The Bifidobacteria And Related Organisms
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The Bifidobacteria And Related Organisms
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Author : Paola Mattarelli
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2017-09-20
The Bifidobacteria And Related Organisms written by Paola Mattarelli and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The Bifidobacteria and Related Organisms: Biology, Taxonomy, Applications brings together authoritative reviews on all aspects of Bifidobacteria and related genera. Their place within the Phylum Actinobacteria is discussed first, and this is followed by descriptions of the genera Bifidobacterium, Alloscardovia, Aeriscardovia, Bombiscardovia, Gardnerella, Metascardovia, Parascardovia and Scardovia and the currently accredited species within those genera. The increased availability of genome sequences and molecular tools for studying bifidobacteria provides important information about their taxonomy, physiology and interactions with their host. Also considerations about common bifidobacterial core maintenance during the mutual coevolution of a host and its intestinal microbes could be relevant for health claims for the ability of symbiotic gut bacteria to provide health benefits to their host, and for evaluating such claims in scientifically valid experiments. Chemotaxonomy is important to our understanding of these genera and so is considered along with physiological and biochemical aspects before proceeding to examine clinical and other practical aspects. The ability to maintain pure cultures and to grow cells in industrial quantities when required for applications requires that the cells’ environmental and nutritional needs are well understood. Some species are important clinically and as animal digestive tract synbionts—and even play a part in honey production—so these matters are considered along with milk oligosaccharides’ roles in gut flora development in neonates. Presents information on all bacteria in this group in one place Provides applications and technological considerations placed alongside more academic matters such as nomenclature and phylogeny Includes basic information on the beneficial role of bifidobacteria in the human gut, with particular importance for infants Provides information on genomic and gene modification technologies
Bifidobacteria And Their Role
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Author : J.A. Kurmann
language : de
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Release Date : 2019-06-12
Bifidobacteria And Their Role written by J.A. Kurmann and has been published by Springer-Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-12 with Science categories.
Biochemistry And Physiology Of Bifidobacteria
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Author : Anatoly Bezkorovainy
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2020-02-03
Biochemistry And Physiology Of Bifidobacteria written by Anatoly Bezkorovainy and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-03 with Science categories.
This book provides a comprehensive reference work on this ubiquitous group of microorganisms for the biomedical community, and intends to stimulate further research into the biochemistry and physiology of bifidobacteria and their role in health and disease of newborns and even adult human beings. Discussions of bifidobacteria include chapters on nomenclature and taxonomy, ecology, morphology, metabolism, membrane and cell wall structure, clinical applications, metal transport, and future research trends. Each chapter ends with a summary. The book is amply illustrated and extensively referenced.
Diet Microbe Interactions In The Gut
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Author : Kieran Tuohy
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-08-04
Diet Microbe Interactions In The Gut written by Kieran Tuohy and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-04 with Medical categories.
Drawing on expert opinions from the fields of nutrition, gut microbiology, mammalian physiology, and immunology, Diet-Microbe Interactions for Human Health investigates the evidence for a unified disease mechanism working through the gut and its resident microbiota, and linking many inflammation-related chronic diet associated diseases. State of the art post-genomic studies can highlight the important role played by our resident intestinal microbiota in determining human health and disease. Many chronic human diseases associated with modern lifestyles and diets — including those localized to the intestinal tract like inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease, and more pervasive systemic conditions such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease — are characterized by aberrant profiles of gut bacteria or their metabolites. Many of these diseases have an inflammatory basis, often presenting with a chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, hinting at persistent and inappropriate activation of inflammatory pathways. Through the presentation and analysis of recent nutrition studies, this book discusses the possible mechanisms underpinning the disease processes associated with these pathologies, with high fat diets appearing to predispose to disease, and biologically active plant components, mainly fiber and polyphenols, appearing to reduce the risk of chronic disease development. One comprehensive, translational source for all aspects of nutrition and diet's effect on gastrointestinal health and disease Experts in nutrition, diet, microbiology and immunology take readers from the bench research (cellular and biochemical mechanisms of vitamins and nutrients) to new preventive and therapeutic approaches Clear presentations by leading researchers of the cellular mechanisms underlying diet, immune response, and gastrointestinal disease help practicing nutritionists and clinicians (gastroenterologists, endocrinologists) map out new areas for clinical research and structuring clinical recommendations
Role Of Bifidobacteria In Human And Animal Health And Biotechnological Applications
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Author : María Esteban-Torres
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-01-05
Role Of Bifidobacteria In Human And Animal Health And Biotechnological Applications written by María Esteban-Torres and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-05 with Science categories.
