Safety Relevant Guidance For On Road Testing Of Prototype Automated Driving System Ads Operated Vehicles
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Safety Relevant Guidance For On Road Testing Of Prototype Automated Driving System Ads Operated Vehicles
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Author : On-Road Automated Driving (ORAD) Committee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Safety Relevant Guidance For On Road Testing Of Prototype Automated Driving System Ads Operated Vehicles written by On-Road Automated Driving (ORAD) Committee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
This document provides preliminary1 safety-relevant guidance for in-vehicle fallback test driver training and for on-road testing of vehicles being operated by prototype conditional, high, and full (Levels 3 to 5) ADS, as defined by SAE J3016. It does not include guidance for evaluating the performance of post-production ADS-equipped vehicles. Moreover, this guidance only addresses testing of ADS-operated vehicles as overseen by in-vehicle fallback test drivers (IFTD).These guidelines do not address: Remote driving, including remote fallback test driving of prototype ADS-operated test vehicles in driverless operation. (Note: The term "remote fallback test driver" is included as a defined term herein and is intended to be addressed in a future iteration of this document. However, at this time, too little is published or known about this type of testing to provide even preliminary guidance.) Testing of driver support features (i.e., Levels 1 and 2), which rely on a human driver to perform part of the dynamic driving task (DDT) and to supervise the driving automation feature's performance in real time. (Refer to SAE J3016.) Closed-course testing. Simulation testing (except for training purposes). Component-level testing.These guidelines also do not address prototype vehicle and IFTD performance data collection and retention. The collection of data invokes various legal and risk management considerations that users of this document should nevertheless bear in mind, such as: Maintaining auditable procedures and documentation. Adhering to applicable privacy laws and principles. Ensuring adequate data collection and recording integrity to support post-crash forensic analysis. This document provides safety-relevant guidance for in-vehicle fallback test driver training and for testing prototype automated driving systems (ADS) equipped on test vehicles operated in mixed-traffic environments on public roads (hereafter, prototype ADS-operated vehicles). This document is being substantially updated in order to incorporate content from Automated Vehicle Safety Consortium (AVSC) publication 00001201911: "AVSC Best Practice for In-Vehicle Fallback Test Driver Selection, Training, and Oversight Procedures for Automated Vehicles Under Test" and to re-classify this document as an SAE Recommended Practice, rather than an SAE Information Report.It is assumed that the prototype ADS-operated vehicles that are the subject of this guidance have been developed using standardized methods for safer product development including, but not limited to: A systems engineering approach (i.e., V-model). Adherence to a recognized system safety process(es) for identifying hazards and implementing strategies for mitigating them. Implementation of an electrical/electronic (E/E) architecture (system/hardware/software levels) capable of implementing hazard mitigation concepts and strategies. Analysis and testing of identified hazard mitigation strategies (hardware and software).Prototype ADS-operated vehicles that are based on existing production vehicles rely on the existing vehicle's E/E architecture, as adapted for ADS. Prototype ADS technology provided via added hardware and software modules that are not integrated according to the vehicle manufacturer's specifications, should be checked to ensure that they do not interfere with base vehicle hardware or software systems. As such, they should abide by the following general principles: All hardware and software interfaces between production- and development-level hardware and software should be analyzed and tested for operational integrity, including analysis of failure modes and effects. Developmental software added to a vehicle (including that equipped on added hardware modules) should be monitored and/or include self-diagnostics for safety-critical functions, which should be verified for efficacy prior to on-road testing. Alternatively, system-level approaches to ensuring developmental software safety (e.g., shadow mode testing) is also acceptable.Test program/operations management plays a key role in helping to maintain safety while conducting on-road testing of prototype ADS-operated vehicles. Unexpected behaviors (including incidents) should be reported accurately and consistently for later root-cause analysis and resolution. A manager in charge of prototype ADS-operated vehicle testers should explain to them the organization's specific rules about testing and documentation, as well as any hardware/software updates that impact the performance of the ADS-operated vehicles. Novice testers should be paired with more experienced testers to learn the appropriate reactions in various situations.Real-time calibration/tuning of ADS software during testing should be allowed only after evaluation by qualified personnel (e.g., development engineer, lead calibrator, and/or designated safety engineer), indicating that the change does not pose unacceptable risk for on-road testing.
