The Basics Of Crystallography And Diffraction
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The Basics Of Crystallography And Diffraction
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Author : Christopher Hammond
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2009-05-07
The Basics Of Crystallography And Diffraction written by Christopher Hammond and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-07 with Science categories.
This book provides a clear introduction to topics which are essential to students in a wide range of scientific disciplines but which are otherwise only covered in specialised and mathematically detailed texts. It shows how crystal structures may be built up from simple ideas of atomic packing and co-ordination, it develops the concepts of crystal symmetry, point and space groups by way of two dimensional examples of patterns and tilings, it explains the concept of the reciprocal lattice in simple terms and shows its importance in an understanding of light, X-ray and electron diffraction. Practical examples of the applications of these techniques are described and also the importance of diffraction in the performance of optical instruments. The book is also of value to the general reader since it shows, by biographical and historical references, how the subject has developed and thereby indicates some of the excitement of scientific discovery.
The Basics Of Crystallography And Diffraction
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Author : Christopher Hammond
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2001
The Basics Of Crystallography And Diffraction written by Christopher Hammond and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Science categories.
This is a clear and comprehensive introduction to the topics of crystallography and diffraction for undergraduate and beginning graduate students and lecturers in physics, chemistry, materials, and earth sciences. It shows how crystal structures may be built up from simple ideas of atomic packing and co-ordination, and develops the concepts of crystal symmetry, point and space groups by way of two-dimensional examples of patterns and tilings. The concept of the reciprocal lattice is explained in simple terms and its importance in an understanding o light, x-ray and electron diffraction. Finally, the book covers practical examples of the applications of these techniques and describes the importance of diffraction in the performance of optical instruments.
X Ray Diffraction Crystallography
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Author : Yoshio Waseda
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-03-18
X Ray Diffraction Crystallography written by Yoshio Waseda and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
X-ray diffraction crystallography for powder samples is a well-established and widely used method. It is applied to materials characterization to reveal the atomic scale structure of various substances in a variety of states. The book deals with fundamental properties of X-rays, geometry analysis of crystals, X-ray scattering and diffraction in polycrystalline samples and its application to the determination of the crystal structure. The reciprocal lattice and integrated diffraction intensity from crystals and symmetry analysis of crystals are explained. To learn the method of X-ray diffraction crystallography well and to be able to cope with the given subject, a certain number of exercises is presented in the book to calculate specific values for typical examples. This is particularly important for beginners in X-ray diffraction crystallography. One aim of this book is to offer guidance to solving the problems of 90 typical substances. For further convenience, 100 supplementary exercises are also provided with solutions. Some essential points with basic equations are summarized in each chapter, together with some relevant physical constants and the atomic scattering factors of the elements.
Structure Of Materials
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Author : Marc De Graef
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-10-08
Structure Of Materials written by Marc De Graef and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This highly readable, popular textbook for upper undergraduates and graduates comprehensively covers the fundamentals of crystallography and symmetry, applying these concepts to a large range of materials. New to this edition are more streamlined coverage of crystallography, additional coverage of magnetic point group symmetry and updated material on extraterrestrial minerals and rocks. New exercises at the end of chapters, plus over 500 additional exercises available online, allow students to check their understanding of key concepts and put into practice what they have learnt. Over 400 illustrations within the text help students visualise crystal structures and more abstract mathematical objects, supporting more difficult topics like point group symmetries. Historical and biographical sections add colour and interest by giving an insight into those who have contributed significantly to the field. Supplementary online material includes password-protected solutions, over 100 crystal structure data files, and Powerpoints of figures from the book.
Fundamentals Of Powder Diffraction And Structural Characterization Of Materials
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Author : Vitalij Pecharsky
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-12-05
Fundamentals Of Powder Diffraction And Structural Characterization Of Materials written by Vitalij Pecharsky and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-12-05 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Fundamentals of Powder Diffraction and Structural Characterization of Materials provides an in-depth introduction to the theories and applications of the powder diffraction method for structure determination. The emphasis is placed on powder diffraction data collected using conventional x-ray sources, which remain primary tools for thousands of researchers and students in their daily experimental work. The book is divided into two parts: chapters one though three give essential theoretical background, while chapters four through seven guide the reader through practical aspects of extracting structural information from powder data. In addition color electronic versions of some 300 illustrations found throughout the book will be included.
Electron Crystallography
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Author : Xiaodong Zou
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2011-08-18
Electron Crystallography written by Xiaodong Zou and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-18 with Science categories.
In the modern world of ever smaller devices and nanotechnology, electron crystallography emerges as the most important method capable of determining the structure of minute objects down to the size of individual atoms. Crystals of only a few millionths of a millimetre are studied. This is the first textbook explaining how this is done. Great attention is given to symmetry in crystals and how it manifests itself in electron microscopy and electron diffraction, and how this symmetry can be determined and taken advantage of in achieving improved electron microscopy images and solving crystal structures from electron diffraction patterns. Theory and practice are combined; experimental images, diffraction patterns, formulae and numerical data are discussed in parallel, giving the reader a complete understanding of what goes on inside the "black boxes" of computer programs. This up-to-date textbook contains the newest techniques in electron crystallography, including detailed descriptions and explanations of the recent remarkable successes in determining the very complex structures of zeolites and intermetallics. The controversial issue of whether there is phase information present in electron micrsocopy images or not is also resolved once and for all. The extensive appendices include computer labs which have been used at various courses at Stockholm University and international schools in electron crystallography, with applications to the textbook. Students can download image processing programs and follow these lab instructions to get a hands-on experience of electron crystallography.
