Structural Transformation In Sub Saharan Africa
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Structural Transformation In Sub Saharan Africa
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Author : Gildas Deudibe
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Structural Transformation In Sub Saharan Africa written by Gildas Deudibe and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Economic development is typically accompanied by the movement of labor from agriculture to the non-agricultural sector, a pattern commonly referred to as structural transformation. This note aims to better understand the ongoing structural transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa. It finds that: (i) the structural transformation is occurring more slowly, and is much less variable across countries, than prevailing estimates suggest; (ii) there is a weak relationship between initial agricultural employment shares and the pace of transformation, suggesting little convergence across regions; and (iii) movement out of agricultural employment is clearly but only modestly correlated with poverty reduction.
Structural Transformation In Employment And Productivity
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Author : Ms.Louise Fox
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2017-04-07
Structural Transformation In Employment And Productivity written by Ms.Louise Fox and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-07 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper provides the most complete analysis of the structural transformation among low- and low-middle-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa to date.
Structural Transformation And Its Relevance For Economic Growth In Sub Saharan Africa
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Author : Matthias Busse
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Structural Transformation And Its Relevance For Economic Growth In Sub Saharan Africa written by Matthias Busse and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
In this paper, we analyze the role of structural transformation in view of the remarkable growth performance of Sub-Saharan African countries since the late 1990s. Our analysis covers 41 African countries over the period 1980 to 2014 and accounts for structural transformation by employing the analytical frameworks of (1) growth decomposition and (2) growth regression. Even though the low-productive agricultural sector continues to employ most of the African workforce, our results reveal that structural transformation has taken place and that it has contributed significantly to African growth in the period 1980-2014.
Diverse Development Paths And Structural Transformation In The Escape From Poverty
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Author : Martin Andersson
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016-04-21
Diverse Development Paths And Structural Transformation In The Escape From Poverty written by Martin Andersson and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-21 with Business & Economics categories.
This volume analyzes the experiences of developing countries in Asia, Latin America, and Sub-Saharan Africa, and examines how they might catch up. Based on growth performance across the developing world over the last five decades, it offers a thorough account of the possibilities to engage in such processes in an increasingly globalized world. Together, the chapters highlight the diversity and variation of development pathways and provide valuable lessons and implications for how to approach this difficult question. The book shows the importance of acknowledging that the process of development is dynamic and that the possibilities for catch up are situation dependent. At the same time it makes clear that without structural change, and in particular agricultural transformation, sustained catch up is unlikely to happen. The volume demonstrates how analysis of current growth processes in developing countries can be enriched by paying closer attention to the multifaceted nature of both economic backwardness and successful pathways to escape it.
Institutions Economic Freedom And Structural Transformation In 11 Sub Saharan African Countries
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Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2018-10-08
Institutions Economic Freedom And Structural Transformation In 11 Sub Saharan African Countries written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-08 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper explores the relationship between institutions and structural transformation in sub-Saharan Africa, noting that better institutions lead to greater economic freedom and exchange across borders.
Governance For Structural Transformation In Africa
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Author : Adam B. Elhiraika
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-02-13
Governance For Structural Transformation In Africa written by Adam B. Elhiraika and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-13 with Business & Economics categories.
This book explores how better governance can help Africa to achieve structural transformation (understood to be the reallocation of factors of production across and within sectors to better support inclusive development), which history has shown to be key to sustained, inclusive growth. The book begins with a review of the existing literature on the links between governance and structural transformation and the success or otherwise of various sub regions in achieving structural transformation. It continues with a range of contributors addressing original empirical research on the relationships between different approaches to institutions and trade and industrial policies and structural transformation in Africa. The book makes recommendations for a new approach to governance in Africa that can deliver the structural transformation that the continent needs for Africans to enjoy shared prosperity, poverty reduction and development.
Structural Transformation In Sub Saharan Africa
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Author : Ellen B. McCullough
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Structural Transformation In Sub Saharan Africa written by Ellen B. McCullough and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
In the first analytical chapter of this dissertation, I draw on a new set of nationally representative, internationally comparable household surveys, in order to provide an overview of key features of structural transformation -- labor allocation and labor productivity -- in four African economies. New, micro-based measures of sector labor allocation and cross-sector productivity differentials describe the incentives households face when allocating their labor. These measures are similar to national accounts-based measures that are typically used to characterize structural change. However, because agricultural workers supply far fewer hours of labor per year than do workers in other sectors in all of the countries analyzed, productivity gaps shrink by half, on average, when expressed on a per-hour basis. Underlying the productivity gaps that are prominently reflected in national accounts data are large employment gaps, which call into question the productivity gains that laborers can achieve through structural transformation. Furthermore, agriculture's continued relevance to structural change in Sub-Saharan Africa is highlighted by the strong linkages observed between rural non-farm activities and primary agricultural production. The process of economic development is characterized by rising output per agricultural worker and the exit of labor from agriculture to other sectors, which together result in rising incomes and falling incidence of poverty. In my second analytical chapter, I explore the relationship between labor productivity and the occupational choice that underlies the structural transformation process. I model households' decisions to participate in different activities -- farming, wage employment, and self employment -- through operation of a household non-farm enterprise. I estimate a structural, polytomous model of occupational choice using nationally representative household survey datasets from Tanzania, matched geospatially to several other relevant datasets. Then, I simulate the response of occupational choice to stylized productivity shocks to farming, wage employment, and self employment. I find that participation in farming is not responsive to productivity shocks of any sort. This is most likely because farming participation rates are already quite high. Wage and self employment participation do respond to wage and self employment productivity shocks, respectively. These results highlight the importance of investing in improved smallholder farmer productivity, especially along the intensive margins of farming participation and especially in places with low population density and poor market access, where farming productivity gains are the only ones to impact households. Investing in productivity-enhancing inputs is complicated by variability in rainfall, temperature, infrastructure, soils, and market access, which condition the economic returns to input use over space and time. Newly available, spatially explicit data in Sub-Saharan Africa allow decision makers to better understand how agricultural production and prices change with this variation in climate and growing conditions. In my third analytical paper, I, along with coauthors, develop an innovative, ex ante, spatially explicit profitability assessment to...