Safety Relevant Guidance For On Road Testing Of Sae Level 3 4 And 5 Prototype Automated Driving System Ads Operated Vehicles
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Author : On-Road Automated Driving (ORAD) Committee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Safety Relevant Guidance For On Road Testing Of Sae Level 3 4 And 5 Prototype Automated Driving System Ads Operated Vehicles written by On-Road Automated Driving (ORAD) Committee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
This document provides safety-relevant guidance for on-road testing of vehicles being operated by prototype conditional, high, and full (Levels 3 to 5) ADS, as defined by SAE J3016. It does not include guidance for evaluating the performance of post-production ADS-equipped vehicles. Moreover, this guidance only addresses testing of ADS-operated vehicles as overseen by in-vehicle fallback test drivers (IFTD).These guidelines do not address: Remote driving, including remote fallback test driving of prototype ADS-operated test vehicles in driverless operation. (Note: The term "remote fallback test driver" is included as a defined term herein and is intended to be addressed in a future iteration of this document. However, at this time, too little is published or known about this type of testing to provide even preliminary guidance.) Testing of driver support features (i.e., Levels 1 and 2), which rely on a human driver to perform part of the dynamic driving task (DDT) and to supervise the driving automation feature's performance in real time. (Refer to SAE J3016.) Closed-course testing. Simulation testing (except for training purposes). Component-level testing. This document provides general safety-relevant guidance for testing prototype automated driving systems (ADS) equipped on test vehicles operated in mixed-traffic environments on public roads (hereafter, prototype ADS-operated vehicles). This document is being substantially updated in order to incorporate lessons-learned based on accumulated field experience in testing prototype ADS-operated vehicles on public roads, and to make it compatible with related SAE documents.It is assumed that the prototype ADS-operated vehicles that are the subject of this guidance have been developed using standardized methods for safer product development including, but not limited to: A systems engineering approach (i.e., V-model). Adherence to a recognized functional safety process, such as ISO 26262, for identifying hazards and implementing strategies for mitigating them. Implementation of an electrical/electronic (E/E) architecture (system/hardware/software levels) capable of implementing hazard mitigation concepts and strategies. Analysis and testing of identified hazard mitigation strategies (hardware and software).Prototype ADS-operated vehicles that are based on existing production vehicles rely on the existing vehicle's E/E architecture, as adapted for ADS. Prototype ADS technology provided via added hardware and software modules that are not integrated according to the vehicle manufacturer's specifications, should be checked to ensure that they do not interfere with base vehicle hardware or software systems. As such, they should abide by the following general principles: All hardware and software interfaces between production- and development-level hardware and software should be analyzed and tested for operational integrity, including analysis of failure modes and effects. All developmental software added to a vehicle (including that equipped on added hardware modules) should be monitored and/or include self-diagnostics for safety-critical functions, which should be verified for efficacy prior to on-road testing.Proper test program/operations management plays a key role in helping to maintain safety while conducting on-road testing of prototype ADS-operated vehicles. Unexpected behaviors (including incidents) should be reported accurately and consistently for later root-cause analysis and resolution. A manager in charge of prototype ADS-operated vehicle testers should explain to them the organization's specific rules about testing and documentation, as well as any hardware/software updates that impact the performance of the ADS-operated vehicles. Novice testers should be paired with more experienced testers to learn the appropriate reactions in various situations.Real-time calibration/tuning of ADS software during testing should be allowed only after evaluation by qualified personnel (e.g., development engineer, lead calibrator, and/or designated safety engineer), indicating that the change does not pose unacceptable risk for on-road testing.
Safety Relevant Guidance For On Road Testing Of Prototype Automated Driving System Ads Operated Vehicles
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Safety Relevant Guidance For On Road Testing Of Prototype Automated Driving System Ads Operated Vehicles written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Fundamentals Of Connected And Automated Vehicles
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Author : Jeffrey Wishart
language : en
Publisher: SAE International
Release Date : 2022-01-20
Fundamentals Of Connected And Automated Vehicles written by Jeffrey Wishart and has been published by SAE International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The automotive industry is transforming to a greater degree that has occurred since Henry Ford introduced mass production of the automobile with the Model T in 1913. Advances in computing, data processing, and artificial intelligence (deep learning in particular) are driving the development of new levels of automation that will impact all aspects of our lives including our vehicles. What are Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs)? What are the underlying technologies that need to mature and converge for them to be widely deployed? Fundamentals of Connected and Automated Vehicles is written to answer these questions, educating the reader with the information required to make informed predictions of how and when CAVs will impact their lives. Topics covered include: History of Connected and Automated Vehicles, Localization, Connectivity, Sensor and Actuator Hardware, Computer Vision, Sensor Fusion, Path Planning and Motion Control, Verification and Validation, and Outlook for future of CAVs.
