The Big Problem Of Small Change
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The Big Problem Of Small Change
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Author : Thomas J. Sargent
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2014-04-24
The Big Problem Of Small Change written by Thomas J. Sargent and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-24 with Business & Economics categories.
The Big Problem of Small Change offers the first credible and analytically sound explanation of how a problem that dogged monetary authorities for hundreds of years was finally solved. Two leading economists, Thomas Sargent and François Velde, examine the evolution of Western European economies through the lens of one of the classic problems of monetary history--the recurring scarcity and depreciation of small change. Through penetrating and clearly worded analysis, they tell the story of how monetary technologies, doctrines, and practices evolved from 1300 to 1850; of how the "standard formula" was devised to address an age-old dilemma without causing inflation. One big problem had long plagued commodity money (that is, money literally worth its weight in gold): governments were hard-pressed to provide a steady supply of small change because of its high costs of production. The ensuing shortages hampered trade and, paradoxically, resulted in inflation and depreciation of small change. After centuries of technological progress that limited counterfeiting, in the nineteenth century governments replaced the small change in use until then with fiat money (money not literally equal to the value claimed for it)--ensuring a secure flow of small change. But this was not all. By solving this problem, suggest Sargent and Velde, modern European states laid the intellectual and practical basis for the diverse forms of money that make the world go round today. This keenly argued, richly imaginative, and attractively illustrated study presents a comprehensive history and theory of small change. The authors skillfully convey the intuition that underlies their rigorous analysis. All those intrigued by monetary history will recognize this book for the standard that it is.
Avoiding A Meltdown Managing The Value Of Small Change
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Author : François R. Velde
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2008-10
Avoiding A Meltdown Managing The Value Of Small Change written by François R. Velde and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10 with Antiques & Collectibles categories.
To prevent a shortage of small change, the U.S. Dept. of the Treasury recently prohibited the melting and exportation of pennies and other coins. The problem arises because pennies and nickels are made of inappropriately expensive material, and there is or soon will be a profit to be made from transferring their content to alternative uses. The author provides a historical context for the problem of small change and discusses possible remedies. Charts and tables.
Moneyed Money
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Author : Joseph Van Hal
language : en
Publisher: Vior Webmedia
Release Date : 2024-09-21
Moneyed Money written by Joseph Van Hal and has been published by Vior Webmedia this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-21 with Business & Economics categories.
"MONEYED MONEY" offers insight into how the term 'money', uttered by over 7 billion people daily, often remains largely misunderstood. Despite numerous attempts by governments, scholars, bankers, and international organisations to pin down a definition, the conclusion typically echoes Jean Gabin's sentiment: "Maintenant je sais" (this time I know). However, the true understanding often resides with the ordinary person grappling with daily concerns about meeting basic needs. The book guides readers through a brief history of the concept of money, explores reflections by significant historical academics, and delves into the fundamental element of trust and confidence in relation to the precious metal "gold". Moneyed Money's conclusion clarifies how, with technological innovations, even the most impoverished individuals may metaphorically purchase a single 'onion' by utilizing a pure gold instrument for indirect exchange. ADDENDA: ADD1 -'Fauteuil'-Academics on Money -- ADD2 -A Monetary Pitfall called... Value -- ADD3 -A 'Quixotic' Relic -- ADD4 -John Maynard Keynes - Locke(d) -- ADD5 -Lowndes-Locke Controversy in the 21th-C. -- ADD6 -Golden Governments -- ADD7 -Deceitful Banking Doctrines -- ADD8 -A Chronology of Monetary Evolution. Eight addenda explore various perspectives, each adding to the ultimate conclusion of Moneyed Money. I am convinced that not every reader will appreciate my subtly sarcastic tone towards well-known political and academic figures appearing in these addenda.
The City State Of Boston
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Author : Mark Peterson
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-10-06
The City State Of Boston written by Mark Peterson and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-06 with History categories.
A groundbreaking history of early America that shows how Boston built and sustained an independent city-state in New England before being folded into the United States In the vaunted annals of America’s founding, Boston has long been held up as an exemplary “city upon a hill” and the “cradle of liberty” for an independent United States. Wresting this revered metropolis from these misleading, tired clichés, The City-State of Boston highlights Boston’s overlooked past as an autonomous city-state, and in doing so, offers a pathbreaking and brilliant new history of early America. Following Boston’s development over three centuries, Mark Peterson discusses how this self-governing Atlantic trading center began as a refuge from Britain’s Stuart monarchs and how—through its bargain with the slave trade and ratification of the Constitution—it would tragically lose integrity and autonomy as it became incorporated into the greater United States. The City-State of Boston peels away layers of myth to offer a startlingly fresh understanding of this iconic urban center.
Making Money
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Author : Christine Desan
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2014-11-27
Making Money written by Christine Desan and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-27 with Law categories.
Money travels the modern world in disguise. It looks like a convention of human exchange - a commodity like gold or a medium like language. But its history reveals that money is a very different matter. It is an institution engineered by political communities to mark and mobilize resources. As societies change the way they create money, they change the market itself - along with the rules that structure it, the politics and ideas that shape it, and the benefits that flow from it. One particularly dramatic transformation in money's design brought capitalism to England. For centuries, the English government monopolized money's creation. The Crown sold people coin for a fee in exchange for silver and gold. 'Commodity money' was a fragile and difficult medium; the first half of the book considers the kinds of exchange and credit it invited, as well as the politics it engendered. Capitalism arrived when the English reinvented money at the end of the 17th century. When it established the Bank of England, the government shared its monopoly over money creation for the first time with private investors, institutionalizing their self-interest as the pump that would produce the money supply. The second half of the book considers the monetary revolution that brought unprecedented possibilities and problems. The invention of circulating public debt, the breakdown of commodity money, the rise of commercial bank currency, and the coalescence of ideological commitments that came to be identified with the Gold Standard - all contributed to the abundant and unstable medium that is modern money. All flowed as well from a collision between the individual incentives and public claims at the heart of the system. The drama had constitutional dimension: money, as its history reveals, is a mode of governance in a material world. That character undermines claims in economics about money's neutrality. The monetary design innovated in England would later spread, producing the global architecture of modern money.
