Seismic Considerations For Steel Storage Racks Located In Areas Accessible To The Public Fema 460 September 2005
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Seismic Considerations For Steel Storage Racks Located In Areas Accessible To The Public Fema 460 September 2005
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Author : Federal Emergency Agency
language : en
Publisher: FEMA
Release Date : 2013-04-03
Seismic Considerations For Steel Storage Racks Located In Areas Accessible To The Public Fema 460 September 2005 written by Federal Emergency Agency and has been published by FEMA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-03 with Social Science categories.
During the past few decades, the number of large public warehouse stores (often referred to as big-box stores) across the nation has grown significantly, changing both consumer buying habits and the public's risk of injury during earthquakes. During an earthquake, occupant safety in a big-box store depends on both the structural performance of the building and on the performance of the storage racks and their contents. Earthquake ground motions can cause storage racks to collapse or overturn if they are not properly designed, installed, maintained, and loaded. In addition, goods stored on the racks may spill or topple off. Both occurrences pose a life-safety risk to the exposed shopping public. The immediate stimulus for the project that resulted in this report was a 2003 request from the State of Washington to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) for guidance concerning the life-safety risk posed by the storage racks in publicly accessible areas of retail stores, especially the risk of rack collapse of loss of stored goods during an earthquake. FEMA asked the Building Seismic Safety Council (BSSC) to develop the requested guidance. To do so, the BSSC established a Rack Project Task Group composed of practicing engineers, storage rack designers, researchers, representatives of the Rack Manufacturers Institute (RMI) and the Retail Industry Leaders Association, and members of applicable technical subcommittees responsible for updating the NEHRP Recommended Provisions. In developing this guidance document, the Task Group focused primarily on steel single selective pallet storage racks. It reviewed available information on storage rack performance during earthquakes and the background on the development of standards and code requirements for storage racks; assessed seismic requirements for storage racks and current practices with respect to rack design, maintenance and operations, quality assurance, and post-earthquake inspections; and examined available research and testing data. Based on its study, the Task Group developed short-term recommendations to improve current practice and formulated long-term recommendations to serve as the basis for improved standards documents such as the NEHRP Recommended Provisions, ASCE 7, and the RMI-developed storage rack specification. Over the near term, the Task Group recommends that the 2003 NEHRP Recommended Provisions requirements for steel single selective pallet storage rack design be followed and that connections be checked in accordance with a procedure to be developed by RMI. The Task Group also recommends that additional guidance presented in this report be voluntarily adopted by store owners and operators. Further, given the fact that maintenance and use of storage racks is a key element to their acceptable performance during earthquakes, store owners and operators should adopt an appropriate quality assurance plan; as a minimum, the best self-imposed practices of store owners and operators should be maintained. The Task Group's primary long-term recommendation is that the RMI specification be brought into conformance with the 2003 NEHRP Recommended Provisions, which is the basis for seismic requirements found in current seismic design standards and model building codes. The Task Group also recommends that optional performance-based and limit state procedures and component cyclic testing procedures be incorporated into the RMI-developed specification. Compliance with these procedures will demonstrate that the storage racks have the capacity to resist maximum considered earthquake ground motions without collapse. It also is recommended that regulatory bodies periodically review the quality assurance programs of stores and implement any regulations needed to satisfy life-safety concerns that relate to the securing of rack contents and rack maintenance and use.
Seismic Behavior Of Steel Storage Pallet Racking Systems
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Author : Carlo Andrea Castiglioni
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-02-04
Seismic Behavior Of Steel Storage Pallet Racking Systems written by Carlo Andrea Castiglioni and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents the main outcomes of the first European research project on the seismic behavior of adjustable steel storage pallet racking systems. In particular, it describes a comprehensive and unique set of full-scale tests designed to assess such behavior. The tests performed include cyclic tests of full-scale rack components, namely beam-to-upright connections and column base connections; static and dynamic tests to assess the friction factor between pallets and rack beams; full-scale pushover and pseudodynamic tests of storage racks in down-aisle and cross-aisle directions; and full-scale dynamic tests on two-bay, three-level rack models. The implications of the findings of this extensive testing regime on the seismic behavior of racking systems are discussed in detail, highlighting e.g. the confirmation that under severe dynamic conditions “sliding” is the main factor influencing rack response. This work was conceived during the development of the SEISRACKS project. Its outcomes will contribute significantly to increasing our knowledge of the structural behavior of racks under earthquake conditions and should inform future rack design.
Earthquake Early Warning Systems
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Author : Paolo Gasparini
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-08-10
Earthquake Early Warning Systems written by Paolo Gasparini and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-08-10 with Science categories.
