The American Penal System
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The American Penal System
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Author : Helen Clarke Molanphy
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2022-05-05
The American Penal System written by Helen Clarke Molanphy and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-05 with Social Science categories.
This thoughtful examination of incarceration in the United States from the 1980s to the current time offers for consideration a transparent and humane correctional model for the future. Author Helen Clarke Molanphy employs an interdisciplinary approach encompassing sociology, penology, memoir, philosophy, and history. Featuring the work of researchers as well as penal theorists of the Enlightenment era, literati who have written about crime and punishment, inmates, social justice activists, and journalists, the author incorporates first-hand interviews with participants in the landmark Ruiz v. Estelle lawsuit, which found incarceration in the Texas Department of Corrections to be cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment. Synthesizing lessons learned from years of studying the American prison system through contact with inmates, correctional authorities, legislators, and prisoner advocates, Molanphy offers a narrative of crime and punishment, degradation, and dehumanization, but with hope pointing to future correctional reforms. The book not only catalogs human rights abuses and the pain inflicted by corrupt penal systems, but also provides a roadmap for an enlightened society to conceive of ways to reduce mass incarceration and provide humane treatment of inmates. This reflective survey of the pervasive issues that afflict the prison industrial complex offers a compelling analysis of the past and possible future of the US penal system for students of criminal justice, corrections, penology, and the sociology of punishment.
Smart On Crime
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Author : Garrick L. Percival
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2015-07-28
Smart On Crime written by Garrick L. Percival and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-28 with Business & Economics categories.
The most punitive era in American history reached its apex in the 1990s, but the trend has reversed in recent years. Smart on Crime: The Struggle to Build a Better American Penal System examines the factors causing this dramatic turnaround. It relates and echoes the increasing need and desire on the part of actors in the American government system to construct a penal system that is more rational and humane. Author Garrick L. Percival points out that the prison boom did not naturally emerge as a governmental response to increasing crime rates. Instead, political forces actively built and shaped the growth of a more aggressive and populated penal system. He is optimistic that the shifting political forces surrounding crime and punishment can now reform the system, explaining how current political actors can craft more constructive and just policies and programs. The book shows how rationality and humanitarianism lead to a penal system that imprisons fewer people, does less harm to the lives of individual offenders and those close to them, and is less expensive to maintain. The book presents empirical data to concretely demonstrate what is working and what is not in today’s penal system. It closely examines policies and practices in Texas, Ohio, and California as comparative illustrations on what progress has been made or needs to be made in penal systems across the United States. The book includes a comprehensive discussion of highlighted issues, and relates more than two dozen interviews with pivotal political actors who clarify why there is a major shift underway in the American penal system. Their insights reveal paths that can be taken to improve the current penal system.
Incarceration Nations
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Author : Baz Dreisinger
language : en
Publisher: Other Press, LLC
Release Date : 2016-02-09
Incarceration Nations written by Baz Dreisinger and has been published by Other Press, LLC this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-09 with Social Science categories.
In this crucial study, named one of the Washington Post's Notable Nonfiction Books of 2016 and now in paperback, Baz Dreisinger goes behind bars in nine countries to investigate the current conditions in prisons worldwide. Beginning in Africa and ending in Europe, Incarceration Nations is a first-person odyssey through the prison systems of the world. Professor, journalist, and founder of the Prison-to-College-Pipeline program, Dreisinger looks into the human stories of incarcerated men and women and those who imprison them, creating a jarring, poignant view of a world to which most are denied access, and a rethinking of one of America's most far-reaching global exports: the modern prison complex. From serving as a restorative justice facilitator in a notorious South African prison and working with genocide survivors in Rwanda, to launching a creative writing class in an overcrowded Ugandan prison and coordinating a drama workshop for women prisoners in Thailand, Dreisinger examines the world behind bars with equal parts empathy and intellect. She journeys to Jamaica to visit a prison music program, to Singapore to learn about approaches to prisoner reentry, to Australia to grapple with the bottom line of private prisons, to a federal supermax in Brazil to confront the horrors of solitary confinement, and finally to the so-called model prisons of Norway. Incarceration Nations concludes with climactic lessons about the past, present, and future of justice.
Religion And The Development Of The American Penal System
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Author : Andrew Skotnicki
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Religion And The Development Of The American Penal System written by Andrew Skotnicki and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with History categories.
Skotnicki (Catholic social ethics, Saint Patrick's Seminary, Menlo Park, California) traces the influence of changing religious ideas on changing attitudes about prisons during the course of US history. Paying attention not only to institutional religion but also to the popular trends that foreshadow institutional change, he looks at the evangelical millennium and the rise of the penitentiaries; New York and Pennsylvania as taking different roads to The Kingdom; sentimentalism, science and the Progressive Movement; religion, progress, and the end of the penitentiaries; and an institution in search of meaning. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR.
Do Prisons Make Us Safer
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Author : Steven Raphael
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2009-01-22
Do Prisons Make Us Safer written by Steven Raphael and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-22 with Social Science categories.
