Selective Catalytic Reduction Scr Of Nitrogen Oxides With Ammonia Over Fe Zsm5
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Selective Catalytic Reduction Scr Of Nitrogen Oxides With Ammonia Over Fe Zsm5
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Author : Mukundan Devadas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Selective Catalytic Reduction Scr Of Nitrogen Oxides With Ammonia Over Fe Zsm5 written by Mukundan Devadas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Selective Catalytic Reduction Of Nox
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Author : Oliver Kröcher
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2018-12-14
Selective Catalytic Reduction Of Nox written by Oliver Kröcher and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-14 with Electronic books categories.
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx" that was published in Catalysts
Catalyst And Method For Reduction Of Nitrogen Oxides
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Catalyst And Method For Reduction Of Nitrogen Oxides written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
A Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalyst was prepared by slurry coating ZSM-5 zeolite onto a cordierite monolith, then subliming an iron salt onto the zeolite, calcining the monolith, and then dipping the monolith either into an aqueous solution of manganese nitrate and cerium nitrate and then calcining, or by similar treatment with separate solutions of manganese nitrate and cerium nitrate. The supported catalyst containing iron, manganese, and cerium showed 80 percent conversion at 113 degrees Celsius of a feed gas containing nitrogen oxides having 4 parts NO to one part NO.sub. 2, about one equivalent ammonia, and excess oxygen; conversion improved to 94 percent at 147 degrees Celsius. N.sub. 2O was not detected (detection limit: 0.6 percent N.sub. 2O).
Urea Scr Technology For Denox After Treatment Of Diesel Exhausts
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Author : Isabella Nova
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2014-03-14
Urea Scr Technology For Denox After Treatment Of Diesel Exhausts written by Isabella Nova and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-14 with Science categories.
Urea-SCR Technology for deNOx After Treatment of Diesel Exhausts presents a complete overview of the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by ammonia/urea. The book starts with an illustration of the technology in the framework of the current context (legislation, market, system configurations), covers the fundamental aspects of the SCR process (catalysts, chemistry, mechanism, kinetics) and analyzes its application to useful topics such as modeling of full scale monolith catalysts, control aspects, ammonia injections systems and integration with other devices for combined removal of pollutants.
Catalyst For Reduction Of Nitrogen Oxides
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Catalyst For Reduction Of Nitrogen Oxides written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
A Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalyst was prepared by slurry coating ZSM-5 zeolite onto a cordierite monolith, then subliming an iron salt onto the zeolite, calcining the monolith, and then dipping the monolith either into an aqueous solution of manganese nitrate and cerium nitrate and then calcining, or by similar treatment with separate solutions of manganese nitrate and cerium nitrate. The supported catalyst containing iron, manganese, and cerium showed 80 percent conversion at 113 degrees Celsius of a feed gas containing nitrogen oxides having 4 parts NO to one part NO.sub. 2, about one equivalent ammonia, and excess oxygen; conversion improved to 94 percent at 147 degrees Celsius. N.sub. 2O was not detected (detection limit: 0.6 percent N.sub. 2O).
System And Method For Selective Catalytic Reduction Of Nitrogen Oxides In Combustion Exhaust Gases
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
System And Method For Selective Catalytic Reduction Of Nitrogen Oxides In Combustion Exhaust Gases written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
A multi-stage selective catalytic reduction (SCR) unit (32) provides efficient reduction of NOx and other pollutants from about 50-550.degree. C. in a power plant (19). Hydrogen (24) and ammonia (29) are variably supplied to the SCR unit depending on temperature. An upstream portion (34) of the SCR unit catalyzes NOx+NH.sub. 3 reactions above about 200.degree. C.A downstream portion (36) catalyzes NOx+H.sub. 2 reactions below about 260.degree. C., and catalyzes oxidation of NH.sub. 3, CO, and VOCs with oxygen in the exhaust above about 200.degree. C., efficiently removing NOx and other pollutants over a range of conditions with low slippage of NH.sub. 3. An ammonia synthesis unit (28) may be connected to the SCR unit to provide NH.sub. 3 as needed, avoiding transport and storage of ammonia or urea at the site. A carbonaceous gasification plant (18) on site may supply hydrogen and nitrogen to the ammonia synthesis unit, and hydrogen to the SCR unit.