Guidelines For Safe On Road Testing Of Sae Level 3 4 And 5 Prototype Automated Driving Systems Ads
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Guidelines For Safe On Road Testing Of Sae Level 3 4 And 5 Prototype Automated Driving Systems Ads written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Automobile driving categories.
Autonomous Driving
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Author : Markus Maurer
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-05-21
Autonomous Driving written by Markus Maurer and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-21 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book takes a look at fully automated, autonomous vehicles and discusses many open questions: How can autonomous vehicles be integrated into the current transportation system with diverse users and human drivers? Where do automated vehicles fall under current legal frameworks? What risks are associated with automation and how will society respond to these risks? How will the marketplace react to automated vehicles and what changes may be necessary for companies? Experts from Germany and the United States define key societal, engineering, and mobility issues related to the automation of vehicles. They discuss the decisions programmers of automated vehicles must make to enable vehicles to perceive their environment, interact with other road users, and choose actions that may have ethical consequences. The authors further identify expectations and concerns that will form the basis for individual and societal acceptance of autonomous driving. While the safety benefits of such vehicles are tremendous, the authors demonstrate that these benefits will only be achieved if vehicles have an appropriate safety concept at the heart of their design. Realizing the potential of automated vehicles to reorganize traffic and transform mobility of people and goods requires similar care in the design of vehicles and networks. By covering all of these topics, the book aims to provide a current, comprehensive, and scientifically sound treatment of the emerging field of “autonomous driving".
Preparing For The Future Of Transportation
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :
Preparing For The Future Of Transportation written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Automated Driving
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Author : Daniel Watzenig
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-09-23
Automated Driving written by Daniel Watzenig and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-23 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The main topics of this book include advanced control, cognitive data processing, high performance computing, functional safety, and comprehensive validation. These topics are seen as technological bricks to drive forward automated driving. The current state of the art of automated vehicle research, development and innovation is given. The book also addresses industry-driven roadmaps for major new technology advances as well as collaborative European initiatives supporting the evolvement of automated driving. Various examples highlight the state of development of automated driving as well as the way forward. The book will be of interest to academics and researchers within engineering, graduate students, automotive engineers at OEMs and suppliers, ICT and software engineers, managers, and other decision-makers.
Automated Driving Systems 2 0
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Author : U. S. Department U.S. Department of Transportation
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2017-09-12
Automated Driving Systems 2 0 written by U. S. Department U.S. Department of Transportation and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-12 with categories.
In this document, NHTSA offers a non-regulatory approach to automated vehicle technology safety. Section 1: Voluntary Guidance for Automated Driving Systems (Voluntary Guidance) supports the automotive industry and other key stakeholders as they consider and design best practices for the testing and safe deployment of Automated Driving Systems (ADSs - SAE Automation Levels 3 through 5 - Conditional, High, and Full Automation Systems). It contains 12 priority safety design elements for consideration, including vehicle cyber-security, human machine interface, crash-worthiness, consumer education and training, and post-crash ADS behavior.
Driving Safety Systems
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Author : Robert Bosch GmbH.
language : en
Publisher: J. M. Bosch Editor
Release Date : 1999
Driving Safety Systems written by Robert Bosch GmbH. and has been published by J. M. Bosch Editor this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Automobiles categories.
Formerly 'Automotive Brake Systems'. 2nd Edition. Safety is very important in vehicle design and operation. Driving-Safety Systems is the new edition of what was formerly titled 'Automotive Brake Systems'. The title has been changed to reflect the addition of information on recent technological advancements in safety systems beyond braking systems such as traction control systems (TCS) and electronic stability control (ESP). Ideal for engineers, technicians and enthusiasts, this book offers a wide range of detailed and easy-to-understand descriptions of the most important control systems and components. A new section on electronic stability has been added, and sections on driving physics, braking systems basics and braking systems for passenger cars and commercial vehicles have been updated. Contents include: Driving Safety in the Vehicle Basics of Driving Physics Braking-System Basics Braking Systems for Passenger Cars Commercial Vehicles - Basic Concepts, Systems and Diagrams Compressed Air Equipment Symbols Equipment for Commercial Vehicles Brake Testing Electronic Stability Program ESP.