Signaling By Toll Like Receptors
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Signaling By Toll Like Receptors
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Author : Gregory W. Konat
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2008-06-20
Signaling By Toll Like Receptors written by Gregory W. Konat and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-06-20 with Science categories.
The discovery of toll-like receptors (TLRs) spurred the field of innate immunity into a renaissance after many years of neglect. Since then, TLR research has grown at an exponential rate. Taking an integrated methodological approach, Signaling by Toll-Like Receptors offers a comprehensive review of important techniques in molecular biology, cell biology, biochemistry, genetics, and immunology and their critical application to the study of toll-like receptor structure, biological function, and the intracellular signaling triggered by these receptors.
Toll Like Receptors Tlrs And Innate Immunity
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Author : Stefan Bauer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-12-11
Toll Like Receptors Tlrs And Innate Immunity written by Stefan Bauer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-11 with Medical categories.
Overall recent research on TLRs has led to tremendous increase in our understanding of early steps in pathogen recognition and will presumably lead to potent TLR targeting therapeutics in the future. This book reviews and highlights our recent understanding on the function and ligands of TLRs as well as their role in autoimmunity, dendritic cell activation and target structures for therapeutic intervention.
Itch
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Author : E. Carstens
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-02-25
Itch written by E. Carstens and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-25 with Science categories.
Advances in itch research have elucidated differences between itch and pain but have also blurred the distinction between them. There is a long debate about how somatic sensations including touch, pain, itch, and temperature sensitivity are encoded by the nervous system. Research suggests that each sensory modality is processed along a fixed, direct-line communication system from the skin to the brain. Itch: Mechanisms and Treatment presents a timely update on all aspects of itch research and the clinical treatment of itch that accompanies many dermatological conditions including psoriasis, neuropathic itch, cutaneous t-cells lymphomas, and systemic diseases such as kidney and liver disease and cancer. Composed of contributions from distinguished researchers around the world, the book explores topics such as: Neuropathic itch Peripheral neuronal mechanism of itch The role of PAR-2 in neuroimmune communication and itch Mrgprs as itch receptors The role of interleukin-31 and oncostatin M in itch and neuroimmune communication Spinal coding of itch and pain Spinal microcircuits and the regulation of itch Examining new findings on cellular and molecular mechanisms, the book is a compendium of the most current research on itch, its prevalence in society, and the problems associated with treatment.
Toll And Toll Like Receptors
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Author : Tina Rich
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-03-11
Toll And Toll Like Receptors written by Tina Rich and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-03-11 with Science categories.
Toll Receptors and the Renaissance of Innate Immunity Elizabeth H. Bassett and Tina Rich Overview n the last few pages of Immunology: The Science of Self-Nonself Discrimination Jan Klein ponders on what he would study if he were to start over in the lab. ^ Dismissing the I antibody, MHC, the T-cell and parasitology, he considers instead the phylogeny of immune reactions, particularly in ancient phyla. As for a favored cell he chooses the macrophage. Describ ing it as a ^^MddchenfUr alles," (all purpose kitchen maid) Klein believed that this immunocyte still had secrets to reveal. Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) biology would prove to be one of these secrets. Analyses of the evolution of these receptors (Tolls and TLRs) have also helped us to rethink immune system phylogeny. In the first part of this chapter the history of the discovery of Toll and TLR biology is described. The evolution of the TLR genes and theories of immune function are covered in later sections. The remainder of this book presents work from nine groups active in the field. In the first chapter, "The Function of Toll-Like Receptors", Zlatko Dembic sets the stage by introducing us to many of the components of the immune system and their relationships vis a vis Toll receptors. Zlatko finishes his chapter with a discussion about current immune system models and contributes his own 'integrity model'. Work from the laboratory of Nicholas Gay follows this in "Structures and Motifs Involved in Toll Signaling".
Toll Like Receptors In Health And Disease
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Author : Vijay Kumar
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-06-06
Toll Like Receptors In Health And Disease written by Vijay Kumar and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-06 with Medical categories.
The current book is focussed on the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which are the first pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) discovered in humans. For example, TLR4 was first recognized in humans in 1997 as a PRR recognizing the Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This discovery revolutionized the field of innate immunity and filled the long-standing gap in the pathogen recognition by the immune system. Now, it is well established that humans have 10 (TLR1-TLR10) and mice have 12 (TLR1-TLR13) functional TLRs, excluding TLR10 that is present as a defective pseudogene. TLRs are present as both membrane-bound extracellular (TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, and TLR10) and intracellular (TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9) PRRs in humans, which identify different pathogen or microbe-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs or MAMPs) and death or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released by the host cells. A lot of development in the TLR biology has occurred in last 24 years since there first discovery in humans. The book is intended to describe their role in the host defence, human reproduction, non-infectious sterile inflammatory conditions, including brain immunity and cerebrovascular diseases, signaling mechanisms, adaptive immunity, and their targeting for drug development.
