Single Cell Analysis On The Pathophysiology Of Autoimmune Diseases
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Single Cell Analysis On The Pathophysiology Of Autoimmune Diseases
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Author : Shiang-Jong Tzeng
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-07-11
Single Cell Analysis On The Pathophysiology Of Autoimmune Diseases written by Shiang-Jong Tzeng and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-11 with Medical categories.
Despite increasing research to facilitate the understanding of the pathophysiology of autoimmune disorders, the exact cause of the incident of autoimmunity is unknown. Current concepts on the occurrence of autoimmune diseases are thought to involve autoantigens, genetic predisposition, disease triggers, and the breakdown of immune tolerance. In addition to the breakdown of immunological tolerance, one key characteristic of autoimmune disease is that within a single disease there is considerable variability in the clinical manifestation and severity in patients. Single-cell omics have emerged as an effective means of unraveling the complexity and heterogeneity of chronic disease development and therapeutic responses. Recently, advances in cutting-edge spatial profiling of diverse cell types have increased our understanding of how distinct cells interact and orchestrate at specific locations across a tissue landscape in both physiological and pathological contexts at the single-cell level.
The Molecular Pathology Of Autoimmune Diseases
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Author : Argyrios N Theofilopoulos
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2002-12-06
The Molecular Pathology Of Autoimmune Diseases written by Argyrios N Theofilopoulos and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-12-06 with Medical categories.
Remarkable advances have been made in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity, such as with bone marrow transplantation, which is becoming a powerful strategy in treating certain life-threatening diseases. The Molecular Pathology of Autoimmune Diseases is a concise and centralized resource for information on the topic, with a special focus on the molecula
The Role Of Monocytes Macrophages In Autoimmunity And Autoinflammation
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Author : Atsushi Kawakami
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-12-22
The Role Of Monocytes Macrophages In Autoimmunity And Autoinflammation written by Atsushi Kawakami and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-22 with Medical categories.
New Roles Of Neutrophils And Granulocytic Mdsc In Autoimmune Diseases Inflammation And Anti Microbial Immunity
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Author : Dragana Odobasic
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-09-05
New Roles Of Neutrophils And Granulocytic Mdsc In Autoimmune Diseases Inflammation And Anti Microbial Immunity written by Dragana Odobasic and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-05 with Medical categories.
Plasticity Of Monocytes Macrophages Phenotypic Changes During Disease Progression
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Author : Ruoxi Yuan
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-12-07
Plasticity Of Monocytes Macrophages Phenotypic Changes During Disease Progression written by Ruoxi Yuan and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-07 with Medical categories.
Macrophage is a key component of innate immunity that exhibit extensive plasticity and heterogeneity. They are present in virtually every organ of the body and can be replenished by circulating monocytes following insults. Originally macrophages were divided into two major phenotypes: pro-inflammatory M1, which is initiated by TNF-α, INF-γ, and bacterial components such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and anti-inflammatory M2, which is activated through stimulation of IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13. However, segregation into two distinct phenotypes is a marked simplification of the in vivo reality and it is now widely accepted that macrophage phenotype is plastic and determined by highly complex microenvironments, and therefore likely more accurately considered as a spectrum of possible forms of activation. Numerous studies have documented flexibility in their programming, with macrophages switching from one functional phenotype to another in response to the variable microenvironmental signals of the local milieu. Various macrophage populations exist that play distinct and non-redundant roles in fibrosis, tissue repair, and regeneration. For instance, in a general wound healing process, embryo-derived tissue-resident macrophages are rapidly replaced by monocytes after the initial injury. These monocyte-derived macrophages play an active role in the early initiation of acute inflammation. As early as 24–72 h upon tissue injury, macrophage function changes toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype that promotes cell proliferation and tissue remodeling. Upon resolution of inflammation, steady-state self-maintenance of macrophages is also recovered. The wound microenvironment has a predominant role in the behavior and functionality of cells. Both mouse and human diabetic wound preferably induce persistent proinflammatory macrophage polarization that contributes to chronic, non-healing wounds. Contrastingly, prolonged activation of M2 macrophages can also lead to excessive wound healing and ultimately fibrosis. In the context of cancer, anti-inflammatory macrophages have been associated with tumor progression and immunosuppression, thereby negatively affecting the prognosis of patients. On the other hand, studies also showed that the phenotypical changes of macrophages are also accompanied by changes in glycolysis and mitochondrial-related genes as well. Classically activated, proinflammatory M1 macrophages depend to a large extent on glycolysis and produce lactate as the tricarboxylic acid cycle is blocked at two steps. Alternatively, activated M2 macrophages prefer β-oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation to synthesize ATP. However, the number and diversity of signals and the magnitude of the response required to switch macrophages into a pro or anti-inflammatory state remain unclear. A number of techniques have been developed over the years to identify and visualize cell populations, uncover regulatory relationships between genes, and track the trajectories of distinct cell lineages in development. The identification of mechanisms and molecules associated with macrophage plasticity and polarized activation provides a basis for macrophage-centered diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Understanding and being able to controllable promote the desired macrophage phenotypes could have a significant impact on a wide range of diseases.
The Rose And Mackay Textbook Of Autoimmune Diseases
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Author : M. Eric Gershwin
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2024-08-05
The Rose And Mackay Textbook Of Autoimmune Diseases written by M. Eric Gershwin and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-08-05 with Medical categories.
