Statistical Models For The Fracture Of Disordered Media
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Statistical Models For The Fracture Of Disordered Media
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Author : Hans J. Herrmann
language : en
Publisher: North Holland
Release Date : 1990
Statistical Models For The Fracture Of Disordered Media written by Hans J. Herrmann and has been published by North Holland this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Science categories.
Since the beginning of the century the technological desire to master the fracture of metals, concrete or polymers has boosted research and has left behind an overwhelming amount of literature. In a field where it seems difficult to say anything simple and new, the editors and authors of this book have managed to do just that. The approach to fracture taken here was not conceived by mechanical engineers or material scientists. It is essentially the by-product of exciting developments that have occurred in the last ten to fifteen years within a branch of theoretical physics, called statistical physics. Concepts such as ``percolation'' and ``fractals'', as models for the properties of fracture are not often considered by engineers. A particular aim of this volume is to emphasize the fundamental role disorder plays in the breaking process. The main scope of the volume is pedagogical and is at the same time an overview of fracture mechanics for physicists and an introduction to new concepts of statistical physics for mechanics and engineers. To this end the first half of the book consists of introductory chapters and the second half contains the results that have emerged from this new approach.
Fractal Growth Phenomena
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Author : Tam s Vicsek
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 1992
Fractal Growth Phenomena written by Tam s Vicsek and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Mathematics categories.
The investigation of phenomena involving fractals has gone through a spectacular development in the last decade. Many physical, technological and biological processes have been shown to be related to and described by objects with non-integer dimensions. The physics of far-from-equilibrium growth phenomena represents one of the most important fields in which fractal geometry is widely applied. During the last couple of years considerable experimental, numerical and theoretical information has accumulated concerning such processes. This book, written by a well-known expert in the field, summarizes the basic concepts born in the studies of fractal growth and also presents some of the most important new results for more specialized readers. It also contains 15 beautiful color plates demonstrating the richness of the geometry of fractal patterns. Accordingly, it may serve as a textbook on the geometrical aspects of fractal growth and it treats this area in sufficient depth to make it useful as a reference book. No specific mathematical knowledge is required for reading this book which is intended to give a balanced account of the field.
Modelling Critical And Catastrophic Phenomena In Geoscience
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Author : Pratip Bhattacharyya
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-09-07
Modelling Critical And Catastrophic Phenomena In Geoscience written by Pratip Bhattacharyya and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-09-07 with Science categories.
This book presents a broad survey of models for critical and catastrophic phenomena in the geosciences, with strong emphasis on earthquakes. It assumes the perspective of statistical physics, which provides the theoretical frame for dealing with complex systems in general. This volume addresses graduate students wishing to specialize in the field and researchers working or interested in the field having a background in the physics, geosciences or applied mathematics.
Handbook Of Materials Modeling
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Author : Sidney Yip
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-11-17
Handbook Of Materials Modeling written by Sidney Yip and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-11-17 with Science categories.
The first reference of its kind in the rapidly emerging field of computational approachs to materials research, this is a compendium of perspective-providing and topical articles written to inform students and non-specialists of the current status and capabilities of modelling and simulation. From the standpoint of methodology, the development follows a multiscale approach with emphasis on electronic-structure, atomistic, and mesoscale methods, as well as mathematical analysis and rate processes. Basic models are treated across traditional disciplines, not only in the discussion of methods but also in chapters on crystal defects, microstructure, fluids, polymers and soft matter. Written by authors who are actively participating in the current development, this collection of 150 articles has the breadth and depth to be a major contributor toward defining the field of computational materials. In addition, there are 40 commentaries by highly respected researchers, presenting various views that should interest the future generations of the community. Subject Editors: Martin Bazant, MIT; Bruce Boghosian, Tufts University; Richard Catlow, Royal Institution; Long-Qing Chen, Pennsylvania State University; William Curtin, Brown University; Tomas Diaz de la Rubia, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Nicolas Hadjiconstantinou, MIT; Mark F. Horstemeyer, Mississippi State University; Efthimios Kaxiras, Harvard University; L. Mahadevan, Harvard University; Dimitrios Maroudas, University of Massachusetts; Nicola Marzari, MIT; Horia Metiu, University of California Santa Barbara; Gregory C. Rutledge, MIT; David J. Srolovitz, Princeton University; Bernhardt L. Trout, MIT; Dieter Wolf, Argonne National Laboratory.
The Fiber Bundle
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Author : Ferenc Kun
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-01-10
The Fiber Bundle written by Ferenc Kun and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-10 with Science categories.
