Research Methods In Ecology Classic Reprint
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Research Methods In Ecology Classic Reprint
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Author : Frederic Edward Clements
language : en
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2017-11-19
Research Methods In Ecology Classic Reprint written by Frederic Edward Clements and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-19 with Science categories.
Excerpt from Research Methods in Ecology Grateful acknowledgment for criticisms and suggestions is made to Pro fessor Doctor Charles E. Bessey and Professor Doctor Roscoe Pound, who have read the text. The author is under especial obligations to Doctor Edith S. Clements for the drawings of leaf types, as well as for reading and crit icising the manuscript. Professor Goodwin D. Swezey, Professor of As tronomy in the University of Nebraska, has kindly furnished much material for the determination of the sun's altitude, and consequent light intensities, and has read the section devoted to light. Mr. George A. Loveland, Di rector of the Nebraska Section of the U. S. Weather Bureau, has contributed many helpful suggestions to the discussion of meteorological instruments. To Nella Schlesinger, Alice Venters, and George L. Fawcett, advanced stu dents in experimental ecology, the author is indebted for many experiments which have been used in the discussion of adjustment and adaptation. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Research Methods In The Study Of Forest Environment Classic Reprint
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Author : Carlos G. Bates
language : en
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2017-10-25
Research Methods In The Study Of Forest Environment Classic Reprint written by Carlos G. Bates and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-25 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Excerpt from Research Methods in the Study of Forest Environment This bulletin will be concerned wholly with ecological forest studies. 1 To some it may seem strange that the word ecological should be used rather than the more inclusive biological. The choice is a question of aims and objectives. Ecological better expresses the objects of the knowledge foresters seek to gain. The practice of forestry is in a very large degree the application of ecology. As an example, a forester may be only slightly interested in the abstract. Physiological fact that trees require sunlight for their development. This fact is taken as a matter of'course and allowed for. When, however, he finds that one of two species with which he is dealing requires much more sunlight than the other, or, in other words, does not react so readily to the stimulus of sunlight, the forester then finds a keen interest, because it is a practical interest, in this ecological factor and its relations. Or, again, the matter may be expressed in this way: The forester, in dealing with'a given species, feels that he is dealing with a bio logical entity whose characters he may know minutely or generally but which he can not change, except possibly through long-term breeding. On the other hand, the environment of this entity can to a considerable degree be controlled, and its reactions to changes in environment can be observed. His concern is therefore not with the physiological functioning in relation to a given environment. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Research Methods In Ecology
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Author : FREDERIC EDWARD. CLEMENTS
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Research Methods In Ecology written by FREDERIC EDWARD. CLEMENTS and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Research Methods In Ecology
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Author : Frederic Edward Clements
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1905
Research Methods In Ecology written by Frederic Edward Clements and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1905 with Ecology categories.
Plant Succession
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Author : Frederic E. Clements
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015-08-05
Plant Succession written by Frederic E. Clements and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-05 with Science categories.
Excerpt from Plant Succession: An Analysis of the Development of Vegetation The present book constitutes the general part of a monograph on Rocky Mountain vegetation which has been under way since 1899. It is hoped that another volume dealing with the details of the development and structure of the climax formations of the Great Plains, Rocky Mountains, and Great Basin may appear subsequently. The general principles advanced here are an outgrowth of the treatment in the "Development and Structure of Vegetation" (1904) and "Research Methods in Ecology" (1905), in which an endeavor to organize the whole field of present-day succession was made for the first time. The studies of the past decade have confirmed and broadened the original concepts, and have led irresistibly to the conclusion that they are of universal application. The summer of 1913 and the spring and summer of 1914 were spent in testing both principles and processes throughout the vegetation of the western half of the continent. The area scrutinized extends from the Great Plains to the Pacific Coast and from the Canadian Rockies to the Mexican boundary. The great climax formations of this region were traversed repeatedly, and their development and relations subjected to critical analysis and comparison. As a consequence, it is felt that the earlier concept of the formation as a complex organism with a characteristic development and structure in harmony with a particular habitat is not only fully justified, but that it also represents the only complete and adequate view of vegetation. This concept has been broadened and definitized by the recognition of the developmental unity of the habitat. As a result, formation and habitat are regarded as the two inseparable phases of a development which terminates in a climax controlled by climate. Hence, the basic climax community is taken to be the formation, which exhibits seral or developmental stages as well as climax units. It is hardly necessary to point out that this places the study of vegetation upon a purely developmental basis, which is as objective as it is definite. The recognition of development as the cause and explanation of all existing climax formations forced the conclusion that all vegetation has been developmentally related; in short, that every climax formation has its phylogeny as well as its ontogeny. This led at once to the further assumption that the processes or functions of vegetation to-day must have been essentially those of the geological past, and that the successional principles and processes seen in existing seres hold equally well for the analysis of each eosere. As a consequence, it has been possible to sketch in bold outline the succession of plant populations in the various eras and periods, and to organize in tentative fashion the new field of paleo-ecology. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Guide To The Study Of Animal Ecology Classic Reprint
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Author : Charles C. Adams
language : en
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2017-12
Guide To The Study Of Animal Ecology Classic Reprint written by Charles C. Adams and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12 with Science categories.
