Soft X Ray Optics And Technology
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Soft X Rays And Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation
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Author : David Attwood
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2007-02-22
Soft X Rays And Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation written by David Attwood and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-02-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This detailed, comprehensive book describes the fundamental properties of soft X-rays and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation and discusses their applications in a wide variety of fields, including EUV lithography for semiconductor chip manufacture and soft X-ray biomicroscopy. The author begins by presenting the relevant basic principles such as radiation and scattering, wave propagation, diffraction, and coherence. He then goes on to examine a broad range of phenomena and applications. The topics covered include spectromicroscopy, EUV astronomy, synchrotron radiation, and soft X-ray lasers. The author also provides a wealth of useful reference material such as electron binding energies, characteristic emission lines and photo-absorption cross-sections. The book will be of great interest to graduate students and researchers in engineering, physics, chemistry, and the life sciences. It will also appeal to practising engineers involved in semiconductor fabrication and materials science.
X Ray Optics
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Author : Yuri Shvyd'ko
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2004-06-25
X Ray Optics written by Yuri Shvyd'ko and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-06-25 with Science categories.
The generation of radiation with well-defined frequency and wavelength, and the ability to precisely determine these quantities, are of fundamental importance in physics and other natural sciences. Monochromatic radiation enables both very accurate structure determinations and studies of the dynamics of living and non-living matter. It is crucial for the realization of standards of time and length, for the determination of fundamental constants, and for many other aspects of basic research. Bragg backscattering from perfect crystals is a tool for creating, manipulating, and analyzing x-rays with highest spectral purity. It has the unique feature of selecting x-rays with narrow spectral bandwidth. This book describes the theoretical foundations and principles of x-ray crystal optics with high spectral resolution. Various experimental studies and applications are presented and the author also addresses the development of instrumentation, such as high-resolution x-ray monochromators, analyzers, wavelength meters, resonators, and interferometers. The book will be a valuable source of information for all students and researchers working in the field of x-ray optics.
Soft X Ray Optics
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Author : Eberhard Spiller
language : en
Publisher: Society of Photo Optical
Release Date : 1994
Soft X Ray Optics written by Eberhard Spiller and has been published by Society of Photo Optical this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Science categories.
This text describes optics mainly in the 10 to 500 angstrom wavelength region. These wavelengths are 50 to 100 times shorter than those for visible light and 50 to 100 times longer than the wavelengths of medical x rays or x-ray diffraction from natural crystals. There have been substantial advances during the last 20 years, which one can see as an extension of optical technology to shorter wavelengths or as an extension of x-ray diffraction to longer wavelengths. Artificial diffracting structures like zone plates and multilayer mirrors are replacing the natural crystals of x-ray diffraction. Some of these structures can now be fabricated to have diffraction-limited resolution. The new possibilities are described in a simple, tutorial way.
Optical Systems For Soft X Rays
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Author : A.G. Michette
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Optical Systems For Soft X Rays written by A.G. Michette and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
A fundamental problem in cell biology is the cause of aging. The solution to this problem has not yet been obtained because,(l) until recently, it was not possible to image living cells directly. The use of low-energy (soft) X rays has made such imaging possible, perhaps thereby allowing the aging process to be understood and possibly overcome (a result that may well generate further social, moral, and ethical problems). Fortun ately this is not the only aspect of cell biology amenable to soft X-ray imaging, and it is envisaged that many less controversial studies--such as investigations of the detailed differences between healthy and diseased or malignant cells (in their natural states) and processes of cell division and growth-will be made possible. The use of soft X rays is not limited to biological studies-many applications are possible in, for example, fusion research, materials science, and astronomy. Such studies have only recently begun in earnest because several difficulties had to be overcome, major among these being the lack (for some purposes) of sufficiently intense sources, and the technological difficulties associated with making efficient optical systems. As is well known, the advent of dedicated synchrotron radiation sources, in particular, has alleviated the first of these difficulties, not just for the soft X-ray region. It is the purpose of this book to consider progress in the second.
Nanoscale Photonic Imaging
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Author : Tim Salditt
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-06-09
Nanoscale Photonic Imaging written by Tim Salditt and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-09 with Science categories.
