Solid State Drives Ssds Modeling
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Solid State Drives Ssds Modeling
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Author : Rino Micheloni
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-03-28
Solid State Drives Ssds Modeling written by Rino Micheloni and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book introduces simulation tools and strategies for complex systems of solid-state-drives (SSDs) which consist of a flash multi-core microcontroller plus NAND flash memories. It provides a broad overview of the most popular simulation tools, with special focus on open source solutions. VSSIM, NANDFlashSim and DiskSim are benchmarked against performances of real SSDs under different traffic workloads. PROs and CONs of each simulator are analyzed, and it is clearly indicated which kind of answers each of them can give and at a what price. It is explained, that speed and precision do not go hand in hand, and it is important to understand when to simulate what, and with which tool. Being able to simulate SSD’s performances is mandatory to meet time-to-market, together with product cost and quality. Over the last few years the authors developed an advanced simulator named “SSDExplorer” which has been used to evaluate multiple phenomena with great accuracy, from QoS (Quality Of Service) to Read Retry, from LDPC Soft Information to power, from Flash aging to FTL. SSD simulators are also addressed in a broader context in this book, i.e. the analysis of what happens when SSDs are connected to the OS (Operating System) and to the end-user application (for example, a database search). The authors walk the reader through the full simulation flow of a real system-level by combining SSD Explorer with the QEMU virtual platform. The reader will be impressed by the level of know-how and the combination of models that such simulations are asking for.
Inside Solid State Drives Ssds
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Author : Rino Micheloni
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-10-15
Inside Solid State Drives Ssds written by Rino Micheloni and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-15 with Science categories.
Solid State Drives (SSDs) are gaining momentum in enterprise and client applications, replacing Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) by offering higher performance and lower power. In the enterprise, developers of data center server and storage systems have seen CPU performance growing exponentially for the past two decades, while HDD performance has improved linearly for the same period. Additionally, multi-core CPU designs and virtualization have increased randomness of storage I/Os. These trends have shifted performance bottlenecks to enterprise storage systems. Business critical applications such as online transaction processing, financial data processing and database mining are increasingly limited by storage performance. In client applications, small mobile platforms are leaving little room for batteries while demanding long life out of them. Therefore, reducing both idle and active power consumption has become critical. Additionally, client storage systems are in need of significant performance improvement as well as supporting small robust form factors. Ultimately, client systems are optimizing for best performance/power ratio as well as performance/cost ratio. SSDs promise to address both enterprise and client storage requirements by drastically improving performance while at the same time reducing power. Inside Solid State Drives walks the reader through all the main topics related to SSDs: from NAND Flash to memory controller (hardware and software), from I/O interfaces (PCIe/SAS/SATA) to reliability, from error correction codes (BCH and LDPC) to encryption, from Flash signal processing to hybrid storage. We hope you enjoy this tour inside Solid State Drives.
Inside Solid State Drives Ssds
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Author : Rino Micheloni
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-07-11
Inside Solid State Drives Ssds written by Rino Micheloni and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-11 with Science categories.
The revised second edition of this respected text provides a state-of-the-art overview of the main topics relating to solid state drives (SSDs), covering NAND flash memories, memory controllers (including booth hardware and software), I/O interfaces (PCIe/SAS/SATA), reliability, error correction codes (BCH and LDPC), encryption, flash signal processing and hybrid storage. Updated throughout to include all recent work in the field, significant changes for the new edition include: A new chapter on flash memory errors and data recovery procedures in SSDs for reliability and lifetime improvement Updated coverage of SSD Architecture and PCI Express Interfaces moving from PCIe Gen3 to PCIe Gen4 and including a section on NVMe over fabric (NVMf) An additional section on 3D flash memories An update on standard reliability procedures for SSDs Expanded coverage of BCH for SSDs, with a specific section on detection A new section on non-binary Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes, the most recent advancement in the field A description of randomization in the protection of SSD data against attacks, particularly relevant to 3D architectures The SSD market is booming, with many industries placing a huge effort in this space, spending billions of dollars in R&D and product development. Moreover, flash manufacturers are now moving to 3D architectures, thus enabling an even higher level of storage capacity. This book takes the reader through the fundamentals and brings them up to speed with the most recent developments in the field, and is suitable for advanced students, researchers and engineers alike.
