Risk Terrain Modeling Manual
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Risk Terrain Modeling Manual
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Author : Joel M. Caplan, Ph.d.
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
Release Date : 2010
Risk Terrain Modeling Manual written by Joel M. Caplan, Ph.d. and has been published by Createspace Independent Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Social Science categories.
RISK TERRAIN MODELING (RTM) is an approach to risk assessment that standardizes risk factors to common geographic units over a continuous surface. Separate map layers representing the presence, absence, or intensity of each risk factor at every place throughout a terrain is created in a Geographic Information System (GIS), and then all risk map layers are combined to produce a composite "risk terrain" map with attribute values that account for all risk factors at every location throughout the geography. RTM aids in strategic decision-making and tactical action by showing where conditions are ripe for events to occur in the future. This manual is offered as a primer on risk in the criminal event and demonstrates effective ways to apply RTM to crime analysis and policing operations. It begins with a review of the RTM approach to spatial risk assessment and presents a short overview of the theoretical underpinnings of criminological theory that have addressed the social and environmental factors that contribute to crime patterns, hotspots, and risk terrains. The second part details the technical steps for analysts to take in using ArcGIS software to develop risk terrain maps. The third and final part presents ideas of how RTM works in strategic and tactical decision-making, particularly within the context of the ACTION model for risk-based intelligence-led policing. With this manual, analysts can produce risk terrain maps that give actionable meaning to the relationships that exist between place-based indicators and crime outcomes. Planners can use this approach to develop strategic models to forecast where crime problems are likely to emerge and to engage in steps that might reduce risks of crime occurring in the future.
Risk Terrain Modeling Compendium
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Author : Joel M. Caplan
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
Release Date : 2011-07-27
Risk Terrain Modeling Compendium written by Joel M. Caplan and has been published by Createspace Independent Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-27 with Social Science categories.
Risk Terrain Modeling (RTM) is an approach to risk assessment in which separate map layers representing the spatial influence and intensity of a crime risk factor is created in a geographic information system (GIS). Then all map layers are combined to produce a composite risk terrain map with values that account for all risk factors at every place throughout the landscape. RTM builds upon principles of hotspot mapping, environmental criminology, and problem-oriented policing to produce maps that show where conditions are ideal or conducive for crimes to occur given the environmental contexts. RTM is a statistically valid way to articulate and communicate crime-prone areas at the micro-level according to the spatial influence of criminogenic features. The “Risk Terrain Modeling Manual” (2010) presented the theoretical framework and complete steps of RTM. The “Risk Terrain Modeling Compendium” presents applications and concepts of RTM that were not already discussed at length in the RTM Manual. Part 1 presents an overview of risk terrain modeling, explains the history of its development, and discusses techniques for operationalizing spatial influence. Part 2 is a series of literature reviews with risk factors that are known to be related to a variety of crime types. Part 3 demonstrates how RTM may be applied to different crime types and settings, and how it can be used for a variety of practical endeavors, such as forecasting crime or evaluating place-based interventions. Part 4 concludes the book with thought pieces about RTM's potential applications to research, technologies, and activities related to public safety and security.
Risk Terrain Modeling Diagnostics Rtmdx Utility User Manual
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Author : Joel M. Caplan
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2013-12
Risk Terrain Modeling Diagnostics Rtmdx Utility User Manual written by Joel M. Caplan and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12 with Social Science categories.
The Risk Terrain Modeling Diagnostics (RTMDx) is a software application for Risk Terrain Modeling (RTM) and for diagnosing spatial crime vulnerabilities. For more information about RTM, visit www.rutgerscps.org. The RTMDx Utility helps to identify and communicate environmental attractors of crime incidents at the micro level. Information products can be used to anticipate places that will be most suitable for illegal behavior, identify where new crime incidents will emerge and/or cluster, develop place-based interventions, strategically and tactically allocate resources, and prioritize efforts to mitigate crime risks.
Risk Terrain Modeling
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Author : Joel M. Caplan
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2016-06-28
Risk Terrain Modeling written by Joel M. Caplan and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-28 with Social Science categories.
Imagine using an evidence-based risk management model that enables researchers and practitioners alike to analyze the spatial dynamics of crime, allocate resources, and implement custom crime and risk reduction strategies that are transparent, measurable, and effective. Risk Terrain Modeling (RTM) diagnoses the spatial attractors of criminal behavior and makes accurate forecasts of where crime will occur at the microlevel. RTM informs decisions about how the combined factors that contribute to criminal behavior can be targeted, connections to crime can be monitored, spatial vulnerabilities can be assessed, and actions can be taken to reduce worst effects. As a diagnostic method, RTM offers a statistically valid way to identify vulnerable places. To learn more, visit http://www.riskterrainmodeling.com and begin using RTM with the many free tutorials and resources.
Analyzing And Visualizing Worldwide Spatial Data
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Author : Leslie Kennedy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012-09-04
Analyzing And Visualizing Worldwide Spatial Data written by Leslie Kennedy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-04 with categories.
