The Basis Of Toxicity Testing
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The Basis Of Toxicity Testing
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Author : Donald J. Ecobichon
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1997-08-11
The Basis Of Toxicity Testing written by Donald J. Ecobichon and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-08-11 with Medical categories.
This substantially updated edition presents fundamental principles and concepts behind the various types of toxicological studies, and explains how to design and conduct studies and interpret results. The text explains the increasing need to monitor, assess, and reevaluate the toxicity database of many agents and evaluates the place of individual studies in the overall toxicological assessment of a chemical. Concise descriptions of the formats of in vivo and in vitro studies and methods used in assessing endpoints of toxicity make this an essential introduction and guide for anyone who needs to understand or conduct toxicological studies. Reflecting increasing interest in the "Three Rs" (Reducing, Refining, and Replacement of existing animal tests) in recent years, the Second Edition includes much more information on a variety of new alternative testing protocols. Particular attention is given to the new in vitro alternative testing procedures being incorporated into EEC regulations. The text also covers studies required by regulatory agencies around the world.
The Basis Of Toxicity Testing
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Author : Donald J. Ecobichon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
The Basis Of Toxicity Testing written by Donald J. Ecobichon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Toxicity testing categories.
1. Introduction; 2. Preliminary considerations; 3. Acute toxicity studies; 4. Subchronic and chronic studies; 5. Reproductive toxicology.
Toxicity Testing For Assessment Of Environmental Agents
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2006-05-07
Toxicity Testing For Assessment Of Environmental Agents written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-05-07 with Nature categories.
Toxicity testing in laboratory animals provides much of the information used by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to assess the hazards and risks associated with exposure to environmental agents that might harm public health or the environment. The data are used to establish maximum acceptable concentrations of environmental agents in drinking water, set permissible limits of exposure of workers, define labeling requirements, establish tolerances for pesticides residues on food, and set other kinds of limits on the basis of risk assessment. Because the number of regulations that require toxicity testing is growing, EPA called for a comprehensive review of established and emerging toxicity-testing methods and strategies. This interim report reviews current toxicity-testing methods and strategies and near-term improvements in toxicity-testing approaches proposed by EPA and others. It identifies several recurring themes and questions in the various reports reviewed. The final report will present a long-range vision and strategic plan to advance the practices of toxicity testing and human health assessment of environmental contaminants.
Practical Toxicology
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Author : David Woolley
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-03-16
Practical Toxicology written by David Woolley and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-16 with Medical categories.
Practical Toxicology: Evaluation, Prediction, and Risk, Third Edition shows how to conduct a program of safety evaluation and testing and then to interpret and apply the resulting data and information in the real world, beginning with the basic concepts in toxicology and progressing to the interpretation of the resulting data. Revised and updated chapters on risk assessment guide the reader to setting the foundations necessary for submission to regulatory authorities. In addition, a new chapter in the book reviews the errors in toxicology, mistakes, misuse, mismanagement, and misunderstanding with a view to avoiding these in the future. New Chapters in the Third Edition: Toxicology in silico Errors in Toxicology Safety Assessment of Extractables and Leachables. This new edition follows a practical sequence from introducing the basics of toxicology (including the vital concept of normality in controls) to describing a test program and then interpreting the data and translating that to risk assessment that can be used in a number of real world situations where safety and secure risk assessment are essential. Although written primarily from the perspective of pharmaceutical development, the test designs and toxicological problems encountered in that field are entirely relevant to those with other classes of chemicals, the only difference being the regulatory context. Toxicology is an international discipline and the book has been written to take into account some of the differences in regulatory nuance between the main regions of the world. Completely revised and written in an easily accessible style, the text address several audiences—from students and post-graduates coming to the subject for the first time to established professionals who find themselves needing to learn about toxicology, toxicity testing, interpretation of the results, and risk assessment. It is intended primarily as a textbook, with case studies and information on where to go to ask questions, but can also be used as a practical reference book. It covers all the basics of toxicology and the main aspects of safety evaluation testing and risk assessment while reviewing critically the current state of the discipline. It also provides a foundation for those seeking registration or certification.
Toxicity Testing In The 21st Century
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2007-11-05
Toxicity Testing In The 21st Century written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-11-05 with Nature categories.