The Microbiota In Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology
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Author : Martin H. Floch
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-11-16
The Microbiota In Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology written by Martin H. Floch and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-16 with Science categories.
The Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology: Implications for Human Health, Prebiotics, Probiotics and Dysbiosis is a one-stop reference on the state-of-the-art research on gut microbial ecology in relation to human disease. This important resource starts with an overview of the normal microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract, including the esophagus, stomach, Ileum, and colon. The book then identifies what a healthy vs. unhealthy microbial community looks like, including methods of identification. Also included is insight into which features and contributions the microbiota make that are essential and useful to host physiology, as is information on how to promote appropriate mutualisms and prevent undesirable dysbioses. Through the power of synthesizing what is known by experienced researchers in the field, current gaps are closed, raising understanding of the role of the microbiome and allowing for further research. Explains how to modify the gut microbiota and how the current strategies used to do this produce their effects Explores the gut microbiota as a therapeutic target Provides the synthesis of existing data from both mainstream and non-mainstream sources through experienced researchers in the field Serves as a ‘one-stop’ shop for a topic that’s currently spread across a number of various journals
Prebiotics And Probiotics Science And Technology
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Author : Dimitris Charalampopoulos
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-08-12
Prebiotics And Probiotics Science And Technology written by Dimitris Charalampopoulos and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-08-12 with Health & Fitness categories.
A comprehensive overview on the advances in the field, this volume presents the science underpinning the probiotic and prebiotic effects, the latest in vivo studies, the technological issues in the development and manufacture of these types of products, and the regulatory issues involved. It will be a useful reference for both scientists and technologists working in academic and governmental institutes, and the industry.
Bifidobacteria And Pediococci
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Author : Paul James Simpson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Bifidobacteria And Pediococci written by Paul James Simpson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Microbiology categories.
The study had three principal aims related to pediococci and bifidobacteria and their enumeration, genomic characterisation and applicability as probiotics. Two selective edia based on mMRS with mupirocin or mixture of ampicillin, novobiocin, and vancomycin were developed for bifidobacteria and pediococci, respectively. Both media were applied to a range of cultures, powder-based products and porcine caecal samples. A detailed examination of RAPD PCR and PFGE found both methods effectively discriminated Bifidobacterium strains and Pediococcus strains and species. A detailed description of the bifidobacteria population associated with a porcine caecum was described using PFGE. The same Bifidobacterium strains were found to be associated with the epithelium and lumen contents. This implied that a dynamic interaction between adhering and non-adhering cells exists and that, for the caecum at least, bacterial growth can occur within the GIT lumen. In addition, based on subtle differences in PFGE patterns evidence for genomic plasticity was observed and this was considered to be a possible mechanism underlying long-term colonisation. Furthermore, based on a number of approaches that included 16S rDNA sequencing three known Bifidobacterium species were identified that included B. minimum a species that had only previously been isolated from sewage. Moreover, a novel species, Bifidobacterium pyschraerophilum, and a novel genus and species, Aeriscardovia aeriphila were identified and distinguished by their marked resistance to oxygen. With regards to the safety of pediococci and their use in feed, food and silage, erythromycin resistance in a P. acidilactic strain was found to be plasmid encoded. With regards to developing food-grade powders containing high levels of viable and stable bifidobacteria the intrinsic tolerance of Bifidobacterium species to heat and oxygen was established. A group of closely related species with a tolerance to both parameters were identified. Following spray drying at laboratory-scale, heat and oxygen tolerant species had high initial survival and good viability at refrigerated temperatures in skim-milk powders. However, oxygen tolerance alone did not correlate with high initial survival or good storage viability. Viability during storage at ambient temperatures was significantly reduced for all species but was greatly improved when bifidobacteria were dried using a pilot-scale fluidised-bed spray dryer. Ice cream was manufactured using bifidobacteria enriched skim-milk spray-dried powder.
