries such as transportation, materials processing and healthcare. It can be, and indeed is, no coincidence that most of the spectacular failures in process control that have resulted in the world's largest industrial accidents have occurred in the small hours of the morning when the circadian rhythm is lowest and operator fatigue itself peaks. While there have been legislative efforts made at state, federal and international levels to regulate working hours of employees, the appropriate implementation of such legislation is still a long way off. The Handbook of Operator Fatigue provides a comprehensive account of the subject to serve as the definitive reference work for researchers, students and practitioners alike. The volume features 30 chapters written by experts from around the world to address each important facet of fatigue, including: the scale of the fatigue problem (Section I), the nature of fatigue (Section II), how to assess fatigue (Section III), the impact of fatigue on health (Section IV), fatigue in the workplace (Section V), the neurological basis of fatigue (VI), sleep disorders (VII), and the design of countermeasures to fatigue (VIII).
Regulation Of Endurance Performance New Frontiers
DOWNLOAD
Author : Alexis R. Mauger
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-11-22
Regulation Of Endurance Performance New Frontiers written by Alexis R. Mauger and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-22 with Electronic book categories.
Successful endurance performance requires the integration of multiple physiological and psychological systems, working together to regulate exercise intensity in a way that will reduce time taken or increase work done. The systems that ultimately limit performance of the task are hotly contested, and may depend on a variety of factors including the type of task, the environment, external influences, training status of the individual and a host of psychological constructs. These factors can be studied in isolation, or inclusively as a whole-body or integrative system. A reductionist approach has traditionally been favoured, leading to a greater understanding and emphasis on muscle and cardiovascular physiology, but the role of the brain and how this integrates multiple systems is gaining momentum. However, these differing approaches may have led to false dichotomy, and now with better understanding of both fields, there is a need to bring these perspectives together. The divergent viewpoints of the limitations to human performance may have partly arisen because of the different exercise models studied. These can broadly be defined as open loop (where a fixed intensity is maintained until task disengagement), or closed loop (where a fixed distance is completed in the fastest time), which may involve whole-body or single-limb exercise. Closed loop exercise allows an analysis of how exercise intensity is self-regulated (i.e. pacing), and thus may better reflect the demands of competitive endurance performance. However, whilst this model can monitor changes in pacing, this is often at the expense of detecting subtle differences in the measured physiological or psychological variables of interest. Open loop exercise solves this issue, but is limited by its more restrictive exercise model. Nonetheless, much can be learnt from both experimental approaches when these constraints are recognised. Indeed, both models appear equally effective in examining changes in performance, and so the researcher should select the exercise model which can most appropriately test the study hypothesis. Given that a multitude of both internal (e.g. muscle fatigue, perception of effort, dietary intervention, pain etc.) and external (e.g. opponents, crowd presence, course topography, extrinsic reward etc.) factors likely contribute to exercise regulation and endurance performance, it may be that both models are required to gain a comprehensive understanding. Consequently, this research topic seeks to bring together papers on endurance performance from a variety of paradigms and exercise models, with the overarching aim of comparing, examining and integrating their findings to better understand how exercise is regulated and how this may (or may not) limit performance.
Thermoregulation And Human Performance
DOWNLOAD
Author : Frank E. Marino
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2008-01-01
Thermoregulation And Human Performance written by Frank E. Marino and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-01 with Medical categories.
Over the last decades, our understanding of the relationship between thermoregulation, performance and fatigue has changed dramatically. New advances in technology and methodology permitted the study of rising and decreasing body temperature on metabolism and provided insights into the role the nervous system plays in determining human performance under thermally stressful situations. Further analysis of previous research has been necessary in addition to considering theories derived from complimentary areas of research such as evolutionary biology, anthropology and cellular and molecular biology. This publication provides different interpretations of recent research for a better understanding of the limitations of thermoregulation. In particular, it presents evidence for the human's ability to anticipate thermal limits and adjust their performance accordingly so that cellular homeostasis is preserved. Further, the book is featuring the inclusion of the effect of reduced body temperature on muscular performance and endurance which today is a popular method for providing avenues of reduced thermal strain and recovery from exercise. This publication will be an essential read for those working in thermal medicine, exercise physiology and human performance.
High Intensity Exercise In Hypoxia Beneficial Aspects And Potential Drawbacks
DOWNLOAD
Author : Olivier Girard
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2018-01-25
High Intensity Exercise In Hypoxia Beneficial Aspects And Potential Drawbacks written by Olivier Girard and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-25 with categories.
