The Basis Of Toxicity Testing

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The Basis Of Toxicity Testing

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Author : Donald J. Ecobichon
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1997-08-11

The Basis Of Toxicity Testing written by Donald J. Ecobichon and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-08-11 with Medical categories.

This substantially updated edition presents fundamental principles and concepts behind the various types of toxicological studies, and explains how to design and conduct studies and interpret results. The text explains the increasing need to monitor, assess, and reevaluate the toxicity database of many agents and evaluates the place of individual studies in the overall toxicological assessment of a chemical. Concise descriptions of the formats of in vivo and in vitro studies and methods used in assessing endpoints of toxicity make this an essential introduction and guide for anyone who needs to understand or conduct toxicological studies. Reflecting increasing interest in the "Three Rs" (Reducing, Refining, and Replacement of existing animal tests) in recent years, the Second Edition includes much more information on a variety of new alternative testing protocols. Particular attention is given to the new in vitro alternative testing procedures being incorporated into EEC regulations. The text also covers studies required by regulatory agencies around the world.

Lu S Basic Toxicology

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Author : Byung-Mu Lee
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-09-07

Lu S Basic Toxicology written by Byung-Mu Lee and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-07 with Medical categories.

Continuing a long tradition, Lu‘s Basic Toxicology, Seventh Edition, provides guidance on principles of toxicology and testing procedures for toxicities as well as a concise yet detailed mechanism of both target organ and non-target organ toxicities. The book also addresses the toxic effects of chemicals and risk assessment, giving students and practicing toxicologists, the tools to enhance their practice. This edition includes new chapters on Systems Toxicology, Chemicals and Children, Toxicology of Reproductive Systems, providing the essentials of these topics in the same style as other chapters in the book. Separate subject and chemical indexes make this a useful, quick shelf reference.

Toxicity Testing

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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1984-02-01

Toxicity Testing written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984-02-01 with Science categories.

Prepared at the request of the National Toxicology Program, this landmark report reveals that many chemicals used in pesticides, cosmetics, drugs, food, and commerce have not been sufficiently tested to allow a complete determination of their potential hazards. Given the vast number of chemical substances to which humans are exposed, the authors use a model to show how research priorities for toxicity testing can be set.

Toxicity Testing For Assessment Of Environmental Agents

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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2006-05-07

Toxicity Testing For Assessment Of Environmental Agents written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-05-07 with Nature categories.

Toxicity testing in laboratory animals provides much of the information used by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to assess the hazards and risks associated with exposure to environmental agents that might harm public health or the environment. The data are used to establish maximum acceptable concentrations of environmental agents in drinking water, set permissible limits of exposure of workers, define labeling requirements, establish tolerances for pesticides residues on food, and set other kinds of limits on the basis of risk assessment. Because the number of regulations that require toxicity testing is growing, EPA called for a comprehensive review of established and emerging toxicity-testing methods and strategies. This interim report reviews current toxicity-testing methods and strategies and near-term improvements in toxicity-testing approaches proposed by EPA and others. It identifies several recurring themes and questions in the various reports reviewed. The final report will present a long-range vision and strategic plan to advance the practices of toxicity testing and human health assessment of environmental contaminants.

Toxicity Testing In The 21st Century

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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2007-11-05

Toxicity Testing In The 21st Century written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-11-05 with Nature categories.

Advances in molecular biology and toxicology are paving the way for major improvements in the evaluation of the hazards posed by the large number of chemicals found at low levels in the environment. The National Research Council was asked by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to review the state of the science and create a far-reaching vision for the future of toxicity testing. The book finds that developing, improving, and validating new laboratory tools based on recent scientific advances could significantly improve our ability to understand the hazards and risks posed by chemicals. This new knowledge would lead to much more informed environmental regulations and dramatically reduce the need for animal testing because the new tests would be based on human cells and cell components. Substantial scientific efforts and resources will be required to leverage these new technologies to realize the vision, but the result will be a more efficient, informative and less costly system for assessing the hazards posed by industrial chemicals and pesticides.

Toxicity Testing Of Chemicals

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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Toxic Substances and Environmental Oversight
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984

Toxicity Testing Of Chemicals written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Toxic Substances and Environmental Oversight and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Chemicals categories.

New Microbiotests For Routine Toxicity Screening And Biomonitoring

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Author : Guido Persoone
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

New Microbiotests For Routine Toxicity Screening And Biomonitoring written by Guido Persoone and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.

The determination of the hazards resulting from the accidental or deli berate contamination of terrestrial and aquatic environments is in most countries still lirnited to the detection and quantification of the suspected pollutants by chemical analyses. Such an approach is unfortunately hampered by the following constraints : the costs as weil as the technical difficulties of analyzing every individual chemical which may be present in the sampies, and the difficulty of assessing the hazards and risks of environmental contaminations from a set of chemical data. During the last decades the scientific and regulatory community has gradually realized that biological methodologies have to be taken into consideration for an ecologically meaningful assessment of the toxicological hazards of contaminants. Effect evaluations obtained with biological techniques indeed integrate the impact of all the contaminants to which living biota are exposed. Bioassays with selected test species representative for the biological commumtles of the environments under consideration, are now applied more or less regularly to determine toxic and genotoxic effects. Taking into account the species specific and chemical specific character of toxicity to biota, the necessity of a «battery of tests» approach with species of different trophic levels is currently also generally accepted and implemented. It is dear that a balanced partnership between chemical, biological, toxicological and microbiological analyses is always the best strategy for generating the broadest information base on environmental hazards.

Federal Register

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005-03

Federal Register written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-03 with Administrative law categories.

Environmental Toxicology And Risk Assessment

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Author : Diane Susan Henshel
language : en
Publisher: ASTM International
Release Date : 1999

Environmental Toxicology And Risk Assessment written by Diane Susan Henshel and has been published by ASTM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Medical categories.

Applicability Of Ambient Toxicity Testing To National Or Regional Water Quality Assessment

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Author : John F. Elder
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984

Applicability Of Ambient Toxicity Testing To National Or Regional Water Quality Assessment written by John F. Elder and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Geology categories.