Synaptic Function
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Synaptic Transmission
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Author : Stephen D. Meriney
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2019-06-12
Synaptic Transmission written by Stephen D. Meriney and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-12 with Medical categories.
Synaptic Transmission is a comprehensive guide to the topic of neurotransmission that provides an in-depth discussion on many aspects of synapse structure and function—a fundamental part of the neuroscience discipline. Chapters include boxes that describe renowned/award-winning researchers and their contributions to the field of synaptic transmission, diseases relevant to the material presented, details of experimental approaches used to study synaptic transmission, and interesting asides that expand on topics covered. This book will inspire students to appreciate how the basic cellular and molecular biology of the synapse can lead to a better understanding of nervous system function and neurological disorders. - Provides a comprehensive reference on synaptic structure, physiology, function and neurotransmission - Discusses many landmark experiments in the field of synaptic transmission to emphasize core principles - Includes references to primary scientific literature, relevant review articles and books, many of which could be assigned as discussion material for courses focused on this topic
Brain Lipids In Synaptic Function And Neurological Disease
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Author : Jacques Fantini
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2015-05-12
Brain Lipids In Synaptic Function And Neurological Disease written by Jacques Fantini and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-12 with Medical categories.
Lipids are the most abundant organic compounds found in the brain, accounting for up to 50% of its dry weight. The brain lipidome includes several thousands of distinct biochemical structures whose expression may greatly vary according to age, gender, brain region, cell type, as well as subcellular localization. In synaptic membranes, brain lipids specifically interact with neurotransmitter receptors and control their activity. Moreover, brain lipids play a key role in the generation and neurotoxicity of amyloidogenic proteins involved in the pathophysiology of neurological diseases. The aim of this book is to provide for the first time a comprehensive overview of brain lipid structures, and to explain the roles of these lipids in synaptic function, and in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Creutzfeldt-Jakob's and Parkinson's. To conclude the book, the authors present new ideas that can drive innovative therapeutic strategies based on the knowledge of the role of lipids in brain disorders. - Written to provide a "hands-on" approach for readers - Biochemical structures explained with molecular models, and molecular mechanisms explained with simple drawings - Step-by-step guide to memorize and draw lipid structures - Each chapter features a content summary, up-to-date references for additional study, and a key experiment with an explanation of the technique
Molecular Mechanisms Of Glutamatergic Synapse Function And Dysfunction
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Author : Dhrubajyoti Chowdhury
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-12-22
Molecular Mechanisms Of Glutamatergic Synapse Function And Dysfunction written by Dhrubajyoti Chowdhury and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-22 with Science categories.
Alterations To Synaptic Function And Connectivity In Area Ca3 Of The Hippocampus In Mouse Models Of Mental Retardation
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Author : Ricardo Andres Valenzuela
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University
Release Date : 2011
Alterations To Synaptic Function And Connectivity In Area Ca3 Of The Hippocampus In Mouse Models Of Mental Retardation written by Ricardo Andres Valenzuela and has been published by Stanford University this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Down Syndrome and Fragile X Syndrome are disorders of mental retardation that are characterized by cognitive impairments and changes to other physical characteristics. A goal in the study of these diseases has been to understand the mechanisms that underlie the cognitive impairments present in these two disorders of mental retardation. A great deal of effort has been made to study synaptic function and structure in these disorders of mental retardation in order to determine whether there are any alterations present. Alterations to synaptic structure and function present during these disorders may give insight to the neural basis of the cognitive impairments that are characteristic of this disorder of mental retardation. An area of the brain that may be affected by these disorders is the hippocampus. This area of the brain has been extensively studied for its role in memory and alterations to synaptic function and structure may underlie some of the memory deficits present in these disorders of mental retardation. Both Down Syndrome patients and Fragile X Syndrome patients have deficits in their performance on memory tests. Down Syndrome patients also have a reduction in the number of neurons present in the hippocampus (Carlesimo et al., 1997). Fragile X Syndrome patients had structural abnormalities in the hippocampus including an enlargement of ventricular spaces (Jakala et al., 1997). Synaptic function and structure in the hippocampus of mouse models of Down Syndrome and Fragile X Syndrome were studied in order to determine this region of the brain was affected. Electrophysiology recordings in area CA3 of the hippocampus of the Ts65Dn Down Syndrome mouse model indicated there were disruptions to synaptic connectivity, decreases in excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission, and also a reduction in intrinsic interneuron activity. Imaging studies of CA3 in the Ts65Dn mouse did not show alterations to the number of synapses or structure of synapses suggesting that the alterations found with electrophysiology recordings are the result of functional changes to synapses. Electrophysiology study of the hippocampus in mouse models of Fragile X Syndrome has shown that inhibitory function was generally intact but that excitatory axons from neurons that lacked the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) were less competitive at forming synapses in a mosaic expression system of the Fmr1 gene the lack of which causes the disease. These studies indicate that alterations to synaptic structure and function are present in the hippocampus of these mouse models of mental retardation. The differences however, were not the same in Down Syndrome and Fragile X Syndrome mouse models. Nonetheless, it is possible that the changes to synaptic function found in both of these mouse models leads to altered network function in the hippocampus which may, in turn, be the underlying cause of the memory deficits present in these disorders of mental retardation. The data presented in these studies indicate that the study of these mouse models of mental retardation can give insight to alterations caused by these disorders of mental retardation which may also lead to the development of new treatments.