Structural Transformation From A Microeconomic View
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Author : Mayuko Kondo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Structural Transformation From A Microeconomic View written by Mayuko Kondo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Electronic dissertations categories.
Structural transformation and corresponding labor productivity growth are fundamentals of economic development. This dissertation, titled Structural Transformation from A Microeconomic View, explores the path of the structural transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In the last 20 years in SSA, structural transformation was not always accompanied by overall labor productivity growth. The first essay of this dissertation, titled Education, Profitability, and Household Labor Allocation in Rural Uganda, explores the microeconomic factors that explain non-growing-productivity structural change with a focus on the role of education. I jointly estimate household hourly profit (wage) and labor supply functions. The estimation result is supportive of the hypothesis that the level of education, profitability of an activity, and time allocation to that activity can be not positively correlated while education positively increases total household profit from the activity. To trigger structural transformation, the governments of SSA and donors have allocated a vast amount of resources into agricultural programs for over 20 years. Aggregate agriculture productivity, however, has shown little growth in the last 20 years. Yet the share of employment in agriculture has constantly decreased since 2000. Whether agriculture productivity growth advances the labor shift from the agriculture sector to the non-agriculture sector is still an open question and of great interest for efficient investment in agriculture development and the economic growth of the countries. The second essay, titled Land and Labor Bias of Farm Technology and the Household's Labor Allocation Decisions, explores the effect of land- and labor-augmenting farm technologies on the household's labor decisions. I provide a theoretical model to describe the household responses to land- and labor-augmenting farm technical change. I classify agricultural households into six regimes based on the participation in on- and off-farm labor markets and the constraint of off-farm work opportunities. I derive propositions to examine the behaviors of the households in each regime. In the empirical part of the study, I apply the model to microeconomic data from Tanzania to test the propositions. The estimation results show that for Tanzanian maize farmers, the adoption of land-augmenting technology, that is organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, or irrigation, increases on-farm labor and decreases off-farm labor while the adoption of labor-augmenting technology, including sprayers, pesticides, herbicides, animal traction, or tractors, decreases on-farm labor and increases off-farm labor when the elasticity of substitution between labor and land is sufficiently large. Taken together, these essays shed light on important policy implications for the acceleration of structural transformation in SSA. The estimation result from the first essay suggests that the expansion of the industry in which higher levels of education increase profitability of work would pull laborers from farming into nonfarm activities. Relaxing the labor market constraints of individuals, especially from relatively less educated households, would shift hours of labor allocation from less profitable activities towards more profitable activities. Also, raising household incomes or standard of living would increase the preference of individuals for leisure relative to income, and increase the optimal marginal productivity of labor, and consequently the profitability of labor. The second essay provides evidence that depending on the conditions of a country such as the level of elasticity of substitution between land and labor and the constraints around off-farm work opportunities, labor-augmenting agricultural technologies have a good potential for speeding up the structural transformation.
Structural Transformation And Rural Change Revisited
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Author : Bruno Losch
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2012-06-18
Structural Transformation And Rural Change Revisited written by Bruno Losch and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-18 with Business & Economics categories.
"This final report was prepared by Bruno Losch, Sandrine Fraeguin-Gresh and Eric White (World Bank), with contributions of Thierry Giordano and Jean-Franocois Baeliaeres (Cirad). It was peer-reviewed by Derek Byerlee, Don Larson (World Bank), and Andrae Pouilles-Duplaix (AFD). The report draws extensively on two sets of seven country reports and data work developed by the national teams during the two phases of the RuralStruc Program."
Structural Transformation Openness And Productivity Growth In Sub Saharan Africa
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Author : Suale Karimu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Structural Transformation Openness And Productivity Growth In Sub Saharan Africa written by Suale Karimu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
This paper examines the connections of structural change and economic openness to labour productivity growth using a panel data set of 41 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for the period 1991-2015. A dynamic panel model of cross-country productivity growth is estimated using the least squares with dummy variables approach. The results suggest that growth of labour productivity is negatively related to initial levels of labour productivity. Labour productivity growth is also positively related to the shares of labour in industry and services. However, the share of labour in agriculture has no statistically significant relationship with labour productivity growth. Economic openness also appears to have a weak relationship with labour productivity growth.