The Rose-Mackay Textbook of Autoimmune Diseases, Seventh Edition is a comprehensive reference that emphasizes the "3 P's" of 21st Century medicine: precision, prediction, and prevention. Topics cover the modern systems approach to biology that involves large amounts of personalized, ongoing physiologic data ("omics") coupled with advanced methods of analysis, new tests of genetic engineering, such as CRISPR, auto inflammatory diseases, autoimmune responses to tumor immunotherapy, and information on normal immune response and disorders. Each of the major autoimmune disorders is discussed by researchers and clinical investigators experienced in dealing with patients.This new edition continues its success with 75% of the content revised, updated, or completely new. This edition is a valuable resource to clinicians involved in the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune disease, as well as to scientists who want to follow developments in the field. - Provides new research on autoimmune diseases, their diagnosis, prevention, and therapy - Covers a complete range of all common, rare and new autoimmune diseases, including cancer and COVID - Extensively revised with 75% new material based on autoimmunity, developments in the different diagnosis and therapies for these autoimmune diseases, and a completely updated description of the different diseases - Supplemented with a website that hosts a Podcast per chapter
Inflammatory Response And Immune Disorder In Rheumatic And Musculoskeletal Diseases
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Author : Lei Zhang
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-07-30
Inflammatory Response And Immune Disorder In Rheumatic And Musculoskeletal Diseases written by Lei Zhang and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-30 with Medical categories.
Rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) are a class of autoimmune diseases that invade multiple tissues, systems, and internal organs, with varying degrees of immune-inflammatory responses. Due to the poor blood circulation of the patient, the nutrients needed by the muscles or tissues cannot be transported through the blood circulation, resulting in the lack of nutrients in the muscles of the patients and accelerated aging and stiffness. In severe cases, the muscles and blood vessels of the patients will atrophy, and some patients may suffer from joint damage. Disability and visceral failure seriously affect normal function, have a high disability rate, and bring a heavy burden to the patient's family and society.
Biology Of Disease
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Author : Ray Arters
language : en
Publisher: Dedona Publishing
Release Date :
Biology Of Disease written by Ray Arters and has been published by Dedona Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Health & Fitness categories.
Disease represents a fundamental disruption of the biological processes that maintain life, transforming the orderly symphony of molecular interactions that characterize health into the discordant chaos of pathology. Understanding disease requires examining how normal biological functions become altered, leading to the clinical manifestations we recognize as illness. This exploration takes us from the molecular level, where protein misfolding or genetic mutations initiate pathological cascades, to the systemic level, where organ dysfunction creates the symptoms that bring patients to seek medical care. The concept of health itself provides the baseline against which disease must be understood. Health represents a dynamic state of physical, mental, and social well-being that extends beyond the mere absence of disease. At the cellular level, health requires the maintenance of homeostasis through countless regulatory mechanisms that keep cellular environments within narrow parameters compatible with life. Metabolic pathways must function efficiently to provide energy and building materials, DNA repair mechanisms must prevent the accumulation of harmful mutations, and immune surveillance must eliminate threats while avoiding autoimmune responses. The transition from health to disease often begins with subtle molecular perturbations that gradually amplify into clinically apparent pathology. A single amino acid substitution in hemoglobin creates the misshapen red blood cells of sickle cell anemia, while the gradual accumulation of misfolded proteins in neurons leads to the progressive degeneration seen in Alzheimer's disease. These examples illustrate how minor molecular changes can have profound consequences for human health, demonstrating the exquisite sensitivity of biological systems to disruption.
Immune Regulation And Immunotherapy In Autoimmune Disease
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Author : Jingwu Zhang
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-01-25
Immune Regulation And Immunotherapy In Autoimmune Disease written by Jingwu Zhang and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-25 with Medical categories.
This book critically reviews both clinical and immunological aspects of auto- mune disease with a strong emphasis on multiple sclerosis (MS). Research in MS is one of the fastest-developing areas in modern medicine. It employs some of the newest concepts in autoimmune mechanisms and an array of new treatments that would have been considered science fiction only two decades ago. It is an area in which research findings are being actively translated into treatment strategies. Advances in this area have both clinical and scientific implications for other autoimmune conditions that share many similarities with MS. The book, which comprises 24 chapters contributed by experts and thought leaders in the field, is designed to provide new insights into two arenas: our current understanding of autoimmune mechanisms and immune regulation and the latest developments in immunotherapy. This book is intended for both researchers and clinicians. Its purpose is not only to provide a comprehensive review on the recent advances in the two arenas m- tioned above but also to reflect the current opinions or concepts that influence our thinking about the disease mechanisms and our way of treating MS patients. Many of these issues have emerged from recent studies and are somewhat contradictory to traditional thinking. For example, recent studies have indicated that MS is more heterogeneous in many aspects than traditionally thought. Pathologically, in ad- tion to demyelination and inflammation, there is axonal loss or damage detectable in the central nervous system (CNS) lesions.
Immune Interactions With Pathogenic And Commensal Fungi
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Author : Wanqing Liao
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-02-03
Immune Interactions With Pathogenic And Commensal Fungi written by Wanqing Liao and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-03 with Medical categories.