Rethinking Scientific Change And Theory Comparison

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Rethinking Scientific Change And Theory Comparison

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Author : Léna Soler
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-05-29

Rethinking Scientific Change And Theory Comparison written by Léna Soler and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-05-29 with Science categories.

LÉNA SOLER This volume is a collection of essays devoted to the analysis of scientific change and stability. It represents the most recent thinking on the topic of incommensurability and scientific theory change. It explores the balance and tension that exists between commensurability and continuity (or stabilities) on the one hand, and incommen- rability and discontinuity (or ruptures) on the other. And it discusses some central epistemological consequences regarding the nature of scientific progress, rationality and realism. With respect to these topics, it investigates a number of new avenues and revisits some familiar issues, with a focus on the history and philosophy of physics, in a way that is informed by developments in cognitive sciences as well as the claims of “New experimentalists”. The essays in this book are fully revised versions of papers which were ori- nally presented at the international colloquium, “Repenser l’évaluation comparative des théories scientifiques: stabilités, ruptures, incommensurabilités?” organized by Léna Soler and Paul Hoyningen-Huene at the University of Nancy, France, in June 2004. Each paper is followed by a critical comment, which either represents an opposing viewpoint or suggests some developments. The conference was a striking example of the sort of genuine dialogue that can take place between philosophers of science, historians of science and scientists who come from different traditions and endorse opposing commitments. I hope that this is evident in the book too and that it will constitute one of its attractions.

Knowing Science

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Author : Alexander Bird
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022

Knowing Science written by Alexander Bird and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Philosophy categories.

Knowing Science argues for an epistemology of science that gives a central place to the concept of knowledge. Alexander Bird argues that science proceeds by inference to the only explanation, and rejects general metascientific realism and antirealism.

French Studies In The Philosophy Of Science

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Author : Anastasios Brenner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-04-14

French Studies In The Philosophy Of Science written by Anastasios Brenner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-04-14 with Science categories.

Having examined previous volumes of the Boston Studies series devoted to different countries, and having discussed the best way to present contemporary research in France, we have arrived at a careful selection of 15 participants, including the organizers. Our aim is to bring together philosophers and practicing scientist from the major institutions of the country, both universities and research centers. The areas of research represented here cover a wide spectrum of sciences, from mathematics and physics to the life sciences, as well as linguistics and economics. This selection is a showcase of French philosophy of science, illustrating the different methods employed: logico-linguistic analysis, rational reconstruction and historical inquiry. These participants have the ability to relate their research both to the French tradition and current discussions on the international scene. Also included is a substantial historical introduction, explaining the development of philosophy of science in France, the various schools of thought and methods as well as the major concepts and their significance.

Models And Idealizations In Science

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Author : Alejandro Cassini
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-05-27

Models And Idealizations In Science written by Alejandro Cassini and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-27 with Philosophy categories.

This book provides both an introduction to the philosophy of scientific modeling and a contribution to the discussion and clarification of two recent philosophical conceptions of models: artifactualism and fictionalism. These can be viewed as different stances concerning the standard representationalist account of scientific models. By better understanding these two alternative views, readers will gain a deeper insight into what a model is as well as how models function in different sciences. Fictionalism has been a traditional epistemological stance related to antirealist construals of laws and theories, such as instrumentalism and inferentialism. By contrast, the more recent fictional view of models holds that scientific models must be conceived of as the same kind of entities as literary characters and places. This approach is essentially an answer to the ontological question concerning the nature of models, which in principle is not incompatible with a representationalist account of the function of models. The artifactual view of models is an approach according to which scientific models are epistemic artifacts, whose main function is not to represent the phenomena but rather to provide epistemic access to them. It can be conceived of as a non-representationalist and pragmatic account of modeling, which does not intend to focus on the ontology of models but rather on the ways they are built and used for different purposes. The different essays address questions such as the artifactual view of idealization, the use of information theory to elucidate the concepts of abstraction and idealization, the deidealization of models, the nature of scientific fictions, the structural account of representation and the ontological status of structures, the role of surrogative reasoning with models, and the use of models for explaining and predicting physical phenomena.

The Routledge Handbook Of Philosophy Of Scientific Modeling

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Author : Tarja Knuuttila
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2024-09-05

The Routledge Handbook Of Philosophy Of Scientific Modeling written by Tarja Knuuttila and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-05 with Philosophy categories.

Models and modeling have played an increasingly important role in philosophy, going back to the nineteenth century. While philosophical interest in models has been remarkably lively over the last two decades, there are still many underexplored questions. The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Scientific Modeling is an outstanding reference source and guide to this fast-growing area and is the first volume of its kind. Comprised of 40 specially commissioned chapters by an international team of contributors, the Handbook is organized into five clear parts: Historical and General Perspectives Philosophical Accounts of Modeling Methodological Aspects: Model Construction, Evaluation, and Calibration Related Topics Modeling in the Wild. Within these parts, the Handbook covers a diverse range of topics, including historical perspectives on modeling, the relationship between models, theories, representation, idealization, and understanding, and related topics like big data, simulation, and statistical and computational modeling. Different kinds of models are discussed, for example, network models, financial models, and climate and synthetic models. The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Scientific Modeling is essential reading for students and scholars of philosophy of science, formal epistemology, and philosophy of social sciences. It is also a valuable resource for those in related fields such as computer science and information technology.

