Safety Pharmacology In Pharmaceutical Development And Approval
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Safety Pharmacology In Pharmaceutical Development And Approval
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Author : Shayne C. Gad
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2003-08-26
Safety Pharmacology In Pharmaceutical Development And Approval written by Shayne C. Gad and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-08-26 with Medical categories.
The Propulsid and Seldane drug disasters could have easily been avoided with more rigorous safety pharmacology studies of these compounds prior to any human clinical trials. Unfortunately, safety pharmacology has been overlooked by all but a few developers. With recent drug withdrawals from the market and the implementation of the International Con
Safety Pharmacology In Pharmaceutical Development
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Author : Shayne C. Gad
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2012-04-26
Safety Pharmacology In Pharmaceutical Development written by Shayne C. Gad and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-26 with Medical categories.
Safety pharmacology is the evaluation and study of the pharmacological effects of a potential drug that are unrelated to the desired therapeutic effect. These effects often present a hazard-particularly in individuals with compromised or limited organ system functions.Safety Pharmacology in Pharmaceutical Development: Approval and Post Marketing Su
Drug Discovery And Evaluation Safety And Pharmacokinetic Assays
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Author : Franz J. Hock
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2024-11-17
Drug Discovery And Evaluation Safety And Pharmacokinetic Assays written by Franz J. Hock and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-11-17 with Medical categories.
Many aspects of drug safety have become an outstanding and even persistent issue and may occur during the process of both drug discovery and development. Until 15 years ago, drug discovery and evaluation was primarily a sequential process starting with the selection of the most pharmacologically active compound from a series of newly synthesized small molecule chemical series by means of distinctive pharmacological assays. Safety aspects were addressed by evaluation of the selected compound at high doses in a series of specific studies directed at indications other than the intended indication of the new compound. These tests are then followed by pharmacokinetic studies, which are primarily conducted to confirm whether the selected compound possesses a suitable half-life for sufficient exposure and efficacy and, whether it has the desired properties specificity to the intended route of administration. Safety aspects relied predominantly on the conduct of single and repeat toxicologydose studies, which inform changes in organ structure rather than organ function. Both toxicological and pharmacokinetic studies are adapted to the progress of studies in clinical pharmacology and clinical trials. The new edition of this well and broadly accepted reference work contains several innovative and distinguished chapters. This "sequential" strategy has been abandoned with this new version of the book for several reasons: - Of the possible multitude of negative effects that novel drugs may impart on organ function, e.g. ventricular tachy-arrhythmia, many are detected too late in non-clinical studies to inform clinicians. On the other hand, negative findings in chronic toxicity studies in animals may turn out to be irrelevant for human beings. - New scientific approaches, e.g. high-throughput screening, human pluripotent stem cells, transgenic animals, knock-out animals, in silico models, pharmaco-genomics and pharmaco-proteomics, as well as Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods offered new possibilities. - There are several examples, that show that the "druggability" of compounds was considerably underestimated when the probability of success of a new project was assessed. The success rate in the pharmaceutical industry and the introduction of new chemical entities to the market per year dropped dramatically, whereas the development time for a new compound increased, sometimes exceeding the patent protection. Research and development scientists, involving the following changes, therefore adopted a change of strategy: - Parallel instead of sequential involvement of the various disciplines (multidimensional compound optimization). - The term "Safety Pharmacology" was coined. The International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) founded a Safety Pharmacology Working Group and the Safety Pharmacology Society (SPS) was launched. The discipline provided for evaluation, development and validation of a multitude of safety tests outlined in the 'Core Battery of Studies'. - Characterizing the exposure profile of a drug by conducting pharmacokinetic studies that evaluates the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion should to be investigated at an early stage of development as results contribute to the selection of a compound for further development. Advancements in Toxicology were achieved by the introduction of new methods, e.g., in silico methods, genetic toxicology, computational toxicology and AI. The book is a landmark in the continuously changing world of drug research and developments. As such, it is essential reading for many groups: not only for all students of pharmacology and toxicology but also for industry scientists and physicians, especially those involved in clinical trials of drugs, and for pharmacists who must know the safety requirements of drugs. The book is essential for scientists and managers in the pharmaceutical industry who are involved in drug discovery, drug development and decision making in the development process. In particular, the book will be of use to government institutions and committees working on official guidelines for drug evaluation worldwide.