Model Optimization Methods For Efficient And Edge Ai
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Author : Pethuru Raj Chelliah
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2024-11-13
Model Optimization Methods For Efficient And Edge Ai written by Pethuru Raj Chelliah and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-11-13 with Computers categories.
Comprehensive overview of the fledgling domain of federated learning (FL), explaining emerging FL methods, architectural approaches, enabling frameworks, and applications Model Optimization Methods for Efficient and Edge AI explores AI model engineering, evaluation, refinement, optimization, and deployment across multiple cloud environments (public, private, edge, and hybrid). It presents key applications of the AI paradigm, including computer vision (CV) and Natural Language Processing (NLP), explaining the nitty-gritty of federated learning (FL) and how the FL method is helping to fulfill AI model optimization needs. The book also describes tools that vendors have created, including FL frameworks and platforms such as PySyft, Tensor Flow Federated (TFF), FATE (Federated AI Technology Enabler), Tensor/IO, and more. The first part of the text covers popular AI and ML methods, platforms, and applications, describing leading AI frameworks and libraries in order to clearly articulate how these tools can help with visualizing and implementing highly flexible AI models quickly. The second part focuses on federated learning, discussing its basic concepts, applications, platforms, and its potential in edge systems (such as IoT). Other topics covered include: Building AI models that are destined to solve several problems, with a focus on widely articulated classification, regression, association, clustering, and other prediction problems Generating actionable insights through a variety of AI algorithms, platforms, parallel processing, and other enablers Compressing AI models so that computational, memory, storage, and network requirements can be substantially reduced Addressing crucial issues such as data confidentiality, data access rights, data protection, and access to heterogeneous data Overcoming cyberattacks on mission-critical software systems by leveraging federated learning Written in an accessible manner and containing a helpful mix of both theoretical concepts and practical applications, Model Optimization Methods for Efficient and Edge AI is an essential reference on the subject for graduate and postgraduate students, researchers, IT professionals, and business leaders.
Creating Composite Application Pattern Models For Ibm Pureapplication System
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Author : Prashanth Bhat
language : en
Publisher: IBM Redbooks
Release Date : 2013-08-22
Creating Composite Application Pattern Models For Ibm Pureapplication System written by Prashanth Bhat and has been published by IBM Redbooks this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-22 with Computers categories.
This IBM® Redbooks® publication describes how IBM PureApplicationTM System supports the creation of virtual systems and virtual applications. PureApplication System does so using a pattern model that enables you to take advantage of predefined, pre-configured, and proven middleware topologies and deployments. This book also presents an abstraction level that focuses on functional capabilities and applications, completely encapsulating the underlying middleware. It describes in detail the model and the associated frameworks in PureApplication System, as well as a methodology and approach toward designing and implementing a custom pattern model. This book shows concrete implementation examples that you can use when creating your own pattern model, paired with a collection of leading practices. This IBM Redbooks publication gives critical guidance to, and serves as a reference for, independent software vendors (ISVs) who want to create patterns for their packaged applications on PureApplication System. Clients who want to extend and enhance their existing patterns can also use this book.
Implementing Ibm Flashsystem V9000 Ac3 With Flash Enclosure Model Ae3
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Author : Detlef Helmbrecht
language : en
Publisher: IBM Redbooks
Release Date : 2019-03-25
Implementing Ibm Flashsystem V9000 Ac3 With Flash Enclosure Model Ae3 written by Detlef Helmbrecht and has been published by IBM Redbooks this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-25 with Computers categories.