The Routledge Handbook Of Philosophy Of Disagreement

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Author : Maria Baghramian
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2024-11-26

The Routledge Handbook Of Philosophy Of Disagreement written by Maria Baghramian and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-11-26 with Philosophy categories.

Disagreement is one of the deepest and most pervasive topics in philosophy; arguably its very bedrock, and is an ever-increasing feature of politics, ethics, public policy, science and many other areas. Despite the omnipresence of disagreement, the topic itself has received relatively little sustained examination. This outstanding handbook examines the philosophy of disagreement and how it extends to debates in public policy and science. Comprising 41 chapters by an international team of highly distinguished contributors, the Handbook is divided into six clear parts: Philosophy of Disagreement Epistemology of Disagreement Disagreement in Science Moral Disagreement Political Disagreement Disagreement and Public Policy Within these sections key topics are examined, including skepticism, truth, pluralism, feminist philosophy, philosophy of religion, epistemology of peer disagreement, ethics, metaethics, political philosophy, rationality, intellectual virtues, relativism, realism, instrumentalism, and scientific method. Ideal for those studying and researching philosophy and especially epistemology, ethics and philosophy of science, The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Disagreement will also be of interest to those in related disciplines such as politics, social policy and law.

Kuhn S Evolutionary Social Epistemology

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Author : K. Brad Wray
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2011-09-29

Kuhn S Evolutionary Social Epistemology written by K. Brad Wray and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-29 with Science categories.

Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962) has been enduringly influential in philosophy of science, challenging many common presuppositions about the nature of science and the growth of scientific knowledge. However, philosophers have misunderstood Kuhn's view, treating him as a relativist or social constructionist. In this book, Brad Wray argues that Kuhn provides a useful framework for developing an epistemology of science that takes account of the constructive role that social factors play in scientific inquiry. He examines the core concepts of Structure and explains the main characteristics of both Kuhn's evolutionary epistemology and his social epistemology, relating Structure to Kuhn's developed view presented in his later writings. The discussion includes analyses of the Copernican revolution in astronomy and the plate tectonics revolution in geology. The book will be useful for scholars working in science studies, sociologists and historians of science as well as philosophers of science.

Multidisciplinary Perspectives On Representational Pluralism In Human Cognition

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Author : Michel Bélanger
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-07-18

Multidisciplinary Perspectives On Representational Pluralism In Human Cognition written by Michel Bélanger and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-18 with Psychology categories.

Bringing together diverse theoretical and empirical contributions from the fields of social and cognitive psychology, philosophy and science education, this volume explores representational pluralism as a phenomenon characteristic of human cognition. Building on these disciplines’ shared interest in understanding human thought, perception and conceptual change, the volume illustrates how representational plurality can be conducive to research and practice in varied fields. Particular care is taken to emphasize points of convergence and the value of sharing discourses, models, justifications and theories of pluralism across disciplines. The editors give ample space for philosophers, cognitive scientists and educators to explicate the history and current status of representational pluralism in their own disciplines. Using multiple forms of research from the relational perspective, this volume will be of interest to students, scholars and researchers with an interest in cognitive psychology, as well as educational psychology and philosophy of science.

Academic Studies In Educational Sciences

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Author : Hülya Gur
language : en
Publisher: Livre de Lyon
Release Date : 2020-12-15

Academic Studies In Educational Sciences written by Hülya Gur and has been published by Livre de Lyon this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-15 with Education categories.

Academic Studies in Educational Sciences

Experimentation In The Sciences

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Author : Catherine Allamel-Raffin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-04-29

Experimentation In The Sciences written by Catherine Allamel-Raffin and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-29 with Science categories.

This book takes a novel approach by highlighting comparative and long-term historical perspectives on experimental practice. The juxtaposition of accounts of natural, social, and medical experimentation is very enlightening, especially because the authors put the emphasis on the different kinds of objects of experimentation (physical matter, chemical reagents, social groups, organizations, sick individuals, archeological remains) and demonstrate how much the kinds of objects matter for the practice of experimentation, its methods, tools, and methodologies. Taken together, the chapters raise several fascinating questions for further study: What do these different approaches have in common? Why do we call them “experimentation”? What are the intersections among the fields and their developments? The volume engages philosophical approaches that are not well known to Anglophone readers (Bachelard, Bergson, Bernard, Canguilhem, among others) and brings to attention a wealth of Francophone secondary literature on past and present scientific experimentation. The collection fills a yawning gap in science, science studies, and philosophy of science teaching, making it particularly valuable philosophers and historians of science in all subfields.