Experimental And Kinetic Modeling Studies Of Selective Catalytic Reduction Of Nox With Nh3 On Fe And Cu Zeolite Monolithic Catalysts
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Author : Pranit Subhash Metkar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Experimental And Kinetic Modeling Studies Of Selective Catalytic Reduction Of Nox With Nh3 On Fe And Cu Zeolite Monolithic Catalysts written by Pranit Subhash Metkar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Chemical engineering categories.
The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 is considered to be the most promising technique for the efficient reduction of highly detrimental NOx (to N2) emitted from diesel engine vehicles. Amongst the various catalysts available for SCR, Fe- and Cu-zeolite catalysts are found to be highly stable and efficient towards maximum NOx reduction over a wide temperature range. Cu-zeolites are more active at low temperatures ( 350 oC) while Fe-zeolites are more active at high temperatures ( 400 oC). We carried out a comprehensive experimental and kinetic modeling study of key SCR reactions on Fe- and Cu-zeolite catalysts and present a detailed understanding of mass transfer limitations and kinetics and mechanistic aspects of various SCR reactions on these catalysts. Experiments carried out on monolith catalysts having different washcoat loadings, washcoat thicknesses and lengths indicate the presence of washcoat (or pore) diffusion limitations at intermediate to high temperature range in all the SCR reactions. A detailed analysis of the effect of temperature on the transitions between various controlling regimes (kinetic, washcoat diffusion and external mass transfer) is presented. Agreement in the differential kinetics studies of NO oxidation and standard SCR (NO + O2 + NH3) reactions indicates NO oxidation is the rate determining step for standard SCR. A detailed kinetic model capturing key features of all the SCR reactions is developed. This model accurately predicts the experimentally observed NOx conversions over a wide temperature range and different feed conditions. Finally, a systematic study of various SCR reactions is carried out on a combined system of Fe- and Cu-zeolite monolithic catalysts to determine if a high NOx conversion could be sustained over a wider temperature range than with individual Fe- and Cu-zeolite catalysts. Amongst various configurations, a dual-layer catalyst with a thin Fe-zeolite layer on top of a thick Cu-zeolite layer resulted in a very high NOx removal efficiency over a broad temperature range of practical interest. The kinetic model accurately captures the experimental data with a combined system of Fe- and Cu-zeolite catalysts and provides further insights into the catalyst arrangements for maximum NOx reduction efficiency.
Atlas Of Zeolite Framework Types
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Author : Ch. Baerlocher
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2007-09-12
Atlas Of Zeolite Framework Types written by Ch. Baerlocher and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Zeolite scientists, whether they are working in synthesis, catalysis, characterization or application development, use the Atlas of Zeolite Framework Types as a reference. It describes the main features of all of the confirmed zeolite framework structures, and gives references to the relevant primary structural literature. Since the last edition 34 more framwork types have been approved and are described in this new edition. A further new feature will be that characteristic building units will be listed for each of the framework types.Zeolites and their analogs are used as desiccants, as water softeners, as shape-selective acid catalysts, as molecular sieves, as concentrators of radioactive isotopes, as blood clotting agents, and even as additives to animal feeds. Recently, their suitability as hosts for nanometer spacing of atomic clusters has also been demonstrated. These diverse applications are a reflection of the fascinating structures of these microporous materials. Each time a new zeolite framework structure is reported, it is examined by the Structure Commission of the International Zeolite Association (IZA-SC), and if it is found to be unique and to conform to the IZA-SC's definition of a zeolite, it is assigned a 3-letter framework type code. This code is part of the official IUPAC nomenclature for microporous materials. The Atlas of Zeolite Framework Types is essentially a compilation of data for each of these confirmed framework types. These data include a stereo drawing showing the framework connectivity, features that characterize the idealized framework structure, a list of materials with this framework type, information on the type material that was used to establish the framework type, and stereo drawings of the pore openings of the type material. Clear stereo drawings of each of the framework types Description of the features of the framework type, allowing readers to quickly see if the framework type is suitable to their needs References to isotypic materials, readers can quickly identify related materials and consult the appropriate reference
Modeling Of Selective Catalytic Reduction Scr Of Nitric Oxide With Ammonia Using Four Modern Catalysts
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Author : Giriraj Sharma
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Modeling Of Selective Catalytic Reduction Scr Of Nitric Oxide With Ammonia Using Four Modern Catalysts written by Giriraj Sharma and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