Nonclinical Safety Assessment
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Author : William J. Brock
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-03-05
Nonclinical Safety Assessment written by William J. Brock and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-05 with Medical categories.
Nonclinical Safety Assessment Nonclinical Safety Assessment A Guide to International Pharmaceutical Regulations Bringing a new drug to market is a costly time-consuming process. Increased regional and international regulation over the last twenty years, while necessary, has only served to amplify these costs. In response to this escalation, developmental strategies have shifted towards a more global approach. In order to create the most cost-effective and safe processes, it is critical for those bringing drugs to market to understand both the globally accepted regulations and the local variations. Nonclinical Safety Assessment: A Guide to International Pharmaceutical Regulations provides a practical description of nonclinical drug development regulations and requirements in the major market regions. It includes: ICH – the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use National regulations, including US FDA, Canada, Mercosur and Brazil, South Africa, China, Japan, India and Australia Repeated dose toxicity studies Carcinogenicity; Genotoxicity; Developmental and reproductive toxicology; Immunotoxicology Biotechnology-derived pharmaceuticals Vaccine development Phototoxicity and photocarcinogenicity Degradants, impurities, excipients and metabolites Primarily intended for those professionals actively involved in the nonclinical and clinical development of a pharmaceutical product, including toxicologists, pharmacologists, clinicians and project managers, this book provides a roadmap for successful new drug approval and marketing.
Emerging Safety Science
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2008-05-08
Emerging Safety Science written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-05-08 with Medical categories.
In recent years, the costs of new drug development have skyrocketed. The average cost of developing a new approved drug is now estimated to be $1.3 billion (DiMasi and Grabowski, 2007). At the same time, each year fewer new molecular entities (NMEs) are approved. DiMasi and Grabowski report that only 21.5 percent of the candidate drugs that enter phase I clinical testing actually make it to market. In 2007, just 17 novel drugs and 2 novel biologics were approved. In addition to the slowing rate of drug development and approval, recent years have seen a number of drugs withdrawn from the market for safety reasons. According to the Government Accountability Office (GAO), 10 drugs were withdrawn because of safety concerns between 2000 and March 2006 (GAO, 2006). Finding ways to select successful drug candidates earlier in development could save millions or even billions of dollars, reduce the costs of drugs on the market, and increase the number of new drugs with improved safety profiles that are available to patients. Emerging scientific knowledge and technologies hold the potential to enhance correct decision making for the advancement of candidate drugs. Identification of safety problems is a key reason that new drug development is stalled. Traditional methods for assessing a drug's safety prior to approval are limited in their ability to detect rare safety problems. Prior to receiving U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval, a drug will have been tested in hundreds to thousands of patients. Generally, drugs cannot confidently be linked to safety problems until they have been tested in tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of people. With current methods, it is unlikely that rare safety problems will be identified prior to approval. Emerging Safety Science: Workshop Summary summarizes the events and presentations of the workshop.
Advanced Issue Resolution In Safety Pharmacology
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Author : Mary Jeanne Kallman
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2018-09-07
Advanced Issue Resolution In Safety Pharmacology written by Mary Jeanne Kallman and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-07 with Medical categories.
Advanced Issue Resolution in Safety Pharmacology not only discusses unique issues that may emerge during the development of new medicines, but also provides detailed insights on how to resolve them. The book employs a valuable strategy that integrates preclinical findings with the clinical resolution of those findings. In addition, it introduces key interdisciplinary topics in an accessible and systematic format. Edited and written by leaders in the field of safety pharmacology, this book considerably advances the discussion on issue resolution topics, thus raising them to the next level of importance by providing scientists with an indispensable resource on solving safety issues.
Principles Of Safety Pharmacology
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Author : Michael K. Pugsley
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-06-19
Principles Of Safety Pharmacology written by Michael K. Pugsley and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-19 with Medical categories.