Fundamentals Of Crystallography Powder X Ray Diffraction And Transmission Electron Microscopy For Materials Scientists
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Author : Dong ZhiLi
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2022-05-23
Fundamentals Of Crystallography Powder X Ray Diffraction And Transmission Electron Microscopy For Materials Scientists written by Dong ZhiLi and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-23 with Science categories.
The structure–property relationship is a key topic in materials science and engineering. To understand why a material displays certain behaviors, the first step is to resolve its crystal structure and reveal its structure characteristics. Fundamentals of Crystallography, Powder X-ray Diffraction, and Transmission Electron Microscopy for Materials Scientists equips readers with an in-depth understanding of using powder x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy for the analysis of crystal structures. Introduces fundamentals of crystallography Covers XRD of materials, including geometry and intensity of diffracted x-ray beams and experimental methods Describes TEM of materials and includes atomic scattering factors, electron diffraction, and diffraction and phase contrasts Discusses applications of HRTEM in materials research Explains concepts used in XRD and TEM lab training Based on the author’s course lecture notes, this text guides materials science and engineering students with minimal reliance on advanced mathematics. It will also appeal to a broad spectrum of readers, including researchers and professionals working in the disciplines of materials science and engineering, applied physics, and chemical engineering.
X Ray Diffraction For Materials Research
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Author : Myeongkyu Lee
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-03-16
X Ray Diffraction For Materials Research written by Myeongkyu Lee and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-16 with Science categories.
X-ray diffraction is a useful and powerful analysis technique for characterizing crystalline materials commonly employed in MSE, physics, and chemistry. This informative new book describes the principles of X-ray diffraction and its applications to materials characterization. It consists of three parts. The first deals with elementary crystallography and optics, which is essential for understanding the theory of X-ray diffraction discussed in the second section of the book. Part 2 describes how the X-ray diffraction can be applied for characterizing such various forms of materials as thin films, single crystals, and powders. The third section of the book covers applications of X-ray diffraction. The book presents a number of examples to help readers better comprehend the subject. X-Ray Diffraction for Materials Research: From Fundamentals to Applications also • provides background knowledge of diffraction to enable nonspecialists to become familiar with the topics • covers the practical applications as well as the underlying principle of X-ray diffraction • presents appropriate examples with answers to help readers understand the contents more easily • includes thin film characterization by X-ray diffraction with relevant experimental techniques • presents a huge number of elaborately drawn graphics to help illustrate the content The book will help readers (students and researchers in materials science, physics, and chemistry) understand crystallography and crystal structures, interference and diffraction, structural analysis of bulk materials, characterization of thin films, and nondestructive measurement of internal stress and phase transition. Diffraction is an optical phenomenon and thus can be better understood when it is explained with an optical approach, which has been neglected in other books. This book helps to fill that gap, providing information to convey the concept of X-ray diffraction and how it can be applied to the materials analysis. This book will be a valuable reference book for researchers in the field and will work well as a good introductory book of X-ray diffraction for students in materials science, physics, and chemistry.
Introduction To Diffraction In Materials Science And Engineering
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Author : Aaron D. Krawitz
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
Release Date : 2001-04-19
Introduction To Diffraction In Materials Science And Engineering written by Aaron D. Krawitz and has been published by Wiley-Interscience this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-04-19 with Science categories.
Fundamentals and practical applications of diffraction for researchers, engineers, and students Materials science relies heavily on diffraction for the analysis of materials. Introduction to Diffraction in Materials Science and Engineering is a survey of the practical aspects of this valuable tool. Though it contains basic discussion of the theory and physics of diffraction, this book emphasizes understanding and the practical application of diffraction in materials science-making it a valuable text and resource for students, professionals, and researchers. Designed as a teaching and self-study text, this resource begins with a treatment of the fundamentals of crystallography and crystal structure and its importance in diffraction before moving on to cover important aspects of diffraction applications. Numerous examples and problems at the end of each chapter, including critical thinking questions, make this an excellent tool for learning and understanding. The book includes treatments of: * Basics of crystallography * Geometrical representation of crystals and reciprocal space * X-rays and neutrons * Structure factors and intensity * Powder diffraction * Qualitative (Powder Diffraction File) and quantitative phase analysis * Use of the International Tables for more complex structures and the Reitveld method * Residual stress * Introductions to texture, small diffracting units, and long-range order Aaron Krawitz provides both a practical introduction to diffraction that suits the needs of students and a resource for professionals already at work in materials science or engineering who want to utilize the power of diffraction in the study of materials.