The number of people incarcerated in U.S. prisons and jails more than quadrupled between 1975 and 2005, reaching the unprecedented level of over two million inmates today. Annual corrections spending now exceeds 64 billion dollars, and many of the social and economic burdens resulting from mass incarceration fall disproportionately on minority communities. Yet crime rates across the country have also dropped considerably during this time period. In Do Prisons Make Us Safer? leading experts systematically examine the complex repercussions of the massive surge in our nation's prison system. Do Prisons Make Us Safer? asks whether it makes sense to maintain such a large and costly prison system. The contributors expand the scope of previous analyses to include a number of underexplored dimensions, such as the fiscal impact on states, effects on children, and employment prospects for former inmates. Steven Raphael and Michael Stoll assess the reasons behind the explosion in incarceration rates and find that criminal behavior itself accounts for only a small fraction of the prison boom. Eighty-five percent of the trend can be attributed to "get tough on crime" policies that have increased both the likelihood of a prison sentence and the length of time served. Shawn Bushway shows that while prison time effectively deters and incapacitates criminals in the short term, long-term benefits such as overall crime reduction or individual rehabilitation are less clear cut. Amy Lerman conducts a novel investigation into the effects of imprisonment on criminal psychology and uncovers striking evidence that placement in a high security penitentiary leads to increased rates of violence and anger—particularly in the case of first time or minor offenders. Rucker Johnson documents the spill-over effects of parental incarceration—children who have had a parent serve prison time exhibit more behavioral problems than their peers. Policies to enhance the well-being of these children are essential to breaking a devastating cycle of poverty, unemployment, and crime. John Donohue's economic calculations suggest that alternative social welfare policies such as education and employment programs for at-risk youth may lower crime just as effectively as prisons, but at a much lower human cost. The cost of hiring a new teacher is roughly equal to the cost of incarcerating an additional inmate. The United States currently imprisons a greater proportion of its citizens than any other nation in the world. Until now, however, we've lacked systematic and comprehensive data on how this prison boom has affected families, communities, and our nation as a whole. Do Prisons Make Us Safer? provides a highly nuanced and deeply engaging account of one of the most dramatic policy developments in recent U.S. history.
Penology
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Author : George Glenn Killinger
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973
Penology written by George Glenn Killinger and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with Corrections categories.
The American Criminal Justice System
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Author : Gerhard Falk
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 2010-03-11
The American Criminal Justice System written by Gerhard Falk and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-11 with Law categories.
This critical yet honest appraisal of our criminal justice system addresses its strengths and its flaws—and makes recommendations for improvement. The American Criminal Justice System: How It Works, How It Doesn't, and How to Fix It calls attention to a criminal justice system that needs improvement. Author Gerhard Falk shows that the police themselves often violate the law; that prosecutors send innocent citizens to prison and even to death row; that defense attorneys take on cases they are not prepared to handle; that juries vote guilt or innocence on the basis of emotion, not facts; that judges are often failed attorneys or unscrupulous politicians; and that jails and prisons are too frequently warehouses of the poor. As background for his analysis, Falk discusses the history of the police, prosecutors, defense attorneys, and judges, as well as the history of prisons and "the prison industrial complex." He also offers a devastating analysis of the death penalty and its practitioners. The book ends with recommendations for the improvement of our criminal justice system so that America can truly be, as our Supreme Court proclaims, a land of "Equal Justice under Law."
Sou Ccj230 Introduction To The American Criminal Justice System
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Author : Alison Burke
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Sou Ccj230 Introduction To The American Criminal Justice System written by Alison Burke and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
The Growth Of Incarceration In The United States
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Author : Committee on Causes and Consequences of High Rates of Incarceration
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2014-12-31
The Growth Of Incarceration In The United States written by Committee on Causes and Consequences of High Rates of Incarceration and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-31 with Law categories.
After decades of stability from the 1920s to the early 1970s, the rate of imprisonment in the United States has increased fivefold during the last four decades. The U.S. penal population of 2.2 million adults is by far the largest in the world. Just under one-quarter of the world's prisoners are held in American prisons. The U.S. rate of incarceration, with nearly 1 out of every 100 adults in prison or jail, is 5 to 10 times higher than the rates in Western Europe and other democracies. The U.S. prison population is largely drawn from the most disadvantaged part of the nation's population: mostly men under age 40, disproportionately minority, and poorly educated. Prisoners often carry additional deficits of drug and alcohol addictions, mental and physical illnesses, and lack of work preparation or experience. The growth of incarceration in the United States during four decades has prompted numerous critiques and a growing body of scientific knowledge about what prompted the rise and what its consequences have been for the people imprisoned, their families and communities, and for U.S. society. The Growth of Incarceration in the United States examines research and analysis of the dramatic rise of incarceration rates and its affects. This study makes the case that the United States has gone far past the point where the numbers of people in prison can be justified by social benefits and has reached a level where these high rates of incarceration themselves constitute a source of injustice and social harm. The Growth of Incarceration in the United States examines policy changes that created an increasingly punitive political climate and offers specific policy advice in sentencing policy, prison policy, and social policy. The report also identifies important research questions that must be answered to provide a firmer basis for policy. This report is a call for change in the way society views criminals, punishment, and prison. This landmark study assesses the evidence and its implications for public policy to inform an extensive and thoughtful public debate about and reconsideration of policies.
Corrections
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Author : United States. National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973
Corrections written by United States. National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with Corrections categories.
The Commission recommends specific standards in pursuit of the achievement of six major goals for the improvement of the American correctional system. The American correctional system today appears to offer minimum protection for the public and maximum harm to the offender. The National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals, in its report on corrections, has proposed about 140 standards designed to change that situation. The standards spell out in detail where, why, how, and what improvements can and should be made in the corrections segment of the criminal justice system. This report is a reference work for the correctional professional as well as for the interested layman. Among its goals, the commission urges that disparities in sentencing be removed and justice in corrections be upheld by measures guaranteeing offenders' rights during and after incarceration. The scope of corrections can, and should, be narrowed by diverting many juveniles and sociomedical cases (alcoholics, drug addicts, prostitutes, and the mentally disturbed) to noncorrectional treatment programs and by decriminalizing certain minor offenses such as public drunkenness and vagrancy. Another goal states that probation should become the standard criminal sentence, retaining confinement chiefly for dangerous offenders and releasing a majority of offenders to improved and extended community-based programs. Corrections should undergo a planned integration into the total criminal justice system with each state unifying all correctional functions and programs for adults and juveniles within its executive branch.