Reproduction And Adaptation
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Reproduction And Adaptation
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Author : C. G. Nicholas Mascie-Taylor
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2011-01-13
Reproduction And Adaptation written by C. G. Nicholas Mascie-Taylor and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-13 with Science categories.
In the space of one generation major changes have begun to take place in the field of human reproduction. A rapid increase in the control of fertility and the understanding and treatment of sexual health issues have been accompanied by an emerging threat to reproductive function linked to increasing environmental pollution and dramatic changes in lifestyle. Organised around four key themes, this book provides a valuable review of some of the most important recent findings in human reproductive ecology. Major topics include the impact of the environment on reproduction, the role of physical activity and energetics in regulating reproduction, sexual maturation and ovulation assessment and demographic, health and family planning issues. Both theoretical and practical issues are covered, including the evolution and importance of the menopause and the various statistical methods by which researchers can analyse characteristics of the menstrual cycle in field studies.
Reproduction And Adaptation
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Author : C. G. N. Mascie-Taylor
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014-05-14
Reproduction And Adaptation written by C. G. N. Mascie-Taylor and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-14 with Fertility, Human categories.
Examination of human reproductive ecology focussing on environmental, demographic, health and family planning issues.
Adaptation And Environment
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Author : Robert N. Brandon
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2014-07-14
Adaptation And Environment written by Robert N. Brandon and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-14 with Science categories.
By focusing on the crucial role of environment in the process of adaptation, Robert Brandon clarifies definitions and principles so as to help make the argument of evolution by natural selection empirically testable. He proposes that natural selection is the process of differential reproduction resulting from differential adaptedness to a common selective environment. Originally published in 1990. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Reproductive Ecology And Human Evolution
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Author : Peter T. Ellison
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-09-04
Reproductive Ecology And Human Evolution written by Peter T. Ellison and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-04 with Social Science categories.
The study of human reproductive ecology represents an important new development in human evolutionary biology. Its focus is on the physiology of human reproduction and evidence of adaptation, and hence the action of natural selection, in that domain. But at the same time the study of human reproductive ecology provides an important perspective on the historical process of human evolution, a lens through which we may view the forces that have shaped us as a species. In the end, all actions of natural selection can be reduced to variation in the reproductive success of individuals.Peter Ellison is one of the pioneers in the fast growing area of reproductive ecology. He has collected for this volume the research of thirty-one of the most active and influential scientists in the field. Thanks to recent noninvasive techniques, these contributors can present direct empirical data on the effect of a broad array of ecological, behavioral, and constitutional variables on the reproductive processes of humans as well as wild primates. Because biological evolution is cumulative, however, organisms in the present must be viewed as products of the selective forces of past environments. The study of adaptation thus often involves inferences about formative ecological relationships that may no longer exist, or not in the same form. Making such inferences depends on carefully weighing a broad range of evidence drawn from studies of contemporary ecological variation, comparative studies of related taxonomies, and paleontological and genetic evidence of evolutionary history. The result of this inquiry sheds light not only on the functional aspects of an organism's contemporary biology but also on its evolutionary history and the selective forces that have shaped it through time.Encompassing a range of viewpoints--controversy along with consensus--this far-ranging collection offers an indispensable guide for courses in biological anthropology, human biology, and primatology, along with
Reproductive Adaptation Of Rice To Environmental Stress
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Author : Yoji Takeoka
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Reproductive Adaptation Of Rice To Environmental Stress written by Yoji Takeoka and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Science categories.
In rice culture, where seed production is the primary objective, the process of spikelet formation is of major interest. The number and development of spikelets which are differentiated by the panicle directly affect the grain yield. Moreover, the spikelet formation process, especially the stage of differentiation and development of generative cells and the flower-fertilization stage, is the most sensitive to environmental stresses. Subjection to environmental stress at this stage results in severe injuries with consequent reduction in the yield. These stresses include temperature stress, physiological stresses associated with soil, high salinity, flood, drought and fungus infection. The response of the plant differs according to the developmental stage at which it experiences the stress. Thus, an understanding of rice reproductive function and physiology is extremely important to make clear how the morphogenesis of rice spikelets, and especially that of the reproductive organs, takes place, and indeed how it is altered under various stress conditions. Here also, the mode of adaptation of rice plants to environmental stress is discussed, with the conclusion that the plant changes its propagation strategies from sexual reproduction to asexual through vegetative proliferation in order to preserve its descendents. Only a very few studies have been undertaken on sexual organogenesis, sex expression and mode of propogation. Though the information in this book is restricted to the rice plant, this knowledge can be applied to other crops and non-crop plants. It has been written not only for researchers and students in agronomy who are concerned with rice studies and production, but also, for those who are concerned with reproductive physiology and morphogenesis. Many scanning electron microscope pictures and other figures are provided for the sake of clarity and as an aid to the understanding of the reader.
