Salience
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Salience In Second Language Acquisition
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Author : Susan M. Gass
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-07-31
Salience In Second Language Acquisition written by Susan M. Gass and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-31 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Salience in Second Language Acquisition brings together contributions from top scholars of second language acquisition (SLA) in a comprehensive volume of the existing literature and current research on salience. In the first book to focus exclusively on this integral topic, the editors and contributors define and explore what makes a linguistic feature salient in sections on theory, perpetual salience, and constructed salience. They also provide a history of SLA theory and discussion on its contemporary use in research. An approachable introduction to the topic, this book is an ideal supplement to courses in SLA, and a valuable resource for researchers and scholars looking for a better understanding of the subject.
Salience
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Author : Sophie Archer
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2022-03-16
Salience written by Sophie Archer and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-16 with Philosophy categories.
Salience is both central to human life and relatively underexplored as a philosophical topic. Whether it bothers you that the picture on your wall is wonky, whose advice you should take, whether you notice the homeless person at your feet as you squeeze your way down Oxford Street: these are all a function of salience. Salience is clearly of significance for a broad range of philosophical problems but rarely, if ever, has salience itself been the theme. This volume makes it so in an attempt to learn more about the place of salience in philosophy. All 13 chapters have been specially commissioned for this volume, and are written by an international team of leading philosophers. Salience: A Philosophical Inquiry is essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy of mind and psychology, epistemology, and ethics. It will also be of interest to those in related subjects such as psychology, politics, and law.
Salience
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Author : Christian Chiarcos
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2011
Salience written by Christian Chiarcos and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Computers categories.
Salience refers to the prominence of information; salient items pop out and capture attention. This volume addresses the role of salience in discourse. It illustrates the range of multidisciplinary approaches - their diversities and similarities. The collection of papers covers a variety of research with different foci ranging from discourse entities, to discourse segments, to extra-linguistic factors.
Salience And Defaults In Utterance Processing
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Author : Kasia M. Jaszczolt
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2011-10-27
Salience And Defaults In Utterance Processing written by Kasia M. Jaszczolt and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-27 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The book addresses controversies around the conscious vs automatic processing of contextual information and the distinction between literal and nonliteral meaning. It sheds new light on the relation of the literal/nonliteral distinction to the distinction between the automatic and conscious retrieval of information. The question of literal meaning is inherently interwoven with the question of lexical salience on one hand and default interpretations on the other. This volume addresses these interconnected issues, stressing their mutual interdependence. It contributes new, ground-breaking insights into the questions of literalness, semantics-pragmatics interface, automatic (default) retrieval and contextual pragmatic enrichment, modelling of discourse processing, lexical pragmatics, and other related issues.
Salience Network Of The Human Brain
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Author : Lucina Q. Uddin
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-08-24
Salience Network Of The Human Brain written by Lucina Q. Uddin and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-24 with Medical categories.
Salience Network of the Human Brain focuses on the multiple sources of stimuli that compete for our attention, providing interesting discussions on how the relative salience—importance or prominence—of each of these inputs determines which ones we choose to focus on for more in-depth processing. The salience network is a collection of regions of the brain that select which stimuli are deserving of our attention. The network has key nodes in the insular cortex and is critical for detecting behaviorally relevant stimuli and for coordinating the brain’s neural resources in response to these stimuli. The insular cortex is a complex and multipurpose structure that plays a role in numerous cognitive functions related to perception, emotion, and interpersonal experience—and the failure of this network to function properly can lead to numerous neuropsychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, psychosis, and dementia. Presents the only publication available that summarizes our understanding of the salience network in one resource Authored by a leading research on this important aspect of attention Focuses on the multiple sources of stimuli that compete for our attention, providing interesting discussions on how the relative salience—importance or prominence—of each of these inputs determines which ones we choose to focus on for more in-depth processing
Salience In Sociolinguistics
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Author : Péter Rácz
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2013-10-14
Salience In Sociolinguistics written by Péter Rácz and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-14 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This work proposes a definition of the notion of salience in sociolinguistics. Salient linguistic variants are those that are easily picked up by the listeners, and these stand in opposition to `invisible' variants, which are, even if they also show complex social stratification, completely ignored. Taking a quantitative angle, this work sees salience as a function of relative frequency differences, giving it an empirically testable operationalisation.