This book illustrates, in a comprehensive manner, the most current areas of importance to Safety Pharmacology, a burgeoning unique pharmacological discipline with important ties to academia, industry and regulatory authorities. It provides readers with a definitive collection of topics containing essential information on the latest industry guidelines and overviews current and breakthrough topics in both functional and molecular pharmacology. An additional novelty of the book is that it constitutes academic, pharmaceutical and biotechnology perspectives for Safety Pharmacology issues. Each chapter is written by an expert in the area and includes not only a fundamental background regarding the topic but also detailed descriptions of currently accepted, validated models and methods as well as innovative methodologies used in drug discovery.
Advanced Issue Resolution In Safety Pharmacology
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Author : Mary Jeanne Kallman
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2018-09-05
Advanced Issue Resolution In Safety Pharmacology written by Mary Jeanne Kallman and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-05 with Medical categories.
Advanced Issue Resolution in Safety Pharmacology not only discusses unique issues that may emerge during the development of new medicines, but also provides detailed insights on how to resolve them. The book employs a valuable strategy that integrates preclinical findings with the clinical resolution of those findings. In addition, it introduces key interdisciplinary topics in an accessible and systematic format. Edited and written by leaders in the field of safety pharmacology, this book considerably advances the discussion on issue resolution topics, thus raising them to the next level of importance by providing scientists with an indispensable resource on solving safety issues. Focuses on pharmacology issues that result during drug development and provides de-risking techniques and practical advice Covers a broad selection of topics, including specialized animal models, PBPK modeling, the use of high frequency EEG in problem-solving, drug-induced self-injury, abuse potential liability, biomarkers, imaging, and much more Focuses on the resolution of these issues in order to better address regulatory expectancies and develop safer, more effective drugs
Safety Evaluation Of Pharmaceuticals And Medical Devices
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Author : Shayne C. Gad
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-10-26
Safety Evaluation Of Pharmaceuticals And Medical Devices written by Shayne C. Gad and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-26 with Medical categories.
The inspiration for this text was the 1988 volume by Alder and Zbinden, written before the ICH harmonization process for drug safety evaluation (or its ISO analog for device biocompatibility evaluation) had been initiated or come to force. Since then, much has changed in both the world and practice of medicine and the regulation of drugs. The intent of this volume is to provide similar guidance as to what nonclinical safety assessment tests need to be performed to move a drug into man, through development and to market approved (this intent was subsequently extended to cover the closely related medical device biotechnology, and combination product fields) in a concise, abbreviated manner for all the major world market countries.
Development And Approval Of Combination Products
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Author : Evan B. Siegel
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2008-06-09
Development And Approval Of Combination Products written by Evan B. Siegel and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-06-09 with Medical categories.
A step-by-step, integrated approach for successful, FDA-approved combination drug products Using a proven integrated approach to combination drug development, this book guides you step by step through all the preclinical, clinical, and manufacturing stages. Written from an FDA regulatory perspective, the book not only enables you to bring a successful combination drug product to market, it also sets forth the most efficient and effective path to FDA approval. The book begins with an introductory chapter presenting definitions and basic regulatory principles of combination products. Next, it reviews manufacturing and controls, preclinical testing models, pharmacology, clinical testing, regulatory submissions, FDA reviews, and approvals. Among the key topics examined are: * The pharmacology, safety pharmacology, and toxicology supporting human clinical trials of combination products * Approaches to clinical trial protocol design and execution * Chemical, physicochemical, and analytical aspects of manufacturing controls and validation that lead to stable components for combination products * Key sponsor/FDA meetings and negotiations essential for approval and commercialization Case studies involving such actual combination products as Mylotarg, Herceptin, and HercepTest help you better understand how to implement the author's practical guidelines. References at the end of each chapter enable you to find more information on any stage of the development, manufacturing and approval processes. This book is ideal for researchers, regulators, academics, project managers, and executives involved in the complex process of combination product development. Not only does itoffer a comprehensive guide to the technical aspects of the field, it also integrates all ofthese technical aspects into a unified, effective approach to help ensure a successful, approved product.