The book provides information on the major EEW systems in operation and on the state-of-the-art of the different blocks forming an EW system: the rapid detection and estimation of the earthquake’s focal parameters, the signal transmission, the engineering interface and the information reliability/false alarm problem. It is the first time that so many aspects of EEW systems have been specifically focused upon within a single book.
The Ocean And Cryosphere In A Changing Climate
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Author : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2022-05-19
The Ocean And Cryosphere In A Changing Climate written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-19 with Science categories.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Recent Advances In Structural Engineering Volume 1
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Author : A. Rama Mohan Rao
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-08-01
Recent Advances In Structural Engineering Volume 1 written by A. Rama Mohan Rao and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-01 with Science categories.
This book is a collection of select papers presented at the Tenth Structural Engineering Convention 2016 (SEC-2016). It comprises plenary, invited, and contributory papers covering numerous applications from a wide spectrum of areas related to structural engineering. It presents contributions by academics, researchers, and practicing structural engineers addressing analysis and design of concrete and steel structures, computational structural mechanics, new building materials for sustainable construction, mitigation of structures against natural hazards, structural health monitoring, wind and earthquake engineering, vibration control and smart structures, condition assessment and performance evaluation, repair, rehabilitation and retrofit of structures. Also covering advances in construction techniques/ practices, behavior of structures under blast/impact loading, fatigue and fracture, composite materials and structures, and structures for non-conventional energy (wind and solar), it will serve as a valuable resource for researchers, students and practicing engineers alike.
Seismic Considerations For Steel Storage Racks Located In Areas Accessible To The Public
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Seismic Considerations For Steel Storage Racks Located In Areas Accessible To The Public written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Earthquake resistant design categories.
Clt Handbook
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Author : Erol Karacabeyli
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013-01
Clt Handbook written by Erol Karacabeyli and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01 with Engineered wood construction categories.
Structural Design Of Steel Bins For Bulk Solids
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Author : N. S. Trahair
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983-01-01
Structural Design Of Steel Bins For Bulk Solids written by N. S. Trahair and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983-01-01 with Containers categories.
Design And Development Of A Seismic Isolation System For Commercial Storage Rack
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Author : Robert Joseph Michael
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Design And Development Of A Seismic Isolation System For Commercial Storage Rack written by Robert Joseph Michael and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
During the past forty years, the number of large retail stores (often referred to as big-box stores) has grown significantly. These stores incorporate steel pallet storage racks loaded with heavy merchandise which pose a life-safety risk to the exposed general public during a seismic event. A base isolation system compatible with conventional racks is designed and developed which provides seismic isolation primarily in the cross-aisle direction. The new patented base isolation system provides seismic isolation by incorporating heavily damped elastomeric bearings (referred to here as seismic mounts) and low-friction bearing plates. The objective of the base isolation system is to reduce horizontal accelerations of the rack to eliminate product shedding and structural damage during a major earthquake without interfering with normal, day-to-day material handling operations. Full scale shake table testing show the new base isolation system meets the performance objectives recommended in the FEMA-460 document zSeismic Considerations for Steel Storage Racks Located in Areas Accessible to the Publicy for both life safety under the Design Earthquake (DE) and for collapse prevention under the Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE). Special heavily damped (HD) butyl compounds are developed and utilized in the seismic mounts. These compounds are statically and dynamically characterized which provides input data for numerical studies. Non-linear hyperelastic material models are developed and used with finite element analysis to design various base isolation systems. Several of these new base isolation systems are optimized to achieve characteristics that expand their use from lightly loaded racks to heavily loaded racks. Designs are further optimized based on feedback from shake table testing and transient structural analysis. The new base isolation system is evaluated by uniaxial and triaxial shake table tests performed at the Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory (SEESL) at the University of Buffalo (UB). Three phases of testing were performed on steel pallet storage racks both directly anchored (conventional) and with the new base isolation system. Tests were performed with both simulated and real merchandise. The results of the seismic tests demonstrate the improved structural performance of rack structures incorporating the new base isolation system. Cross-aisle absolute accelerations and inter-story drifts of the base isolated rack structure are reduced by more than 70% compared to the same rack conventionally anchored at its base. Numerical simulations (transient structural, finite element analysis) are presented comparing storage rack response against tests performed on the tri-axial shake table. The simulations agree with experimental test results within 20%. The simulation model is used to determine optimal seismic isolation parameters that satisfy the practical range of rack shelf loads and configurations expected in typical warehouse and store installations.
Storage Racks In Seismic Areas
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Author : I. Rosin
language : en
Publisher: European Communities
Release Date : 2009-06-30
Storage Racks In Seismic Areas written by I. Rosin and has been published by European Communities this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-30 with Business & Economics categories.