Advances in molecular biology and toxicology are paving the way for major improvements in the evaluation of the hazards posed by the large number of chemicals found at low levels in the environment. The National Research Council was asked by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to review the state of the science and create a far-reaching vision for the future of toxicity testing. The book finds that developing, improving, and validating new laboratory tools based on recent scientific advances could significantly improve our ability to understand the hazards and risks posed by chemicals. This new knowledge would lead to much more informed environmental regulations and dramatically reduce the need for animal testing because the new tests would be based on human cells and cell components. Substantial scientific efforts and resources will be required to leverage these new technologies to realize the vision, but the result will be a more efficient, informative and less costly system for assessing the hazards posed by industrial chemicals and pesticides.
Principles Of Toxicology Testing
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Author : Frank A Barile
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2013-04-02
Principles Of Toxicology Testing written by Frank A Barile and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-02 with Medical categories.
Nationally, toxicology programs have evolved from a traditional exploration of the chemistry and applied toxicity of chemicals and drugs to a more comprehensive study of toxicology and toxicology testing as independent entities. Consequently, the second edition of Principles of Toxicology Testing starts with basic toxicological principles, includin
Pesticides In The Diets Of Infants And Children
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1993-02-01
Pesticides In The Diets Of Infants And Children written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-02-01 with Science categories.
Many of the pesticides applied to food crops in this country are present in foods and may pose risks to human health. Current regulations are intended to protect the health of the general population by controlling pesticide use. This book explores whether the present regulatory approaches adequately protect infants and children, who may differ from adults in susceptibility and in dietary exposures to pesticide residues. The committee focuses on four major areas: Susceptibility: Are children more susceptible or less susceptible than adults to the effects of dietary exposure to pesticides? Exposure: What foods do infants and children eat, and which pesticides and how much of them are present in those foods? Is the current information on consumption and residues adequate to estimate exposure? Toxicity: Are toxicity tests in laboratory animals adequate to predict toxicity in human infants and children? Do the extent and type of toxicity of some chemicals vary by species and by age? Assessing risk: How is dietary exposure to pesticide residues associated with response? How can laboratory data on lifetime exposures of animals be used to derive meaningful estimates of risk to children? Does risk accumulate more rapidly during the early years of life? This book will be of interest to policymakers, administrators of research in the public and private sectors, toxicologists, pediatricians and other health professionals, and the pesticide industry.
Chemistry For Toxicity Testing
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Author : C.W. Jameson
language : en
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Release Date : 2016-07-29
Chemistry For Toxicity Testing written by C.W. Jameson and has been published by Butterworth-Heinemann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-29 with Medical categories.
Chemistry for Toxicity Testing presents the chemical requirements for external toxicity studies. This book is organized into four parts encompassing 18 chapters that discuss the basic chemistry considerations for toxicity testing program. It also describes the structure-activity prediction of the carcinogenicity of chemicals and the development of methods for mixing chemicals in rodent feed. Some of the topics covered in the book are the formulations of insoluble and immiscible test agents in liquid medium for toxicity testing; problems of testing commercial-grade chemicals; analysis of dosed feed samples; determination of chemical and vehicle mixtures stability; and the toxicity of inhaled chemicals. Other parts explore the methods for generation of test atmosphere and the monitoring of vapor concentration in test atmosphere. An evaluation of dosage analysis data from a problem-solving point of view is provided. The discussion then shifts to the effects of good laboratory practices on chemistry requirements for toxicity testing. The final part is devoted to the monitoring of aerosol chemicals inhalation in chambers. The book can provide useful information to chemists, toxicologists, students, and researchers.
The Scientific Basis Of Toxicity Assessment
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Author : Hanspeter R. Witschi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
The Scientific Basis Of Toxicity Assessment written by Hanspeter R. Witschi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Toxicology categories.
The Dose Makes The Poison
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Author : Patricia Frank
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-03-22
The Dose Makes The Poison written by Patricia Frank and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-22 with Science categories.
This new edition of a widely-read and highly-acclaimed book broadens the scope of its predecessors from a heavy focus on industrial chemicals as toxicants to include drugs, food additives, cosmetics and other types of compounds that people are exposed to daily. Also new to the 3rd edition are newer issues-of-the-day such as nanoparticulate toxicants, second hand smoke, food contamination, lead in toys, and others. As such, the book provides the basics of toxicology in easy-to-understand language as well as a fuller understanding of the daily insults to which our bodies are subjected.
