Spectroscopy Of Defects In Organic Crystals
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Spectroscopy Of Defects In Organic Crystals
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Author : N.I. Ostapenko
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Spectroscopy Of Defects In Organic Crystals written by N.I. Ostapenko and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Spectroscopy of Defects in Organic Crystals presents a masterly summary of the widespread and voluminous literature on the subject, presenting theoretical and experimental investigations of electron and vibronic optical spectra of organic crystals. Electronic states of defects combine to form crystal near-to-band and band levels. These are discrete states in the vicinity of exciton bands, surface and dislocational excitons, etc. Some studies have expressed dissimilar or even conflicting opinions about the nature of observed phenomena. In the choice of the material, preference has been given to phenomena which have received a theoretical interpretation. Some attention is paid to observations which are not completely understood and also to effects predicted but not yet confirmed. The monograph will be useful for scientists as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students of solid state physics.
Organic Crystals I Characterization
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Author : Norbert Karl
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Organic Crystals I Characterization written by Norbert Karl and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Lattice defects of organic molecular crystals affect their optical or electrical properties by changing the local energy structure. Lattice defects also playa very important role in the chemical and physical properties, for example, as an active site of a catalyst or an initiating point of a solid state reaction. However, very little has been reported on the defect structure of real organic crystals. In the past ten years it became clear that the origin and the structure of the defects depend on the geometrical and chemical nature of the building units of the crystal, the molecules. Molecular size, form and anisotropy, charge distribution, etc. cause the characteristic structure of the defect. Accordingly, a defect structure found in one compound may not be found in others. The defect structure of an organic crystal cannot be defined solely by the displacement of the molecular center from the normal lattice site. A rotational displacement of a molecule is frequently accompanied by a parallel shift of the molecular center. In addition to the usual geometrical crystallographic defects, chemical defects are important too which originate, for example, from differences in the substitution sites of molecules carrying side groups. In order to reveal such defect structures, direct imaging of molecules by high resolution electron microscopy is the only direct method.
Point Defects In Solids
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Author : James H. Crawford
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Point Defects In Solids written by James H. Crawford and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Science categories.
Crystal defects can no longer be thought of as a scientific curiosity, but must be considered an important aspect of solid-state science. This is largely because many of the more interesting properties of crystalline solids are disproportionately dominated by effects due to a tiny concentration of imperfections in an otherwise perfect lattice. The physics of such lattice defects is not only of significance in a great variety of applications, but is also interesting in its own right. Thus, an extensive science of point defects and dislocations has been constructed during the past two and a half decades. Stimulated by the technological and scientific interest in plasticity, there have appeared in recent years rather a large number of books dealing with dislocations; in the case of point defects, however, only very few broad and extensive treatments have been published. Thus, there are few compre hensive, tutorial sources for the scientist or engineer whose research ac tivities are affected by point defect phenomena, or who might wish to enter the field. It is partially to fill this need that the present treatise aims.
Infra Red Studies Of Crystal Defects
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Author : R. C. Newman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973
Infra Red Studies Of Crystal Defects written by R. C. Newman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with Crystals categories.
Primarily for research workers, but could also be used as a postgraduate text.
Research On Crystal Growth And Defect Characterization At The National Bureau Of Standards During The Period July To December 1962
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Author : United States. National Bureau of Standards
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1963
Research On Crystal Growth And Defect Characterization At The National Bureau Of Standards During The Period July To December 1962 written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1963 with Crystal growth categories.
Defect Crystal Chemistry And Its Applications
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Author : R. J. D. Tilley
language : en
Publisher: Blackie Academic and Professional
Release Date : 1987
Defect Crystal Chemistry And Its Applications written by R. J. D. Tilley and has been published by Blackie Academic and Professional this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Science categories.
Organic Molecular Crystals
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Author : Edgar A. Silinsh
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Organic Molecular Crystals written by Edgar A. Silinsh and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
This book is based on the results of many years of experimental work by the author and his colleagues, dealing with the electronic properties of organic crystals. E. Silinsh has played a leading role in pOinting out the importance of the polarization energy by an excess carrier, in determining not only the character of the carrier mobility in organic crystals, but in determining the band gap and the nature of the all-important trapping site in these crystals. The one-electron model of electronic conductivity that has been so successful in dealing with inorganic semiconductors is singular ly unsuccessful in rationalizing the unusual physical properties of organic crystals. A many-body theory is required, and the experimental manifestation of this is the central role played by the crystal polarization enerqies in transferring the results obtained with the isolated molecule, to the solid. The careful studies of E. Silinsh in this field have shown tn detail how this polarization energy develops around the excess carrier (and also the hole-electron pair) sitting on a molecular site in the crystal. As with all insulators, trapping sites playa dominant role in reducing the magnitude of ~he current that can theoretically pass through the organic crystal. It is usually the case that these trapping sites are energetically distributed within the forbidden band of the crystal. For many years, an exponential distribution has shown itself to be useful and reasonably correct: However,' E.
Organic Crystals Germanates Semiconductors
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Author : Norbert Karl
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Organic Crystals Germanates Semiconductors written by Norbert Karl and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
1.1 Preface Organic chemistry had its origin in chemicals which are synthesized by living cells. These chemicals consist of molecules whose skeletons are built up of carbon atoms. The remaining valences are connected with ligands such as hydrogen, halo gens, -OH,==O, -NH . Some of the skeletal carbon atoms can be replaced by non 2 metals such as oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur {"heteroatoms"}. It is characteristic for the living world, not to be in a crystalline state. However it is possible to obtain single crystals from many organic compounds both of natural and synthetic origin. For a number of years the physics and chem istry of these crystals have stimulated fundamental research on a rapidly growing scale. The great variety of possible organic structures {as compared to inorganics} opens up a large field of new materials and of novel material properties; for previous literature reviews and data compilations see 1-40) and Chap. 6. The art of producing good and pure organic single crystals has developed hand in-hand with the ever growing requirements of basic research, arising from its interest in fundamental interactions in the solid state. Interactions manifest themselves in a very detailed way by energy transfer.
Point Defects In Crystals
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Author : Roderick K. Watts
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 1977
Point Defects In Crystals written by Roderick K. Watts and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Science categories.
Electronic Processes In Organic Crystals And Polymers
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Author : Martin Pope
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Electronic Processes In Organic Crystals And Polymers written by Martin Pope and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Science categories.
The first edition of Pope and Swenberg's Electronic Processes of Organic Crystals, published in 1982, became the classic reference in the field. It provided a tutorial on the experimental and related theoretical properties of aromatic hydrocarbon crystals and included emerging work on polymers and superconductivity. This new edition contains the complete text of the first edition, plus an extensive new section, comprising nearly half of the book, which covers recent developments and applications with polymers. The book provides a unified description of what is known in almost every aspect of the field, from basic phenomena to the latest practical applications, which include LED's, photocopiers, photoconductors, batteries, transistors, liquid crystals, photorefractive devices, and sensors.