Toll Like Receptors In Inflammation
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Author : Luke A.J. O'Neill
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-03-16
Toll Like Receptors In Inflammation written by Luke A.J. O'Neill and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-03-16 with Medical categories.
A repertoire of 10 TLRs mediate the first response to all microbes that infect mammals. They are the long sought receptors for a wide range of microbial products. Notable examples include TLR4 which recognizes LPS from gram negative bacteria, TLR3 which recognizes viral double-stranded RNA and TLR9 which recognizes CpG DNA motifs, found commonly in both viruses and bacteria. TLRs are increasingly being implicated in both infectious and inflammatory diseases, notable examples being sepsis, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis and asthma. There is therefore great interest in targeting TLRs therapeutically since blocking TLRs will result in a decrease in the production of inflammatory mediators such as TNF. This volume covers our current understanding of TLRs, and their role in inflammation. Given the primacy of TLRs in the inflammatory process and their emerging role in inflammatory diseases the book is of great interest to researchers working in inflammation and immunology.
Toll Like Receptors Roles In Infection And Neuropathology
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Author : Tammy Kielian
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-08-19
Toll Like Receptors Roles In Infection And Neuropathology written by Tammy Kielian and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-08-19 with Medical categories.
Mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) were first identified in 1997 based on their homology with Drosophila Toll, which mediates innate immunity in the fly. In recent years, the number of studies describing TLR expression and function in the nervous system has been increasing steadily and expanding beyond their traditional roles in infectious diseases to neurodegenerative disorders and injury. Interest in the field serves as the impetus for this volume in the Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology series entitled "Toll-like receptors: Roles in Infection and Neuropathology". The first five chapters highlight more traditional roles for TLRs in infectious diseases of the CNS. The second half of the volume discusses recently emerging roles for TLRs in non-infectious neurodegenerative diseases and the challenges faced in these models with identifying endogenous ligands. Several conceptual theories are introduced in various chapters that deal with the dual nature of TLR engagement and whether these signals favor neuroprotective versus neurodegenerative outcomes. This volume should be informative for both experts as well as newcomers to the field of TLRs in the nervous system based on its coverage of basic TLR biology as well as specialization to discuss specific diseases of the nervous system where TLR function has been implicated. A must read for researchers interested in the dual role of these receptors in neuroinfection and neurodegeneration.
Toll Like Receptors
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Author : Nima Rezaei
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2020-01-15
Toll Like Receptors written by Nima Rezaei and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-15 with Science categories.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors that allow innate immunity to protect our body against invading pathogens. They are alsoregulators of adaptive immunity. The human TLR was discovered quite recently, but its functional significance is known worldwide and today TLR agonists have been approved for use in humans. This book provides an overview of TLRs and their role in parasitic infections and neurodegenerative diseases. It is hoped that it will encourage readers to seek out the latest developments in TLRs.
Innate Immunity In Health And Disease
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Author : Shailendra K. Saxena
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2021-08-25
Innate Immunity In Health And Disease written by Shailendra K. Saxena and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-25 with Medical categories.
The book focuses on various aspects and properties of innate immunity, whose deep understanding is integral for safeguarding the human race from further loss of resources and economies due to innate immune response-mediated diseases. Throughout this book, we examine the individual mechanisms by which the innate immune response acts to protect the host from pathogenic infectious agents and other non-communicable diseases. Written by experts in the field, the volume discusses the significance of macrophages in infectious disease, tumor metabolism, and muscular disorders. Chapters cover such topics as the fate of differentiated macrophages and the molecular pathways that are important for the pathologic role of macrophages.
Tumor Microenvironment
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Author : Alexander Birbrair
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-02-06
Tumor Microenvironment written by Alexander Birbrair and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-06 with Science categories.
Revealing essential roles of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research on how different signaling pathways are important in the tumor microenvironment. Multiple signaling pathways are covered, including S1P, neuregulin, Notch, erythropoietin, Rho-ROCK, mTOR, and more. Taken alongside its companion volumes, these books update us on what we know about various aspects of the tumor microenvironment as well as future directions. Tumor Microenvironment: Signaling Pathways – Part A is essential reading for advanced cell biology and cancer biology students as well as researchers seeking an update on research in the tumor microenvironment.