Social Networks And Labour Market Outcomes In The Meritocracy
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Social Networks And Labour Market Outcomes In The Meritocracy
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Author : Vincent Chua
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Social Networks And Labour Market Outcomes In The Meritocracy written by Vincent Chua and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Civil service categories.
The Impact Of Social Networks On Labour Market Outcomes
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Author : Adnan Q. Khan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
The Impact Of Social Networks On Labour Market Outcomes written by Adnan Q. Khan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Economics categories.
Debates centered on the role of social networks as a determinant of labour market outcomes have a long history in economics and sociology; however, determining causality remains a challenge. In this study we use information on random assignment to a unique intervention to identify the impact of changes in the size of alternative social network measures on subsequent employment at both the individual and community level. Our results indicate that being assigned to the treatment protocol significantly increased the size of social networks, particularly weak ties. Nevertheless, these increases did not translate into improved employment outcomes 18 months following study completion. We do not find any evidence of treatment effect heterogeneity based on the initial size of one's social network; but those whose strong ties increased at a higher rate during the experiment were significantly less likely to hold a job following the experiment. We find that many of these results also hold at the community level among those who did not directly participate in the intervention. In summary, our results suggest that policies can successfully influence the size of an individual's social network, but these increases have limited impacts on long run labour market outcomes with the notable exception of changes in the composition of individuals who hold jobs.
Social Networks And The Labour Market
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Author : Farzana Afridi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Social Networks And The Labour Market written by Farzana Afridi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
This chapter surveys recent literature on social networks and labour markets, with a specific focus on developing countries. It reviews existing research, in particular, on the use of social networks for hiring and the consequences of networks for on-the-job outcomes, including emerging literature on gender and networks. While there is consensus on the prevalence of social networks in job search there is as yet no consensus on the mechanisms for why referrals are so important: an open question is to uncover systematically the conditions under which different mechanisms are relevant. Second, the literature has documented network effects on labour productivity - mostly when there are no externalities between workers. The findings are that the effects of social ties depend very much on the type of production function assumed. An emerging literature examines whether women benefit from referrals as much as men: gender homophily might play a part in some contexts while in others women confront a bias in referrals. Finally, the literature has moved from use of observational data into lab and field experiments to confront better the challenges of identification.
Agent Based Modelling Of Social Networks In Labour Education Market System
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Author : Alexander Tarvid
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-12-07
Agent Based Modelling Of Social Networks In Labour Education Market System written by Alexander Tarvid and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-07 with Business & Economics categories.
This book covers the modelling of human behaviour in the education and labour markets, which due to their interdependency are viewed as one system. Important factors influencing the decision-making of individuals and firms in this system are discussed. The role of social environment and networks is stressed. The approach of agent-based modelling is presented and compared with standard economic modelling and other simulation techniques in the context of modelling complex adaptive systems. Practical questions in building agent-based models of labour–education market system with social networks are discussed. These questions include modelling the structure of education system and agent behaviour there; modelling and calibrating the labour market without and with firms; generating the social network, defining its behaviour and calibrating it; and embedding the resulting system into a larger model.
Social Networks And Labour Market Transitions
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Author : Yann Bramoullé
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Social Networks And Labour Market Transitions written by Yann Bramoullé and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Employment re-entry categories.
Maintaining Advantage
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Author : Diana Roxana Galos
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Maintaining Advantage written by Diana Roxana Galos and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with College graduates categories.
Several studies have scrutinized the direct effect of social origin on the labour market outcomes of highly educated individuals. A major critique of these previous studies is that university education has not been measured adequately, and if the quality of higher education was measured properly, the effect of social origin would disappear. This thesis addresses this shortcoming in measurement, and investigates five mechanisms of how social advantage reproduces among highly educated individuals. I show that the effects of social origins persist and I consider why upper-class graduates have better labour market outcomes than lower-class graduates. In understanding how inequality is reproduced among university graduates, I investigate qualitative differences in higher education, internal migration, elite higher education institutions, compensatory advantage, and discrimination based on social class. The first chapter Does Social Origin Still Matter? The Effect of Social Origin on Graduates' Occupations in Italy, analyses the direct effect of social origins on the labour market by employing a detailed measure of education that accounts for the qualitative differences in higher education such as universities attended, fields of study and grades. The second chapter Privilege Travels: Migration and Labour Market Outcomes of Southern Italian Graduates assesses internal migration as an under-studied mechanism in the intergenerational reproduction of inequality literature. Chapter three Elites Remain Elites: Social Background in Elite Higher Education Institutions in France estimates the effect of attending elite universities on income, while holding constant the motivation of students to enroll in an elite institution and previous academic achievement and it also tests whether attending an elite institution provides a meritocratic labour market after graduation. The final chapter Social Media and Hiring: An Online Experiment on Discrimination based on Social Class tests discrimination based on social class in a potential hiring situation and two of the possible mechanisms behind it. Taken together, the resulting thesis offers theory and evidence to better understand the effects of social origins on the labour market among graduates, proposing five mechanisms of how intergenerational inequality is transmitted.
