Soil Organic Matter Decomposition
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The Importance Of Soil Organic Matter
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Author : Alexandra Bot
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2005
The Importance Of Soil Organic Matter written by Alexandra Bot and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Soil organic matter - the product of on-site biological decomposition - affects the chemical and physical properties of the soil and its overall health. Its composition and breakdown rate affect: the soil structure and porosity; the water infiltration rate and moisture holding capacity of soils; the diversity and biological activity of soil organisms; and plant nutrient availability. This document concentrates on the organic matter dynamics of cropping soils and discusses the circumstances that deplete organic matter and their negative outcomes. It then moves on to more proactive solutions. It reviews a "basket" of practices in order to show how they can increase organic matter content and discusses the land and cropping benefits that then accrue.--Publisher's description.
Soil Organic Matter Decomposition
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Author : Fadly Hairannoor Yusran
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Soil Organic Matter Decomposition written by Fadly Hairannoor Yusran and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Humus categories.
[Truncated abstract] Relationships between the persistence of organic matter added to soil, the dynamics of soil organic carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) were examined in four experiments on lateritic soils of Western Australia. The main objective was to quantify the release of P following organic matter application in soils which have high P adsorbing capacity. Another objective was to confirm that due to its recalcitrant materials, the effect of peat lasted longer in soil than other sources of organic matter in terms of increasing plant-available P fractions. Three experiments were conducted under glasshouse conditions for various lengths of time, with nine- to twelve-month incubations to investigate these hypotheses. As expected, organic matter with lower C:N ratios than peat (lucerne hay) decomposed more rapidly compared with peat, and the most active mineralisation took place within the first three months of incubation. Soil organic-C (extracted by 0.5 M K2SO4) had a significant positive correlation with P extracted with 0.5 M NaHCO pH 8.53. For a higher application rate (120 ton ha-1), peat was better than wheat straw and lucerne hay in increasing extractable bicarbonate-P concentrations in soil, especially at incubation times up to 12 months. Throughout the experiment, peat was associated with a steady increase in all parameters measured. In contrast to peat, nutrient release from lucerne hay and wheat straw was rapid and diminished over time. There was a tendency for organic-C (either in the form of total extractable organic-C or microbial biomass-C) to steadily increase in soil with added peat throughout the experiment. Unlike wheat straw and lucerne hay, extractable organic-C from peat remained in soil and there was less C loss in the form of respiration. Therefore, peat persisted and sequestered C to the soil system for a longer time than the other source of organic matter. Freshly added organic matter was expected to have a greater influence on P transformation from adsorbed forms in lateritic soils than existing soil organic matter. By removing the existing soil organic matter, the effect of freshly applied organic matter can be determine separately from that of the existing soil organic matter for a similar organic-C content. In order to do this, some soil samples were combusted up to 450° C to eliminate inherent soil organic matter. The release of P was greater when organic-C from fresh organic matter was applied to combusted soils than in uncombusted soils that contained the existing soil organic matter. The exception only applied for parameters related to soil micro-organisms such as biomass-C and phosphatase. For such parameters, new soil organic matter did not create conditions favourable for organisms to increase in activity despite the abundance of organic matter available. More non-extractable-P was formed in combusted soils compared to bicarbonate-P and it contributed to more than 50% of total-P. As for the first experiment, peat also showed a constant effect in increasing bicarbonate extractable-P in the soil.
Some Factors Affecting Soil Organic Matter Decomposition
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Author : Herbert A. Lunt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1923
Some Factors Affecting Soil Organic Matter Decomposition written by Herbert A. Lunt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1923 with Humus categories.
Microbial Regulation Of Soil Organic Matter Decomposition At The Regional Scale
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Author : Rana Shahbaz Ali
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Microbial Regulation Of Soil Organic Matter Decomposition At The Regional Scale written by Rana Shahbaz Ali and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Humus categories.
Soil Organic Matter
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Author : M. M. Kononova
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-02
Soil Organic Matter written by M. M. Kononova and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Soil Organic Matter: Its Nature, Its Role in Soil Formation and in Soil Fertility focuses on the contributions of soil organic matter in soil formation and fertility, including weathering, decomposition, and synthesis of humus substances. The publication first elaborates on the main stages in the history of soil humus study and ideas on the composition of soil organic matter and nature of humus substances. Discussions focus on organic substances of individual nature, strictly humus substances in soil organic matter, and humus substances as a complex of high molecular- weight compounds. The text then examines the biochemistry of humus formation, including the role of physical, chemical, and biological factors, origin of humus substances, possible participation of lignin in the formation of humus substances, and the role of oxidizing enzymes in the synthesis of humus substances. The manuscript takes a look at the importance of organic matter in soil formation and soil fertility and the natural factors of humus formation. Topics include the role of organic matter in the weathering and decomposition of soil minerals; role of organic matter in the formation of soil structure; effect of organic matter on the growth and development of plants; and influence of chemical and physicochemical soil properties on humus formation. The publication is a dependable source material for readers interested in the influence of soil organic matter in soil formation and fertility.
Soil Organic Matter Decomposition In Permafrost Affected Soils And Sediments
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Author : Josefine Walz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Soil Organic Matter Decomposition In Permafrost Affected Soils And Sediments written by Josefine Walz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Soil Aggregation And Organic Matter Decomposition
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Author : Gordon Chesters
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1959
Soil Aggregation And Organic Matter Decomposition written by Gordon Chesters and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1959 with Soil fertility categories.
Soil Organic Matter
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Author : Robert L. Tate
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
Release Date : 1987-01-19
Soil Organic Matter written by Robert L. Tate and has been published by Wiley-Interscience this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-01-19 with Science categories.
This timely volume provides a basic introduction to the biological aspects of soil organic matter. With rapidly increasing societal demands on the soil ecosystem and the current recognition that the pools of organic matter in agricultural soils are declining, we have come to realize the essential function that soil organic matter performs in the ecosystem. The author shows how, in many cases, the total nature and longevity of the the entire ecosystem are controlled by the chemical, biological, and physical properties of the soil organic matter pool. Covers fauna, microbes, and enzymes in the soil; organic matter transformation and humification; mathematical modeling; ecosystem management, and much more.
Effect Of Temperature On Soil Organic Matter Decomposition
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Author : M. Ent
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Effect Of Temperature On Soil Organic Matter Decomposition written by M. Ent and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with categories.
Soil Organic Matter In Sustainable Agriculture
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Author : Fred Magdoff
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2004-05-27
Soil Organic Matter In Sustainable Agriculture written by Fred Magdoff and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-05-27 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Recognition of the importance of soil organic matter (SOM) in soil health and quality is a major part of fostering a holistic, preventive approach to agricultural management. Students in agronomy, horticulture, and soil science need a textbook that emphasizes strategies for using SOM management in the prevention of chemical, biological, and physical problems. Soil Organic Matter in Sustainable Agriculture gathers key scientific reviews concerning issues that are critical for successful SOM management. This textbook contains evaluations of the types of organic soil constituents—organisms, fresh residues, and well-decomposed substances. It explores the beneficial effects of organic matter on soil and the various practices that enhance SOM. Chapters include an examination of the results of crop management practices on soil organisms, organic matter gains and losses, the significance of various SOM fractions, and the contributions of fungi and earthworms to soil quality and crop growth. Emphasizing the prevention of imbalances that lead to soil and crop problems, the text also explores the development of soils suppressive to plant diseases and pests, and relates SOM management to the supply of nutrients to crops. This book provides the essential scientific background and poses the challenging questions that students need to better understand SOM and develop improved soil and crop management systems.