The Salience Of Marketing Stimuli
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Author : Gianluigi Guido
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Salience Of Marketing Stimuli written by Gianluigi Guido and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
In consumer and social psychology, salience has been generally treated as an attribute of a stimulus, which allows it to stand out and be noticed. Researchers, however, have only vaguely articulated the theoretical underpinnings of this term, thus impeding a thorough understanding of the perceptual processes behind its use in complex marketing communications. This book presents a theoretical approach for enhancing consumer processing and memory of marketing communication. Using schema theory and an information processing approach, the model introduced here - briefly referred to as the In-salience hypothesis emphasizes the nature of prominence which is intrinsic to any salience construct reviewed in literature. This model is part of wider Dichotic theory of salience, according to which a stimulus is salient either when it is incongruent in a certain context to a perceiver's schema, or when it is congruent in a certain context to a perceiver's goal. According to the four propositions of the model, in-salient stimuli are better recalled, affect both attention and interpretation, and are moderated by the degree of perceivers' comprehension (i.e., activation, accessibility, and availability of schemata), and involvement (i.e., personal relevance of the stimuli). Results of two empirical studies on print advertisements show that in-salient ad messages have the strongest impact in triggering ad processing which, in turn, leads to consumer awareness. The reading of this book is therefore recommended not only to academic scholars, but also to marketers especially planning ad campaigns and launches of new products.
Perceptual Linguistic Salience Modeling Causes And Consequences
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Author : Alice Blumenthal-Dramé
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-06-05
Perceptual Linguistic Salience Modeling Causes And Consequences written by Alice Blumenthal-Dramé and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-05 with Electronic book categories.
Recent years have seen an upsurge of interest in the notion of salience in linguistics and related disciplines. While in top-down salience, perceivers endogenously direct their attention to a certain stimulus, in the bottom-up salience, it is the stimulus itself which attracts attention. In prototypical cases of bottom-up salience, the stimulus stands out because it is incongruous with a given ground by virtue of intrinsic physical characteristics. But a stimulus may also cause surprise by virtue of deviating from a cognitive ground, e.g., when violating social or probabilistic expectations. This has prompted researchers to examine the relationship between expectations and the perceptual salience of linguistic stimuli in new ways. This e-book features contributions from different scientific frameworks. The reader will find commentaries, reviews, and original research articles on models of sociolinguistic and morphological salience, the role of attention, affect, and predictability, and on how salient items are processed, categorized and learned. Taken together, the articles in this volume contribute to our understanding of how the perceptual salience of linguistic forms and variants can be theoretically framed and methodologically operationalized in different areas of linguistic processing.
On Our Mind
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Author : Rachel Giora
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2003-05-22
On Our Mind written by Rachel Giora and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-05-22 with Philosophy categories.
How do we learn to produce and comprehend non-literal language? Competing theories have only partially accounted for the variety of language comprehension evoked in metaphor, irony, and jokes. Rachel Giora has developed a novel and comprehensive theory, the Graded Salience Hypothesis, to explain figuative language comprehension. Giora contends that the salience of meanings (i.e., the cognitive priority we ascribe to words encoded in our mental lexicon) has the primary role in language comprehension and production.
Issue Salience In International Politics
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Author : Kai Oppermann
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2011-06-02
Issue Salience In International Politics written by Kai Oppermann and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-02 with Political Science categories.
This book analyses the salience of foreign and security policy issues to domestic actors, its role in the analysis of international politics and its consequences for foreign policy decision-making. It provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of issue salience and develops the state of the art. Beginning with a chapter on the concept of issue salience and its role in analysing international politics, it has a strong comparative framework and focuses on different domestic actors: the general public; political parties/parliaments; and the media. It features empirical studies drawn from countries in Western Europe and North America and addresses the salience of different issue areas in three key areas of international politics: European Integration Foreign and Security Policy Transatlantic Relations Finally the book offers critical appraisals of the theoretical underpinnings of the concept of issue salience and the methods for measuring it. This volume makes an important contribution to scholarly debates on the role of public opinion in foreign affairs and on the prospects of parliamentary control of foreign and security policy. It will be of interest to students and scholars of political science, international relations and foreign policy. Kai Oppermann is Assistant Professor at the Institute for Political Science and European Affairs, University of Cologne, Germany and the Managing Editor of Zeitschrift für Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik. Dr. Henrike Viehrig is Assistant Professor and Chair of International Politics and Foreign Policy at the University of Cologne, Germany.