Networks Work And Inequality
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Author : Steve McDonald
language : en
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Release Date : 2013-04-23
Networks Work And Inequality written by Steve McDonald and has been published by Emerald Group Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-23 with Business & Economics categories.
This volume illuminates the processes by which social networks in work organizations can effectively generate, sustain and ameliorate social inequalities across individuals, firms and occupational fields. It offers valuable insights that inform researchers and policy makers regarding issues of workplace discrimination, diversity and innovation.
Making Meritocracy
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Author : Jorge Paulo Lemann Professor Tarun Khanna
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022-08-26
Making Meritocracy written by Jorge Paulo Lemann Professor Tarun Khanna and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-26 with categories.
How do societies identify and promote merit? Enabling all people to fulfill their potential, and ensuring the selection of competent and capable leaders are central challenges for any society. These are not new concerns. Scholars, educators, and political and economic elites in China and India have been pondering them for centuries and continue to do so today, with enormously high stakes. In Making Meritocracy, Tarun Khanna and Michael Szonyi have gathered over a dozen experts from a range of intellectual perspectives--political science, history, philosophy, anthropology, economics, and applied mathematics--to discuss how the two most populous societies in the world have addressed the issue of building meritocracy historically, philosophically, and in practice. They focus on how contemporary policy makers, educators, and private-sector practitioners seek to promote it today. Importantly, they also discuss Singapore, which is home to large Chinese and Indian populations and the most successful meritocracy in recent times. Both China and India look to it for lessons. Though the past, present, and future of meritocracy building in China and India have distinctive local inflections, their attempts to enhance their power, influence, and social well-being by prioritizing merit-based advancement offers rich lessons both for one another and for the rest of the world--including rich countries like the United States, which are currently witnessing broad-based attacks on the very idea of meritocracy.
Causal Effects Of Social Capital
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Author : Yunsong Chen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-10-02
Causal Effects Of Social Capital written by Yunsong Chen and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-02 with Social Science categories.
This book presents a series of studies focusing on the role of social capital in the labor market and beyond. Using the effect of individual social capital on labor markets as an example, this book pays special attention to the origins of and solutions to the endogeneity problem. It uses several identification strategies to systematically test for the causal effects of social capital. First, this book constitutes the first attempt to offer a systematic account of the progress made by social scientists in improving causal inferences into the role of social capital in labor markets. Second, the book adopts specialized approaches—both classical and new—toward different sources of endogeneity. Incorporating the latest research from outside fields, such as economics, into sociological research is a small but significant methodological innovation. Third, in addition to empirical research, this book undertakes an innovative exploration of the theory of social capital. It creatively explains the dynamic evolution of social capital, which helps balance objectivism and subjectivism when analyzing interpersonal actions. For sociologists who focus on quantitative research methods and social capital, scholars who study Chinese societies, and related students, this book provides both advanced methods and rich empirical research.
Social Capital In Singapore
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Author : Vincent Chua
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-12-27
Social Capital In Singapore written by Vincent Chua and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-27 with Social Science categories.
How can social cohesion be achieved in a meritocratic and multicultural global city-state? Meritocracy poses a paradox: On one hand, it integrates individuals through frameworks of equal treatment, equal justice and opportunity regardless of race, language or religion. On the other hand, individuals are then segregating through academic sorting, they are rewarded based on credentials and performance which also results in elite identification and bonding. After a generation, without mitigation action, social stratification can result. Distinctive circles differentiating social elites from non-elites, the professional classes from non-professional classes emerge. The remedy the authors propose is network diversity which is the organic forming of ties across class and other social boundaries built on deliberate policies, programmes and platforms designed to facilitate that. This social mixing, forged in social infrastructure such as schools, workplaces, and voluntary associations pays off by producing the collective goods of national identity and trust. This hypothesis has been tested in the case of Singapore society and the empirical results from the research on the power of network diversity and bridging social capital are found in this volume. An insightful read for scholars and practitioners in public policy and social network analysis looking to understand the challenges faced by and the experiences that have emerged from the case of Singapore with its multicultural and cosmopolitan setting.