Probabilities And Materials
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Author : D. Breysse
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Probabilities And Materials written by D. Breysse and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Most industrial and natural materials exhibit a macroscopic behaviour which results from the existence of microscale inhomogeneities. The influence of such inhomogeneities is commonly modelled using probabilistic methods. Most of the approaches to the evaluation of the safety of structures according to probabilistic criteria are somewhat scattered, however, and it is time to present such material in a coherent and up-to-date form. Probabilities and Materials undertakes this task, and also defines the great tasks that must be tackled in coming years. For engineers and researchers dealing with materials, geotechnics, solid mechanics, soil mechanics, statistics and stochastic processes. The expository nature of the book means that no prior knowledge of statistics or probability is required of the reader. The book can thus serve as an excellent introduction to the nature of applied statistics and stochastic modelling.
Fractals In Rock Mechanics
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Author : Heping Xie
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2020-12-17
Fractals In Rock Mechanics written by Heping Xie and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-17 with Nature categories.
Important developments in the progress of the theory of rock mechanics during recent years are based on fractals and damage mechanics. The concept of fractals has proved to be a useful way of describing the statistics of naturally occurring geometrics. Natural objects, from mountains and coastlines to clouds and forests, are found to have boundaries best described as fractals. Fluid flow through jointed rock masses and clusterings of earthquakes are found to follow fractal patterns in time and space. Fracturing in rocks at all scales, from the microscale (microcracks) to the continental scale (megafaults), can lead to fractal structures. The process of diagenesis and pore geometry of sedimentary rock can be quantitatively described by fractals, etc. The book is mainly concerned with these developments, as related to fractal descriptions of fragmentations, damage and fracture of rocks, rock burst, joint roughness, rock porosity and permeability, rock grain growth, rock and soil particles, shear slips, fluid flow through jointed rocks, faults, earthquake clustering, and so on. The prime concerns of the book are to give a simple account of the basic concepts, methods of fractal geometry, and their applications to rock mechanics, geology, and seismology, and also to discuss damage mechanics of rocks and its application to mining engineering. The book can be used as a textbook for graduate students, by university teachers to prepare courses and seminars, and by active scientists who want to become familiar with a fascinating new field.
Continuous And Discontinuous Modelling Of Cohesive Frictional Materials
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Author : P.A. Vermeer
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2008-01-11
Continuous And Discontinuous Modelling Of Cohesive Frictional Materials written by P.A. Vermeer and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-11 with Science categories.
A knowledge of the mechanical behaviour of both naturally occurring materials, such as soils and rocks, and artificial materials such as concrete and industrial granular matter, is of fundamental importance to their proper use in engineering and scientific applications. This volume contains selected lectures by international experts on current developments and problems in the numerical modelling of cohesive-frictional materials which provide a deeper understanding of the microscopic and macroscopic description of such materials. This book fills a gap by emphasizing the cross-fertilization of ideas between engineers and scientists engaged in this exciting field of research.
Complexity And Criticality
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Author : Kim Christensen
language : en
Publisher: Imperial College Press
Release Date : 2005
Complexity And Criticality written by Kim Christensen and has been published by Imperial College Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Science categories.
This book provides a challenging and stimulating introduction to the contemporary topics of complexity and criticality, and explores their common basis of scale invariance, a central unifying theme of the book.Criticality refers to the behaviour of extended systems at a phase transition where scale invariance prevails. The many constituent microscopic parts bring about macroscopic phenomena that cannot be understood by considering a single part alone. The phenomenology of phase transitions is introduced by considering percolation, a simple model with a purely geometrical phase transition, thus enabling the reader to become intuitively familiar with concepts such as scale invariance and renormalisation. The Ising model is then introduced, which captures a thermodynamic phase transition from a disordered to an ordered system as the temperature is lowered in zero external field. By emphasising analogies between percolation and the Ising model, the reader's intuition of phase transitions is developed so that the underlying theoretical formalism may be appreciated fully. These equilibrium systems undergo a phase transition only if an external agent finely tunes certain external parameters to particular values.Besides fractals and phase transitions, there are many examples in Nature of the emergence of such complex behaviour in slowly driven non-equilibrium systems: earthquakes in seismic systems, avalanches in granular media and rainfall in the atmosphere. A class of non-equilibrium systems, not constrained by having to tune external parameters to obtain critical behaviour, is addressed in the framework of simple models, revealing that the repeated application of simple rules may spontaneously give rise to emergent complex behaviour not encoded in the rules themselves. The common basis of complexity and criticality is identified and applied to a range of non-equilibrium systems. Finally, the reader is invited to speculate whether self-organisation in non-equilibrium systems might be a unifying concept for disparate fields such as statistical mechanics, geophysics and atmospheric physics.Visit http: //www.complexityandcriticality.com for animations for the models in the book (available for Windows and Linux), solutions to exercises, as well as a list with corrections.
Interfaces In Cementitious Composites
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Author : J.C. Maso
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2004-03-01
Interfaces In Cementitious Composites written by J.C. Maso and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-03-01 with Architecture categories.
This book presents a series of high level contributions from leading research groups around the world in the field of cement and concrete science. It deals with the rapidly advancing subject of the interfaces between the components of cementitious materials: cements, aggregates, fibres, reinforcement. It will be valuable for all those involved with research and development into cement and concrete materials.