Adaptations
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Author : Monika Davies
language : en
Publisher: Teacher Created Materials
Release Date : 2015-07-20
Adaptations written by Monika Davies and has been published by Teacher Created Materials this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-20 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
This high-interest informational text will help students gain science content knowledge while building their literacy skills and nonfiction reading comprehension. This appropriately leveled nonfiction science reader features hands-on, simple science experiments and full-color images and graphics. Fourth grade students will learn all about adaptation through this engaging text that is aligned to the Next Generation Science Standards and supports STEM education.
Adaptation And Natural Selection
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Author : George Christopher Williams
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2018-10-30
Adaptation And Natural Selection written by George Christopher Williams and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-30 with Science categories.
Biological evolution is a fact—but the many conflicting theories of evolution remain controversial even today. When Adaptation and Natural Selection was first published in 1966, it struck a powerful blow against those who argued for the concept of group selection—the idea that evolution acts to select entire species rather than individuals. Williams’s famous work in favor of simple Darwinism over group selection has become a classic of science literature, valued for its thorough and convincing argument and its relevance to many fields outside of biology. Now with a new foreword by Richard Dawkins, Adaptation and Natural Selection is an essential text for understanding the nature of scientific debate.
Sex And Evolution Mpb 8 Volume 8
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Author : George Christopher Williams
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-03-31
Sex And Evolution Mpb 8 Volume 8 written by George Christopher Williams and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-31 with Science categories.
This book explores the relationship between various types of reproduction and the evolutionary process. Starting with the concept of meiosis, George C. Williams states the conditions under which an organism with both sexual and asexual reproductive capacities will employ each mode. He argues that in low-fecundity higher organisms, sexual reproduction is generally maladaptive, and persists because there is no ready means of developing an asexual alternative. The book then considers the evolutionary development of diverse forms of sexuality, such as anisogamy, hermaphroditism. and the evolution of differences between males and females in reproductive strategy. The final two chapters examine the effect of genetic recombination on the evolutionary process itself.
Physiological Adaptations For Breeding In Birds
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Author : Tony D. Williams
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2012-08-05
Physiological Adaptations For Breeding In Birds written by Tony D. Williams and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-05 with Nature categories.
Physiological Adaptations for Breeding in Birds is the most current and comprehensive account of research on avian reproduction. It develops two unique themes: the consideration of female avian reproductive physiology and ecology, and an emphasis on individual variation in life-history traits. Tony Williams investigates the physiological, metabolic, energetic, and hormonal mechanisms that underpin individual variation in the key female-specific reproductive traits and the trade-offs between these traits that determine variation in fitness. The core of the book deals with the avian reproductive cycle, from seasonal gonadal development, through egg laying and incubation, to chick rearing. Reproduction is considered in the context of the annual cycle and through an individual's entire life history. The book focuses on timing of breeding, clutch size, egg size and egg quality, and parental care. It also provides a primer on female reproductive physiology and considers trade-offs and carryover effects between reproduction and other life-history stages. In each chapter, Williams describes individual variation in the trait of interest and the evolutionary context for trait variation. He argues that there is only a rudimentary, and in some cases nonexistent, understanding of the physiological mechanisms that underpin individual variation in the major reproductive life-history traits, and that research efforts should refocus on these key unresolved problems by incorporating detailed physiological studies into existing long-term population studies, generating a new synthesis of physiology, ecology, and evolutionary biology.
Evolutionary Perspectives On Human Reproductive Behavior
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Author : Dori LeCroy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Evolutionary Perspectives On Human Reproductive Behavior written by Dori LeCroy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Psychology categories.
A central aspect of human adaptation - reproductive behaviour - is studied through the multiple lenses of philosophy, biology, psychology and anthropology, all united by an evolutionary perspective. Although reproduction is an intrinsic mechanism of evolution, this colloquium shows that reproductive behaviours yield new significance for evolution theory when re-examined in a multidisciplinary setting. This volume focuses on explication of the adaptive, evolved nature of our own reproduction with topics such as how mate choice shaped human nature; symmetry in mate selection; the evolution of moral dispositions; and the sexist order of the bonobos. This look at reproduction as a mechanism of human evolution reveals underlying physiologic mechanisms, as well as comparative and interesting cross-cultural aspects that emerge from social sciences and anthropology.