Bifidobacteria And Their Role In The Human Gut Microbiota 2nd Edition
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Author : Francesca Turroni
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-02-14
Bifidobacteria And Their Role In The Human Gut Microbiota 2nd Edition written by Francesca Turroni and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-14 with categories.
The human intestine is home of an almost inconceivable large number of microorganisms. The human gut microbiota can therefore be pictured as an organ placed within a host organism. The human gut microbiome, which in total may contain >100 times the number of genes present in our genome, endows us with functional features that we did not have to evolve ourselves. It is recognized that intestinal microbiota plays an important role in human health and disease. In fact, gut bacteria other than metabolize dietary components, may play complex roles such as modulation of the immune system and in reduction of gut infections. Variations in the presence and/or abundance of certain components of the intestinal microbiota have repeatedly been observed in patients that suffer from atopic diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, infectious colitis, colon cancer and diabetes. In this context, bifidobacteria represent one of the most common bacterial members of the human gut microbiota. Bifidobacteria are anaerobic, Gram-positive, irregular or branched rod-shaped bacteria that are commonly found in the gastro-intestinal tracts (GIT) of humans, especially during the first stages of life and most animal and insects. Bifidobacterial fluctuations seem directly associated with health effects and for these reasons they are being exploited as health-promoting or probiotic bacteria. However, despite the extensive commercial exploitation of bifidobacteria as probiotic bacteria, little is known about their impact or dependency on other members of the human gut microbiota or on their host. Genome analyses have highlighted the existence of gene repertoires encoding products that are responsible for the adaptation of bifidobacteria to the human intestine and intense research efforts at international level are ongoing to understand the molecular details of these interactions. Specifically, the molecular interactions that are presumed to exist between bifidobacteria and the human host, as well as interactions between different residents of intestinal microbiota are the main topic of bifidobacterial research communities.
Lactic Acid Bacteria
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Author : Wilhelm H. Holzapfel
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2014-04-29
Lactic Acid Bacteria written by Wilhelm H. Holzapfel and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Lactic Acid Bacteria Biodiversity and Taxonomy Lactic Acid Bacteria Biodiversity and Taxonomy Edited by Wilhelm H. Holzapfel and Brian J.B. Wood The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a group of related microorganisms that are enormously important in the food and beverage industries. Generally regarded as safe for human consumption (and, in the case of probiotics, positively beneficial to human health), the LAB have been used for centuries, and continue to be used worldwide on an industrial scale, in food fermentation processes, including yoghurt, cheeses, fermented meats and vegetables, where they ferment carbohydrates in the foods, producing lactic acid and creating an environment unsuitable for the survival of food spoilage organisms and pathogens. The shelf life of the product is thereby extended, but of course these foods are also enjoyed around the world for their organoleptic qualities. They are also important to the brewing and winemaking industries, where they are often undesirable intruders but can in specific cases have desirable benefits. The LAB are also used in producing silage and other agricultural animal feeds. Clinically, they can improve the digestive health of young animals, and also have human medical applications. This book provides a much-needed and comprehensive account of the current knowledge of the LAB, covering the taxonomy and relevant biochemistry, physiology and molecular biology of these scientifically and commercially important microorganisms. It is directed to bringing together the current understanding concerning the organisms’ remarkable diversity within a seemingly rather constrained compass. The genera now identified as proper members of the LAB are treated in dedicated chapters, and the species properly recognized as members of each genus are listed with detailed descriptions of their principal characteristics. Each genus and species is described using a standardized format, and the relative importance of each species in food, agricultural and medical applications is assessed. In addition, certain other bacterial groups (such as Bifidobacterium) often associated with the LAB are given in-depth coverage. The book will also contribute to a better understanding and appreciation of the role of LA B in the various ecosystems and ecological niches that they occupy. In summary, this volume gathers together information designed to enable the organisms’ fullest industrial, nutritional and medical applications. Lactic Acid Bacteria: Biodiversity and Taxonomy is an essential reference for research scientists, biochemists and microbiologists working in the food and fermentation industries and in research institutions. Advanced students of food science and technology will also find it an indispensable guide to the subject. Also available from Wiley Blackwell The Chemistry of Food Jan Velisek ISBN 978-1-118-38384-1 Progress in Food Preservation Edited by Rajeev Bhat, Abd Karim Alias and Gopinadham Paliyath ISBN 978-0-470-65585-6