In the past, ‘traditional’ moderate-intensity continuous training (60-75% peak heart rate) was the type of physical activity most frequently recommended for both athletes and clinical populations (cf. American College of Sports Medicine guidelines). However, growing evidence indicates that high-intensity interval training (80-100% peak heart rate) could actually be associated with larger cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic function benefits and, thereby, physical performance gains for athletes. Similarly, recent data in obese and hypertensive individuals indicate that various mechanisms – further improvement in endothelial function, reductions in sympathetic neural activity, or in arterial stiffness – might be involved in the larger cardiovascular protective effects associated with training at high exercise intensities. Concerning hypoxic training, similar trends have been observed from ‘traditional’ prolonged altitude sojourns (‘Live High Train High’ or ‘Live High Train Low’), which result in increased hemoglobin mass and blood carrying capacity. Recent innovative ‘Live Low Train High’ methods (‘Resistance Training in Hypoxia’ or ‘Repeated Sprint Training in Hypoxia’) have resulted in peripheral adaptations, such as hypertrophy or delay in muscle fatigue. Other interventions inducing peripheral hypoxia, such as vascular occlusion during endurance/resistance training or remote ischemic preconditioning (i.e. succession of ischemia/reperfusion episodes), have been proposed as methods for improving subsequent exercise performance or altitude tolerance (e.g. reduced severity of acute-mountain sickness symptoms). Postulated mechanisms behind these metabolic, neuro-humoral, hemodynamics, and systemic adaptations include stimulation of nitric oxide synthase, increase in anti-oxidant enzymes, and down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, although the amount of evidence is not yet significant enough. Improved O2 delivery/utilization conferred by hypoxic training interventions might also be effective in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases, as well as contributing to improve exercise tolerance and health status of patients. For example, in obese subjects, combining exercise with hypoxic exposure enhances the negative energy balance, which further reduces weight and improves cardio-metabolic health. In hypertensive patients, the larger lowering of blood pressure through the endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway and the associated compensatory vasodilation is taken to reflect the superiority of exercising in hypoxia compared to normoxia. A hypoxic stimulus, in addition to exercise at high vs. moderate intensity, has the potential to further ameliorate various aspects of the vascular function, as observed in healthy populations. This may have clinical implications for the reduction of cardiovascular risks. Key open questions are therefore of interest for patients suffering from chronic vascular or cellular hypoxia (e.g. work-rest or ischemia/reperfusion intermittent pattern; exercise intensity; hypoxic severity and exposure duration; type of hypoxia (normobaric vs. hypobaric); health risks; magnitude and maintenance of the benefits). Outside any potential beneficial effects of exercising in O2-deprived environments, there may also be long-term adverse consequences of chronic intermittent severe hypoxia. Sleep apnea syndrome, for instance, leads to oxidative stress and the production of reactive oxygen species, and ultimately systemic inflammation. Postulated pathophysiological changes associated with intermittent hypoxic exposure include alteration in baroreflex activity, increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and hematocrit, changes in heart structure and function, and an alteration in endothelial-dependent vasodilation in cerebral and muscular arteries. There is a need to explore the combination of exercising in hypoxia and association of hypertension, developmental defects, neuro-pathological and neuro-cognitive deficits, enhanced susceptibility to oxidative injury, and possibly increased myocardial and cerebral infarction in individuals sensitive to hypoxic stress. The aim of this Research Topic is to shed more light on the transcriptional, vascular, hemodynamics, neuro-humoral, and systemic consequences of training at high intensities under various hypoxic conditions.
Fatigue In Sport And Exercise
DOWNLOAD
Author : Shaun Phillips
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2024-03-14
Fatigue In Sport And Exercise written by Shaun Phillips and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-14 with Medical categories.
Fatigue is an important concern for athletes at all levels, recreational sport and exercise participants, athletic coaches, personal trainers, and fitness professionals. The study of fatigue is also important for students of the sport, exercise, and health sciences, as it enables a deeper understanding of fundamental physical function and the limitations behind human performance. There remains considerable debate about the definition of fatigue, what causes it, its impact during different forms of sport and exercise, and the multitude of factors that can influence the nature and severity of fatigue. The vast body of literature in these areas can make it challenging to understand what we know and what we still need to understand about fatigue in sport and exercise. The second edition of this book presents a fully revised and updated overview of the contemporary research evidence into sport and exercise fatigue. The book examines the latest thinking into how we conceptualise fatigue, as well as how we measure it. The fundamental science of fatigue is introduced, focussing predominantly on physiological aspects of energy depletion, metabolic acidosis, environmental challenges, electrolytes and minerals, and the perception of fatigue as it relates to mental fatigue and the central regulation of sport and exercise performance. Each chapter includes real case studies from sport and exercise, as well as useful features to aid learning and understanding such as definitions of key terms, guides to further reading, and discussion questions. Fatigue in Sport and Exercise, Second Edition is an invaluable companion for any degree-level course in sport and exercise science, fitness and training, or strength and conditioning.
The Protein Pacing Diet
DOWNLOAD
Author : Dr Paul J. Arciero
language : en
Publisher: Outskirts Press
Release Date : 2019-02-22
The Protein Pacing Diet written by Dr Paul J. Arciero and has been published by Outskirts Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-22 with Health & Fitness categories.
KEEP YOUR EYES ON THE PRISE! Proof that self-care is the new healthcare, powered by PROTEIN PACING(R) and the PRISE(R) LIFE Dr. Paul J. Arciero is the world's leading nutrition, exercise and applied physiology scientist and keynote speaker. In his compelling new book he presents the science behind the way we are exercising and eating is all wrong. His human clinical research findings have been condensed into a single guide designed to help the everyday overstressed busy person, weekend warriors, and even Olympians get off the crazy-diet roller coaster and live with optimal health and performance. His scientifically proven PRISE Life Protocol, powered by his Protein Pacing Diet, is healthier and easier than fad diets and the overexertion of most exercise routines. Dr. Paul's Protein Pacing & PRISE Life secrets are finally revealed - from what to eat and when to eat using his 'Morning Muscle Maximizer' and 'Bedtime Bellyfat Burner', to debunking the many health, fitness, and diet myths that arise daily. Consulted by the highest level media outlets - O Magazine, The Wall Street Journal, Fox News, Prevention, Good Housekeeping, WebMD, TIME, Huffington Post, Glamour, Women's Health, Men's Health, and many more - he answers the call to share his knowledge. It's time to join the millions of people worldwide who have heard his message: Put an end to fad diets and harmful exercise programs, and 'Never Diet Again' by Keeping Your Eyes on the PRISE!
