Shadow Economies Around The World

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Shadow Economies Around The World What Did We Learn Over The Last 20 Years

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Author : Leandro Medina
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-01-25

Shadow Economies Around The World What Did We Learn Over The Last 20 Years written by Leandro Medina and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-25 with Business & Economics categories.

We undertake an extended discussion of the latest developments about the existing and new estimation methods of the shadow economy. New results on the shadow economy for 158 countries all over the world are presented over 1991 to 2015. Strengths and weaknesses of these methods are assessed and a critical comparison and evaluation of the methods is carried out. The average size of the shadow economy of the 158 countries over 1991 to 2015 is 31.9 percent. The largest ones are Zimbabwe with 60.6 percent, and Bolivia with 62.3 percent of GDP. The lowest ones are Austria with 8.9 percent, and Switzerland with 7.2 percent. The new methods, especially the new macro method, Currency Demand Approach (CDA) and Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) in a structured hybrid-model based estimation procedure, are promising approaches from an econometric standpoint, alongside some new micro estimates. These estimations come quite close to others used by statistical offices or based on surveys.

Shadow Economies Around The World

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Author : Mr.Friedrich Schneider
language : en
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Release Date : 2000-01-01

Shadow Economies Around The World written by Mr.Friedrich Schneider and has been published by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.

This paper presents estimates of the size of the shadow economy in 76 developing, transition, and OECD countries, which are derived by combining figures from different estimation methods. We describe and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the different estimation methods. We find that the growth of the shadow economy—which is now remarkably large in the 76 countries—is strongly related to increasing burdens of taxation and social security contributions, as well as to the extent of state regulatory activities. Rising corruption also has a clearly positive impact on the growth of the shadow economy.

Shadow Economies Around The World

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Author : LEANDRO; SCHNEIDER MEDINA (FRIEDRIC.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :

Shadow Economies Around The World written by LEANDRO; SCHNEIDER MEDINA (FRIEDRIC.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.

Shadow Economies Around The World Size Causes And Consequences

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Author : Friedrich Schneider
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

Shadow Economies Around The World Size Causes And Consequences written by Friedrich Schneider and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.

This paper presents estimates of the size of the shadow economy in 76 developing, transition, and OECD countries, which are derived by combining figures from different estimation methods. We describe and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the different estimation methods. We find that the growth of the shadow economy ő which is now remarkably large in the 76 countries ő is strongly related to increasing burdens of taxation and social security contributions, as well as to the extent of state regulatory activities. Rising corruption also has a clearly positive impact on the growth of the shadow economy.

The Shadow Economy

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Author : Friedrich Schneider
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-02-14

The Shadow Economy written by Friedrich Schneider and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-14 with Business & Economics categories.

This book presents new data to give an overview of shadow economies from OECD countries and propose solutions to prevent illicit work.

Hiding In The Shadows

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Author : Mr.Friedrich Schneider
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2002-04-16

Hiding In The Shadows written by Mr.Friedrich Schneider and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-04-16 with Business & Economics categories.

Examines the role of the shadow, or underground, economy. Looks at ways of measuring it, the relationship between the shadow economy and the main stream economy, why it has been growing in size, and its effects on overall economic growth. How can states limit the size of the shadow economy, and does it matter that it exists?

Handbook On The Shadow Economy

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Author : Friedrich Schneider
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2011

Handbook On The Shadow Economy written by Friedrich Schneider and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Business & Economics categories.

This original and insightful handbook presents the latest research on the size and development of the shadow economy (also known as the black or underground economy), an integral component of the most developing and many developed countries' economies.

Formalizing The Shadow Economy In Serbia

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Author : Gorana Krstić
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-04-21

Formalizing The Shadow Economy In Serbia written by Gorana Krstić and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-21 with Political Science categories.

The main objective of this book is to develop a strategy and policy measures to enhance the formalization of the shadow economy in order to improve the competitiveness of the economy and contribute to economic growth; it explores these issues with special reference to Serbia. The size and development of the shadow economy in Serbia and other Central and Eastern European countries are estimated using two different methods (the MIMIC method and household-tax-compliance method). Micro-estimates are based on a special survey of business entities in Serbia, which for the first time allows us to explore the shadow economy from the perspective of enterprises and entrepreneurs. The authors identify the types of shadow economy at work in business entities, the determinants of shadow economy participation, and the impact of competition from the informal sector on businesses. Readers will learn both about the potential fiscal effects of reducing the shadow economy to the levels observed in more developed countries and the effects that formalization of the shadow economy can have on economic growth.

Explaining The Shadow Economy In Europe Size Causes And Policy Options

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Author : Mr.Ben Kelmanson
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2019-12-13

Explaining The Shadow Economy In Europe Size Causes And Policy Options written by Mr.Ben Kelmanson and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-13 with Business & Economics categories.

This paper examines the drivers, and reestimates the size of shadow economies in Europe, with a focus on the emerging economies, and recommends policies to increase formality. The size of shadow economies declined across Europe in recent years but remains significant, especially in Eastern Europe. In the emerging European economies, the key determinants of shadow economy size are regulatory quality, government effectiveness, and human capital. The paper argues that a comprehensive package of reforms, focused on country-specific drivers, is needed to successfully combat the shadow economy. The menu of policies most relevant for Europe’s emerging economies include: reducing regulatory and administrative burdens, promoting transparency and improving government effectiveness, as well as improving tax compliance, automating procedures, and promoting electronic payments.

Measuring The Global Shadow Economy

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Author : Colin C. Williams
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2016-01-29

Measuring The Global Shadow Economy written by Colin C. Williams and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-29 with Business & Economics categories.

This book brings together two leading researchers in the field to provide a comprehensive overview of the shadow economy from a global perspective. Reviewing the advantages and disadvantages of different ways of measuring the informal sector, the authors evaluate its size and key determinants across the world. Williams and Schneider clearly establish the persistence and prevalence of the shadow economy, analysing the narrowness of existing policy approaches and explaining how these fail to address the key factors for its existence and may even exacerbate the problem. Proposing an alternative way forward, the authors argue that little headway will ever be made in reducing the shadow economy until there are changes not only to the character of formal institutions but also informal institutions (the values, beliefs and norms of citizens) through the introduction of macro-level structural changes. This timely, cutting-edge review of the global shadow economy and how it can be measured and tackled is an invaluable resource for postgraduate students, researchers and policy-makers, particularly those with a interest in tax evasion and informal labour.