In this work, the steady-state performance of zeolite-based Cu-ZSM-5, vanadium based honeycomb monolith catalysts (V), vanadium-titanium based pillared inter layered clay catalyst (V-Ti PLIC) and vanadium-titanium-tungsten-based honeycomb monolith catalysts (V-Ti-W) was investigated in the selective catalytic reduction process (SCR) for NO removal using NH3 in presence of oxygen. The objective is to obtain the expression that would predict the conversion performance of the catalysts for different values of the SCR process parameters, namely temperature, inlet oxygen concentration and inlet ammonia concentration. The NO[subscript]x emission, its formation and control methods are discussed briefly and then the fundamentals of the SCR process are described. Heat transfer based and chemical kinetics based SCR process models are discussed and widely used rate order based model are reviewed. Based on the experimental data, regression analysis was performed that gives an expression for predicting the SCR rate for the complete temperature range and the rate order with respect to inlet oxygen and ammonia concentration. The average activation energy for the SCR process was calculated and optimum operating conditions were determined for each of the catalyst. The applicable operating range for the catalyst depends on the NO conversion as well as on the ammonia slip and the N2O and NO2 emission. The regression analysis was repeated for the applicable range and an expression was obtained that can be used to estimate the catalyst performance. For the Cu-ZSM-5, the best performance was observed for 400°C, 660 ppm inlet ammonia concentration and 0.1% inlet oxygen concentration. For the V based honeycomb monolith catalyst, the best performance was observed for 300°C, 264 ppm inlet ammonia concentration and 3% inlet oxygen concentration. For the V-Ti based PLIC catalyst, the best performance was observed for 350°C, 330 ppm inlet ammonia concentration and 3% inlet oxygen concentration. For the V-Ti-W based honeycomb monolith catalyst, the best performance was observed for 300°C, 330 ppm inlet ammonia concentration and 3% inlet oxygen concentration. The conversion performance of all of these catalysts is satisfactory for the industrial application. At the operating conditions listed above, the N2O emission is less than 20 ppm and the NO2 emission is less than 10 ppm. The results were validated by comparing the findings with the similar work by other research groups. The mechanism of SCR process is discussed for each of the catalyst. The probable reactions are listed and adsorption and desorption process are studied. The various mechanisms proposed by the researchers are discussed briefly. It is concluded that V-Ti-W and Cu-ZSM-5 catalyst are very promising for SCR of NO[subscript]x. The expressions can be used to estimate the conversion performance and can be utilized for optimal design and operation. The expressions relate the SCR rate to the input parameters such as temperature and inlet oxygen and ammonia concentration hence by controlling these parameters desired NO[subscript]x reduction can be achieved with minimal cost and emission.
Heterogeneous Catalysts
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Author : Wey Yang Teoh
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2021-02-23
Heterogeneous Catalysts written by Wey Yang Teoh and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-23 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Presents state-of-the-art knowledge of heterogeneous catalysts including new applications in energy and environmental fields This book focuses on emerging techniques in heterogeneous catalysis, from new methodology for catalysts design and synthesis, surface studies and operando spectroscopies, ab initio techniques, to critical catalytic systems as relevant to energy and the environment. It provides the vision of addressing the foreseeable knowledge gap unfilled by classical knowledge in the field. Heterogeneous Catalysts: Advanced Design, Characterization and Applications begins with an overview on the evolution in catalysts synthesis and introduces readers to facets engineering on catalysts; electrochemical synthesis of nanostructured catalytic thin films; and bandgap engineering of semiconductor photocatalysts. Next, it examines how we are gaining a more precise understanding of catalytic events and materials under working conditions. It covers bridging pressure gap in surface catalytic studies; tomography in catalysts design; and resolving catalyst performance at nanoscale via fluorescence microscopy. Quantum approaches to predicting molecular reactions on catalytic surfaces follows that, along with chapters on Density Functional Theory in heterogeneous catalysis; first principles simulation of electrified interfaces in electrochemistry; and high-throughput computational design of novel catalytic materials. The book also discusses embracing the energy and environmental challenges of the 21st century through heterogeneous catalysis and much more. Presents recent developments in heterogeneous catalysis with emphasis on new fundamentals and emerging techniques Offers a comprehensive look at the important aspects of heterogeneous catalysis Provides an applications-oriented, bottoms-up approach to a high-interest subject that plays a vital role in industry and is widely applied in areas related to energy and environment Heterogeneous Catalysts: Advanced Design, Characterization and Applications is an important book for catalytic chemists, materials scientists, surface chemists, physical chemists, inorganic chemists, chemical engineers, and other professionals working in the chemical industry.