Updated March 2019 - See Appendix B: IBM FlashSystem V9000 FlashCore Forever The success or failure of businesses often depends on how well organizations use their data assets for competitive advantage. Deeper insights from data require better information technology. As organizations modernize their IT infrastructure to boost innovation rather than limit it, they need a data storage system that can keep pace with several areas that affect your business: Highly virtualized environments Cloud computing Mobile and social systems of engagement In-depth, real-time analytics Making the correct decision on storage investment is critical. Organizations must have enough storage performance and agility to innovate when they need to implement cloud-based IT services, deploy virtual desktop infrastructure, enhance fraud detection, and use new analytics capabilities. At the same time, future storage investments must lower IT infrastructure costs while helping organizations to derive the greatest possible value from their data assets. The IBM® FlashSystem V9000 is the premier, fully integrated, Tier 1, all-flash offering from IBM. It has changed the economics of today's data center by eliminating storage bottlenecks. Its software-defined storage features simplify data management, improve data security, and preserve your investments in storage. The IBM FlashSystem® V9000 SAS expansion enclosures provide new tiering options with read-intensive SSDs or nearline SAS HDDs. IBM FlashSystem V9000 includes IBM FlashCore® technology and advanced software-defined storage available in one solution in a compact 6U form factor. IBM FlashSystem V9000 improves business application availability. It delivers greater resource utilization so you can get the most from your storage resources, and achieve a simpler, more scalable, and cost-efficient IT Infrastructure. This IBM Redbooks® publication provides information about IBM FlashSystem V9000 Software V8.1. It describes the core product architecture, software, hardware, and implementation, and provides hints and tips. The underlying basic hardware and software architecture and features of the IBM FlashSystem V9000 AC3 control enclosure and on IBM Spectrum Virtualize 8.1 software are described in these publications: Implementing IBM FlashSystem 900 Model AE3, SG24-8414 Implementing the IBM System Storage SAN Volume Controller V7.4, SG24-7933 Using IBM FlashSystem V9000 software functions, management tools, and interoperability combines the performance of IBM FlashSystem architecture with the advanced functions of software-defined storage to deliver performance, efficiency, and functions that meet the needs of enterprise workloads that demand IBM MicroLatency® response time. This book offers IBM FlashSystem V9000 scalability concepts and guidelines for planning, installing, and configuring, which can help environments scale up and out to add more flash capacity and expand virtualized systems. Port utilization methodologies are provided to help you maximize the full potential of IBM FlashSystem V9000 performance and low latency in your scalable environment. This book is intended for pre-sales and post-sales technical support professionals, storage administrators, and anyone who wants to understand how to implement this exciting technology.
Xref System X Reference
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Author : David Watts
language : en
Publisher: IBM Redbooks
Release Date : 2015-05-18
Xref System X Reference written by David Watts and has been published by IBM Redbooks this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-18 with Computers categories.
Lenovo System x® and BladeCenter® servers and Lenovo Flex SystemTM compute nodes help to deliver a dynamic infrastructure that provides leadership quality and service that you can trust. This document (simply known as xREF) is a quick reference guide to the specifications of the currently available models of each System x and BladeCenter server. Each page can be used in a stand-alone format and provides a dense and comprehensive summary of the features of that particular server model. Links to the related Product Guide are also provided for more information. An easy-to-remember link you can use to share this guide: http://lenovopress.com/xref Also available is xREF for Products Withdrawn Prior to 2012, a document that contains xREF sheets of System x, BladeCenter, and xSeries servers, and IntelliStation workstations that were withdrawn from marketing prior to 2012. Changes in the May 18 update: Added the Flex System Carrier-Grade Chassis See the Summary of changes in the document for a complete change history.
Machine Learning And Non Volatile Memories
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Author : Rino Micheloni
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-25
Machine Learning And Non Volatile Memories written by Rino Micheloni and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-25 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents the basics of both NAND flash storage and machine learning, detailing the storage problems the latter can help to solve. At a first sight, machine learning and non-volatile memories seem very far away from each other. Machine learning implies mathematics, algorithms and a lot of computation; non-volatile memories are solid-state devices used to store information, having the amazing capability of retaining the information even without power supply. This book will help the reader understand how these two worlds can work together, bringing a lot of value to each other. In particular, the book covers two main fields of application: analog neural networks (NNs) and solid-state drives (SSDs). After reviewing the basics of machine learning in Chapter 1, Chapter 2 shows how neural networks can mimic the human brain; to accomplish this result, neural networks have to perform a specific computation called vector-by-matrix (VbM) multiplication, which is particularly power hungry. In the digital domain, VbM is implemented by means of logic gates which dictate both the area occupation and the power consumption; the combination of the two poses serious challenges to the hardware scalability, thus limiting the size of the neural network itself, especially in terms of the number of processable inputs and outputs. Non-volatile memories (phase change memories in Chapter 3, resistive memories in Chapter 4, and 3D flash memories in Chapter 5 and Chapter 6) enable the analog implementation of the VbM (also called “neuromorphic architecture”), which can easily beat the equivalent digital implementation in terms of both speed and energy consumption. SSDs and flash memories are strictly coupled together; as 3D flash scales, there is a significant amount of work that has to be done in order to optimize the overall performances of SSDs. Machine learning has emerged as a viable solution in many stages of this process. After introducing the main flash reliability issues, Chapter 7 shows both supervised and un-supervised machine learning techniques that can be applied to NAND. In addition, Chapter 7 deals with algorithms and techniques for a pro-active reliability management of SSDs. Last but not least, the last section of Chapter 7 discusses the next challenge for machine learning in the context of the so-called computational storage. No doubt that machine learning and non-volatile memories can help each other, but we are just at the beginning of the journey; this book helps researchers understand the basics of each field by providing real application examples, hopefully, providing a good starting point for the next level of development.