This open access book, edited and authored by a team of world-leading researchers, provides a broad overview of advanced photonic methods for nanoscale visualization, as well as describing a range of fascinating in-depth studies. Introductory chapters cover the most relevant physics and basic methods that young researchers need to master in order to work effectively in the field of nanoscale photonic imaging, from physical first principles, to instrumentation, to mathematical foundations of imaging and data analysis. Subsequent chapters demonstrate how these cutting edge methods are applied to a variety of systems, including complex fluids and biomolecular systems, for visualizing their structure and dynamics, in space and on timescales extending over many orders of magnitude down to the femtosecond range. Progress in nanoscale photonic imaging in Göttingen has been the sum total of more than a decade of work by a wide range of scientists and mathematicians across disciplines, working together in a vibrant collaboration of a kind rarely matched. This volume presents the highlights of their research achievements and serves as a record of the unique and remarkable constellation of contributors, as well as looking ahead at the future prospects in this field. It will serve not only as a useful reference for experienced researchers but also as a valuable point of entry for newcomers.
Journal Of Research Of The National Institute Of Standards And Technology
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Journal Of Research Of The National Institute Of Standards And Technology written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Chemistry categories.
Reports NIST research and development in the physical and engineering sciences in which the Institute is active. These include physics, chemistry, engineering, mathematics, and computer sciences. Emphasis on measurement methodology and the basic technology underlying standardization.
Optics Design And Precision Manufacturing Technologies
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Author : Guo Fan Jin
language : en
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd
Release Date : 2007-12-06
Optics Design And Precision Manufacturing Technologies written by Guo Fan Jin and has been published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Selected, peer reviewed papers from the Asia Pacific Conference on Optics Manufacture 2007, 11-13 January 2007, Hong Kong, P.R.China
Journal Of Research Of The National Bureau Of Standards
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Journal Of Research Of The National Bureau Of Standards written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Research categories.
Handbook Of Optical Constants Of Solids
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Author : Edward D. Palik
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 1991-03-21
Handbook Of Optical Constants Of Solids written by Edward D. Palik and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-03-21 with Science categories.
This set of five volumes, four volumes edited by Edward D. Palik and a volume by Gorachand Ghosh, is a unique resource for any science and technology library. It provides materials researchers and optical device designers with reference facts in a context not available anywhere else. The singular functionality of the set derives from the unique format for the three core volumes that comprise the Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids. The Handbook satisfies several essential needs: first, it affords the most comprehensive database of the refractive index and extinction (or loss) coefficient of technically important and scientifically interesting dielectrics. This data has been critically selected and evaluated by authorities on each material. Second, the dielectric constant database is supplemented by tutorial chapters covering the basics of dielectric theory and reviews of experimental techniques for each wavelength region and material characteristic. As an additional resource, two of the tutorial chapters summarize the relevant characteristics of each of the materials in the database. The data in the core volumes have been collected and analyzed over a period of twelve years, with the most recent completed in 1997. The volumes systematically define the dielectric properties of 143 of the most engaging materials, including metals, semiconductors, and insulators. Together, the three Palik books contain nearly 3,000 pages, with about 2/3 devoted to the dielectric constant data. The tutorial chapters in the remaining 1/3 of the pages contain a wealth of information, including some dielectric data. Hence, the separate volume, Index to Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids, which is included as part of the set, substantially enhances the utility of the Handbook and in essence, joins all the Palik volumes into one unit. It isthen of great importance to users of the set. A final volume rounds out the set. The Handbook of Thermo-Optic Coefficients of Optical Materials with Applications collects refractive index measurements and their temperature dependence for a large number of crystals and glasses. Mathematical models represent these data, and in turn are used in the design of nonlinear optical devices. * Unique source of extremely useful optical data for a very broad community of scientists, researchers, and practitioners * Will be of great practical applicability to both industry and research * Presents optical constants for a broadest spectral range, for a very large number of materials: Paliks three volumes include 143 materials including 43 elements; Ghoshs volume includes some 70 technologically interesting crystals and many commercial glasses * Includes a special index volume that enables the user to search for the information in the three Palik volumes easily and quickly * Critique chapters in the Palik volumes discuss the data and give reference to most of the literature available for each material * Presents various techniques for measuring the optical constants and mathematical models for analytical calculations of some data.
Publications Of The National Institute Of Standards And Technology Catalog
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Author : National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Publications Of The National Institute Of Standards And Technology Catalog written by National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with categories.