With the impact of globalization and changes in the forces and relations of production, risks are no longer posed in isolation from each other. The intrinsic character of global threats and their low frequency of occurrence pose certain challenges in the operationalization of risk events. In a similar vein, the basic differences between the global risks themselves require analysts to approach each threat using a strategy that combines common methodology with analysis that is unique to each condition. The main intent of this book is to return to the principle that we can understand global crises not just on the basis of knowing what occurred prior to the incident that we are interested in, but also that we can understand the social, economic, political, and physical contexts in which crises occur. We consider the temporal as well as spatial factors that precede, interact with, and follow the incident's occurrence. This book equips the reader with the skills for responding to conceptual and methodological differences, challenges, and novelties of the data analysis process, and demonstrates effective ways to apply mapping techniques and risk terrain modeling methods to transnational data. We use the outbreaks of governmental internal armed conflict to demonstrate an application of risk terrain modeling (RTM) for spatial risk assessment at both the national and sub-national levels on a global extent. RTM can give actionable meaning to the relationships that exist between place-based indicators and damaging outcomes. Planners can use RTM methods to develop strategic models to forecast where problems are likely to emerge and to engage in steps that might reduce risks in the future and, potentially, avert crises altogether.In the first part of this book, we review the risk terrain modeling approach to spatial risk assessment and present a short overview of the theoretical underpinnings of globalization theory. In the second part we detail the technical steps of RTM for analysts to follow using ArcGIS software. In the third and final part, we present ideas about how RTM can be used for strategic and tactical decision-making.
Data Protection And Privacy Under Pressure
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Author : Gert Vermeulen
language : en
Publisher: Maklu
Release Date : 2017-12-04
Data Protection And Privacy Under Pressure written by Gert Vermeulen and has been published by Maklu this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-04 with Data protection categories.
Since the Snowden revelations, the adoption in May 2016 of the General Data Protection Regulation and several ground-breaking judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union, data protection and privacy are high on the agenda of policymakers, industries and the legal research community. Against this backdrop, Data Protection and Privacy under Pressure sheds light on key developments where individuals’ rights to data protection and privacy are at stake. The book discusses the persistent transatlantic tensions around various EU-US data transfer mechanisms and EU jurisdiction claims over non-EU-based companies, both sparked by milestone court cases. Additionally, it scrutinises the expanding control or surveillance mechanisms and interconnection of databases in the areas of migration control, internal security and law enforcement, and oversight thereon. Finally, it explores current and future legal challenges related to big data and automated decision-making in the contexts of policing, pharmaceutics and advertising.
Geographies Of Behavioural Health Crime And Disorder
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Author : Kim M. Lersch
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-01-01
Geographies Of Behavioural Health Crime And Disorder written by Kim M. Lersch and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-01 with Social Science categories.
This book focuses on the intersection of place and overall community health thereby focusing on some of the most critical contemporary social problems, including the opioid crisis, suicide, socioeconomic status and ethnicity, mental illness, crime, homelessness, green criminology, and social and environmental justice. Scholars from a variety of disciplines, including geography, sociology, criminology, mental health, social work, and behavioural sciences discuss the importance of geography in our quality of life. Each chapter introduces the reader to an overview of the topic, presents theoretical frameworks and the most recent empirical evidence, and discusses real world policy implications. As such this book is a key resource for researchers, policy makers, and practitioners working in the field.
The Oxford Handbook Of Criminological Theory
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Author : Francis T. Cullen
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2013-03-21
The Oxford Handbook Of Criminological Theory written by Francis T. Cullen and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-21 with Law categories.
This handbook presents a series of essays that captures not the past of criminology, but where theoretical explanation is headed. The volume is replete with ideas, discussions of substantive topics with salient theoretical implications, and reviews of literatures that illuminate avenues along which theory and research evolve.
Risk Based Policing
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Author : Leslie W. Kennedy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018-10-30
Risk Based Policing written by Leslie W. Kennedy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-30 with Social Science categories.
"Risk-based policing is the latest advancement in the long history of policing innovations, where research and planning have combined to manage crime risks, prevent crime, and enhance public safety. In Risk-Based Policing the authors share case studies from different agencies to demonstrate how focusing police resources at risky places, based on smart uses of data and strong analytical work, can address the worst effects of disorder and crime while improving public safety and community relations. Topics include the role of big data; the evolution of modern policing; dealing with high-risk targets; designing, implementing, and evaluating risk-based policing strategies; and the role of multiple stakeholders in risk-based policing. Case studies explore cities such as Colorado Springs, Glendale, Newark, Kansas City, and others. The book also demonstrates how Risk Terrain Modeling (RTM) can be extended to offer a more comprehensive view of prevention and deterrence"--Provided by publisher.
New Thinking In Giscience
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Author : Bin Li
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-06-30
New Thinking In Giscience written by Bin Li and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-30 with Computers categories.
This book is a collection of seminal position essays by leading researchers on new development in Geographic Information Sciences (GIScience), covering a wide range of topics and representing a variety of perspectives. The authors propose enrichments and extensions to the conceptual framework of GIScience; discuss a series of transformational methodologies and technologies for analysis and modeling; elaborate on key issues in innovative approaches to data acquisition and integration, across earth sensing to social sensing; and outline frontiers in application domains, spanning from natural science to humanities and social science, e.g., urban science, land use and planning, social governance, transportation, crime, and public health, just name a few. The book provides an overview of the strategic directions on GIScience research and development. It will benefit researchers and practitioners in the field who are seeking a high-level reference regarding those directions.