Money In Asia 1200 1900 Small Currencies In Social And Political Contexts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2015-01-27
Money In Asia 1200 1900 Small Currencies In Social And Political Contexts written by and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-27 with Business & Economics categories.
Money in Asia examines two chronic problems that faced early modern monetary economies in East, South, and Southeast Asia: The inability to provide sufficient amounts of small currencies to facilitate local economic transactions and to control currency depreciation. The studies in this volume analyze the social and economic consequences of small currency scarcity and devaluation on various Asian economies and show how various regimes tried to manage these ever-present challenges. They reveal that those regimes that dealt most successfully with these two issues were those with an integrated national approach to monetary policy. Contributors are: Peter Bernholz, Werner Burger, Cao Jin, Mark Elvin, Dennis O. Flynn, Roger Greatrex, Najaf Haider, Reinier H. Hesselink, Elisabeth Kaske, Man-houng Lin, Jane Kate Leonard, Christine Moll-Murata, Keiko Nagase-Reimer, Shan Kunqin, Shimada Ryūto, Ulrich Theobald, Hans Ulrich Vogel, and Willem Wolters
Small Changes Great Impact
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Author : Rajat Sharma
language : en
Publisher: OrangeBooks Publication
Release Date : 2023-02-18
Small Changes Great Impact written by Rajat Sharma and has been published by OrangeBooks Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-18 with Self-Help categories.
"Small Changes, Great Impact" is a powerful guide with free step by step Checksheet that teaches readers how to create meaningful and lasting change in their lives and the world through small, incremental steps. This book explores the science of habit formation and offers practical tips and inspiring stories to help readers adopt new behaviors and attitudes. Whether you want to improve your health, relationships, finances, or the environment, this book provides actionable advice and the tools you need to make positive changes. With its accessible language and powerful message, "Small Changes, Great Impact" is a must-read for anyone seeking to create a better future for themselves and the world
Small Move Big Change
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Author : Caroline L. Arnold
language : en
Publisher: Penguin UK
Release Date : 2016-07-28
Small Move Big Change written by Caroline L. Arnold and has been published by Penguin UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-28 with Body, Mind & Spirit categories.
Small, but smart: a Wall Street guru's secrets to making change that sticks. 'A rare self-improvement book that actually works' Adam Grant, bestselling author of Give and Take Every year, we're determined to achieve our goals: to lose weight, save money or get a promotion. But how often do we follow them through? Science - and real life - shows that this 'big push' strategy is ultimately designed to fail, with our limited willpower struggling against entrenched routines and autopilot behaviours. In Small Move, Big Change, Wall Street technology guru, Caroline Arnold, introduces micro-resolutions: simple and deceptively effective, they reward us with instant results that have huge, lasting effects that can help you revolutionise your: · Sleep · Fitness · Relationships · Organisation · Budgeting Packed full of real-world examples, this practical guide will help you spot the small moves that will bring the biggest change to your life.
The Small Big
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Author : Steve J. Martin
language : en
Publisher: Profile Books
Release Date : 2014-08-28
The Small Big written by Steve J. Martin and has been published by Profile Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-28 with Business & Economics categories.
At some point today you will have to influence or persuade someone - perhaps ask a colleague a favour, negotiate with a contractor or get your spouse to put out the recycling. In The small BIG, three heavyweights from the world of persuasion science and practice - Steve Martin, Noah Goldstein and Robert Cialdini - describe how, in today's information-overloaded world, it is now the smallest changes that lead to the biggest differences in results. Offering deceptively simple suggestions and explaining the extensive scientific research behind them, the small BIG presents over fifty small changes - from the little adjustments that make meetings more effective to the costless alteration to correspondence that saved a government millions. the small BIG is full of surprising, powerful - and above all, tiny - changes that could mean the difference between failure and success.
The Archaeology Of Politics
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Author : Andrew M. Bauer
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2011-05-25
The Archaeology Of Politics written by Andrew M. Bauer and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-25 with Social Science categories.
The Archaeology of Politics is a collection of essays that examines political action and practice in the past through studies and analyses of material culture from the perspective of anthropological archaeology. Contributors to this volume explore a variety of multi-scalar relationships between past peoples, places, objects and environments. At stake in this volume is what it is that constitutes politics, its social and cultural location, fields of analysis, its materiality and sociology and especially its position and possibilities as a conceptual and analytical category in archaeological investigations of past socio-cultural worlds. Our primary goals are twofold: the problematization and re-conceptualization of politics from its understanding as a reified essence or structure of political forms (e.g., a State) to a fluid, dynamic and culturally inflected set of practices; and, second, to consider politics’ entanglement with the materiality of socio-cultural worlds at multiple-scales through the demonstration of innovative analytical approaches to the material record. The volume is a tightly integrated group of essays exploring an assortment of case studies that offer new theoretical insight to archaeological and historical analyses of politics.