Mechanical Engineers Handbook Volume 2
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Author : Myer Kutz
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-02-06
Mechanical Engineers Handbook Volume 2 written by Myer Kutz and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Full coverage of electronics, MEMS, and instrumentation and control in mechanical engineering This second volume of Mechanical Engineers' Handbook covers electronics, MEMS, and instrumentation and control, giving you accessible and in-depth access to the topics you'll encounter in the discipline: computer-aided design, product design for manufacturing and assembly, design optimization, total quality management in mechanical system design, reliability in the mechanical design process for sustainability, life-cycle design, design for remanufacturing processes, signal processing, data acquisition and display systems, and much more. The book provides a quick guide to specialized areas you may encounter in your work, giving you access to the basics of each and pointing you toward trusted resources for further reading, if needed. The accessible information inside offers discussions, examples, and analyses of the topics covered, rather than the straight data, formulas, and calculations you'll find in other handbooks. Presents the most comprehensive coverage of the entire discipline of Mechanical Engineering anywhere in four interrelated books Offers the option of being purchased as a four-book set or as single books Comes in a subscription format through the Wiley Online Library and in electronic and custom formats Engineers at all levels will find Mechanical Engineers' Handbook, Volume 2 an excellent resource they can turn to for the basics of electronics, MEMS, and instrumentation and control.
Decoding Large Language Models
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Author : Irena Cronin
language : en
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
Release Date : 2024-10-31
Decoding Large Language Models written by Irena Cronin and has been published by Packt Publishing Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-31 with Computers categories.
Explore the architecture, development, and deployment strategies of large language models to unlock their full potential Key Features Gain in-depth insight into LLMs, from architecture through to deployment Learn through practical insights into real-world case studies and optimization techniques Get a detailed overview of the AI landscape to tackle a wide variety of AI and NLP challenges Purchase of the print or Kindle book includes a free PDF eBook Book DescriptionEver wondered how large language models (LLMs) work and how they're shaping the future of artificial intelligence? Written by a renowned author and AI, AR, and data expert, Decoding Large Language Models is a combination of deep technical insights and practical use cases that not only demystifies complex AI concepts, but also guides you through the implementation and optimization of LLMs for real-world applications. You’ll learn about the structure of LLMs, how they're developed, and how to utilize them in various ways. The chapters will help you explore strategies for improving these models and testing them to ensure effective deployment. Packed with real-life examples, this book covers ethical considerations, offering a balanced perspective on their societal impact. You’ll be able to leverage and fine-tune LLMs for optimal performance with the help of detailed explanations. You’ll also master techniques for training, deploying, and scaling models to be able to overcome complex data challenges with confidence and precision. This book will prepare you for future challenges in the ever-evolving fields of AI and NLP. By the end of this book, you’ll have gained a solid understanding of the architecture, development, applications, and ethical use of LLMs and be up to date with emerging trends, such as GPT-5.What you will learn Explore the architecture and components of contemporary LLMs Examine how LLMs reach decisions and navigate their decision-making process Implement and oversee LLMs effectively within your organization Master dataset preparation and the training process for LLMs Hone your skills in fine-tuning LLMs for targeted NLP tasks Formulate strategies for the thorough testing and evaluation of LLMs Discover the challenges associated with deploying LLMs in production environments Develop effective strategies for integrating LLMs into existing systems Who this book is for If you’re a technical leader working in NLP, an AI researcher, or a software developer interested in building AI-powered applications, this book is for you. To get the most out of this book, you should have a foundational understanding of machine learning principles; proficiency in a programming language such as Python; knowledge of algebra and statistics; and familiarity with natural language processing basics.