Excerpt from Guide to the Study of Animal Ecology This book is not intended as a treatise on the sci ence of ecology; its aim is primarily educational. This is the justification, if any were necessary, for placing emphasis upon the point of view and the importance of an understanding of explanatory pro cesses and of the methods of scientific investigation. Any adequate treatment of this subject would ex oecd the space of this volume and it is reserved for future elaboration. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Scientific Method For Ecological Research
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Author : E. David Ford
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2000-04-13
Scientific Method For Ecological Research written by E. David Ford and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-04-13 with Science categories.
Scientists tend to take the thought processes that drive their research for granted, often learning them indirectly by observing their supervisors and colleagues. This book emphasizes the advantages of being explicit about these thought processes and aims to help those undertaking ecological research to develop a critical attitude to approaching a scientific problem and constructing a procedure for assessment. The outcome is a text that provides a framework for understanding methodological issues and which assists with the effective definition and planning of ecological research. As such, it represents a unique resource for anyone embarking on their research career. It also provides a valuable source of information for those more experienced researchers who are seeking to strengthen the methodology underlying their studies or who have an interest in the analysis of research methods in ecology.
Ecological Methods
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Author : Peter A. Henderson
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2016-04-04
Ecological Methods written by Peter A. Henderson and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-04 with Science categories.
4th edition of this classic Ecology text Computational methods have largely been replaced by descriptions of the available software Includes procedure information for R software and other freely available software systems Now includes web references for equipment, software and detailed methodologies
Handbook Of Research Methods And Applications In Environmental Studies
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Author : Matthias Ruth,
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2015-08-28
Handbook Of Research Methods And Applications In Environmental Studies written by Matthias Ruth, and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-28 with Political Science categories.
This Handbook presents methods to advance the understanding of interdependencies between the well-being of human societies and the performance of their biophysical environment. It showcases applications to material and energy use; urbanization and tech
Handbook Of Quantitative Ecology
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Author : Justin Kitzes
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2022-08-16
Handbook Of Quantitative Ecology written by Justin Kitzes and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-16 with Nature categories.
An essential guide to quantitative research methods in ecology and conservation biology, accessible for even the most math-averse student or professional. Quantitative research techniques have become increasingly important in ecology and conservation biology, but the sheer breadth of methods that must be understood—from population modeling and probabilistic thinking to modern statistics, simulation, and data science—and a lack of computational or mathematics training have hindered quantitative literacy in these fields. In this book, ecologist Justin Kitzes addresses those challenges for students and practicing scientists alike. Requiring only basic algebra and the ability to use a spreadsheet, Handbook of Quantitative Ecology is designed to provide a practical, intuitive, and integrated introduction to widely used quantitative methods. Kitzes builds each chapter around a specific ecological problem and arrives, step by step, at a general principle through the process of solving that problem. Grouped into five broad categories—difference equations, probability, matrix models, likelihood statistics, and other numerical methods—the book introduces basic concepts, starting with exponential and logistic growth, and helps readers to understand the field’s more advanced subjects, such as bootstrapping, stochastic optimization, and cellular automata. Complete with online solutions to all numerical problems, Kitzes’s Handbook of Quantitative Ecology is an ideal coursebook for both undergraduate and graduate students of ecology, as well as a useful and necessary resource for mathematically out-of-practice scientists.