Biology Of Brain Disorders Cellular Substrates For Disrupted Synaptic Function And Experience Dependent Plasticity
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Author : Daniela Tropea
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-09-26
Biology Of Brain Disorders Cellular Substrates For Disrupted Synaptic Function And Experience Dependent Plasticity written by Daniela Tropea and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-26 with Science categories.
The Molecular Mechanism Behind Synaptic Transmission
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Author : Jiajie Diao
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-05-05
The Molecular Mechanism Behind Synaptic Transmission written by Jiajie Diao and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-05 with categories.
Dynamics And Modulation Of Synaptic Transmission In The Mammalian Cns
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Author : Maria Elisa Calcagnotto
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-06-21
Dynamics And Modulation Of Synaptic Transmission In The Mammalian Cns written by Maria Elisa Calcagnotto and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-21 with categories.
Protein Dynamics And Membrane Traffic In Synaptic Transmission And Synaptic Plasticity
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Author : Cong Ma
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-02-14
Protein Dynamics And Membrane Traffic In Synaptic Transmission And Synaptic Plasticity written by Cong Ma and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-14 with Science categories.
Stress And Steroid Regulation Of Synaptic Transmission From Physiology To Pathophysiology
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Author : Menahem Segal
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date :
Stress And Steroid Regulation Of Synaptic Transmission From Physiology To Pathophysiology written by Menahem Segal and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Recently, several pioneering discoveries have identified new roles of stress and steroid hormones in modulating CNS functions. Specifically, glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, sex hormones and neurosteroids have been shown to affect synaptic receptors and ion channels and therefore regulate in a complex manner physiological processes ranging from homeostatic to cognitive functions. Likewise, in some disorders of the nervous system, steroid hormones have been shown to play different roles: either favoring or combating the disease process. In this Frontier Research Topic, we have put together leaders in the field to provide novel opinions on the effects of steroid hormones on synaptic transmission and plasticity from ion channels to pathophysiological processes. We expect critical reviews of the work that has been conducted recently in this area and enrich these discussions with the novel, exciting new findings.
Neural Immune Interactions In Brain Function And Alcohol Related Disorders
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Author : Changhai Cui
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-11-14
Neural Immune Interactions In Brain Function And Alcohol Related Disorders written by Changhai Cui and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-14 with Medical categories.
Recent studies have provided clear evidence on the role of neural-immune interactions in normal brain function and neuropathological conditions. Neuroimmune factors, which play an essential role in neuroinflammatory response, have been implicated in the regulation of neuronal function and plasticity. Thus, neural-immune interactions provide a new frame work for understanding the role of the neuroimmune system in normal brain function, neurodevelopment, and a variety of neurological disorders. These advances have a far reaching impact on many areas of neuroscience, including alcohol research. Studies using human alcoholic brains, gene knockout mice, and gene expression profiling have established a clear link between alcoholism and an altered neuroimmune profile. This book integrates emerging knowledge on neural-immune interactions with key discoveries in alcohol research and provides a comprehensive overview of neural-immune interactions in brain function and behavior associated with alcohol use disorders. While Neural–Immune Interaction in Brain Function and Alcohol Related Disorders focuses on neural-immune interactions in areas directly related to alcohol use disorders, it is not intended to be all inclusive. Several areas, including sleep disorders, pain, and cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathways, are not covered as independent chapters but briefly mentioned in the text. The close relevance of these topics to neural-immune interactions and alcohol use disorders warrants future discussion and more research efforts.