The Biology Of Nicotine Dependence
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The Biology Of Nicotine Dependence
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Author : Gregory R. Bock
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2008-04-30
The Biology Of Nicotine Dependence written by Gregory R. Bock and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-30 with Medical categories.
Nicotine is considered to be the main agent in the maintenance of the tobacco smoking habit and is largely responsible for the behavioral and physiological responses to the inhalation of tobacco smoke. This work presents advances made in the elucidation of the action of nicotine in the body--essential information for developing treatments to help people give up smoking. The book reviews the progress made in identifying nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain, using the techniques of molecular biology to characterize receptors and investigate the functional differences between receptors composed of different types of subunits. Sex-specific differences in the response to nicotine, the effects of nicotine on locomotor activity, and its still-debated influence on cognitive performance are considered. The book also examines the habit-forming role of nicotine, the development of tolerance to nicotine, and the less clearly understood phenomenon of withdrawal. Also discusses some potential therapeutic strategies.
How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Government publications categories.
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Understanding Nicotine And Tobacco Addiction
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Author : Gregory R. Bock
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2006-06-14
Understanding Nicotine And Tobacco Addiction written by Gregory R. Bock and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-14 with Medical categories.
Cigarette smoking is estimated to lead to 4.9 million premature deaths per year worldwide. This is predicted to rise to 10 million by 2020. In western countries it kills half of all smokers who fail to stop. The prevailing model for tobacco addiction is that nicotine from cigarettes rewards smoking and punishes abstinence, tapping into a motivational system of operant conditioning that requires no conscious awareness. However, there are also accounts which involve cognitive biases and the effect of nicotine on impulse control. The brain pathways involved have been studied extensively, but the role of different nicotine receptor subtypes and other neurotransmitter systems is still subject to debate. In western countries, cigarette smoking as an adult has a heritability of 30-50% and candidate genes have been identified that may contribute in part to addiction susceptibility. Many socio-cultural correlates of cigarette smoking have been established, but a comprehensive model that accounts for these and links them with the psychobiological aspects of nicotine addiction has not been forthcoming. Structured behavioural support programmes aid cessation attempts, as do a number of pharmacotherapies, most notably nicotine replacement treatments and bupropion, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This book deals with the problems involved in understanding and treating nicotine and tobacco addiction. Topics covered include the nature of the worldwide health problem posed by cigarette smoking, the psychodynamics of cigarette addiction, and the basic pharmacology and biochemistry of nicotine and its effect on the brain. Further chapters analyse the genetic basis of susceptibility to nicotine addiction. Finally, the contributors address approaches to therapy. A continuing theme in the discussions throughout the book is how best to treat nicotine addiction, given that many smokers would like to stop smoking but are unable to do so because of their addiction. This book will be of great value to all psychologists and psychiatrists working on addiction, specifically to nicotine but also to other compounds and behaviours. It will also be of interest to neuroscientists and pharmacologists working on nicotine receptors and the brain pathways involved in dependence, as well as to biochemists, molecular biologist and to public health officials.
Nicotine Addiction
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Author : C. Tracy Orleans
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1993
Nicotine Addiction written by C. Tracy Orleans and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Nicotine categories.
Despite persistent warnings from the medical profession about the health risks involved in cigarette smoking, millions of people continue to smoke cigarettes. With contributions from renowned experts, this ground-breaking work defines and explains nicotine addiction as a primary problem or disease, instead of as a habit or risk factor for other diseases. A comprehensive, clinical text on tobacco dependence, this book provides clinicians with essential information on how to diagnose and treat nicotine addicted patients. It also offers the medical, epidemiological and behavioral science backgrounds necessary for understanding the process and dynamics of tobacco dependence. Following the traditional format of medical texts, the book first covers etiology, pathogenesis and complications, then diagnosis and treatment, and finally public health and prevention. Part One presents an overview of the biological, psychological and social factors that contribute to nicotine dependence including such topics as a description of nicotine delivery systems, psychopharmacology, economics, natural history and epidemiology, mortality, morbidity, and environmental tobacco smoke exposure. The second part offers practical guidelines and tools for treating nicotine dependence and describes a stepped-care treatment model with brief interventions that can be easily integrated into routine medical practice. This section also covers the role of psychopharmacologic and formal treatment programs, the treatment of smokeless tobacco addiction, and treating nicotine dependence in pregnant women and in people with medical illnesses, other chemical dependencies, or psychiatric disorders. The last section focuses on worksite and community intervention programs and summarizes the research on smoking patterns and history in women, Blacks, Hispanics, youth, and older adults, and shows how intervention and prevention programs could be made more effective in these groups. Written by the nation's leading tobacco control researchers and clinicians, this important work contains new and critical information not previously available.
The Neuropharmacology Of Nicotine Dependence
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Author : David J.K. Balfour
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-01-31
The Neuropharmacology Of Nicotine Dependence written by David J.K. Balfour and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-31 with Medical categories.
The primary purpose of this book and its companion volume The Behavioral Genetics of Nicotine and Tobacco is to explore the ways in which recent studies on nicotine and its role in tobacco addiction have opened our eyes to the psychopharmacological properties of this unique and fascinating drug. While The Behavioral Genetics of Nicotine and Tobacco considers the molecular and genetic factors which influence behavioral responses to nicotine and how these may impact on the role of nicotine in tobacco dependence, the present book focuses on the complex neural and psychological mechanisms that mediate nicotine dependence in experimental animal models and their relationship to tobacco addiction in humans. These volumes will provide readers a contemporary overview of current research on nicotine psychopharmacology and its role in tobacco dependence from leaders in this field of researchand will hopefully prove valuable to those who are developing their own research programmes in this important topic.
Tobacco Smoking Addiction Epidemiology Genetics Mechanisms And Treatment
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Author : Ming D. Li
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-03-02
Tobacco Smoking Addiction Epidemiology Genetics Mechanisms And Treatment written by Ming D. Li and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-02 with Medical categories.
This book provides the most recent knowledge on almost all key aspects of the health impact of tobacco smoking. Its 21 chapters focus on both preclinical and clinical studies. The contents are broad, covering the epidemiology of tobacco smoking; genetic epidemiology; identification of susceptibility genomic regions, genes, and pathways as determined by both human and animal studies; evolutionary relations among the different nAChR subunit genes that are so important to the nicotine response; smoking-related diseases; E-cigarettes; and smoking cessation. Furthermore, each chapter includes a detailed and comprehensive list of key references. For both clinical and basic researchers, this book is a valuable resource on nicotine dependence and other addictions.
Neuroscience Of Nicotine
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Author : Victor R. Preedy
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2019-03-20
Neuroscience Of Nicotine written by Victor R. Preedy and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-20 with Medical categories.
Neuroscience of Nicotine: Mechanisms and Treatment presents the fundamental information necessary for a thorough understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of nicotine addiction and its effects on the brain. Offering thorough coverage of all aspects of nicotine research, treatment, policy and prevention, and containing contributions from internationally recognized experts, the book provides students, early-career researchers, and investigators at all levels with a fundamental introduction to all aspects of nicotine misuse. With an estimated one billion individuals worldwide classified as tobacco users—and tobacco use often being synonymous with nicotine addiction—nicotine is one of the world’s most common addictive substances, and a frequent comorbidity of misuse of other common addictive substances. Nicotine alters a variety of neurological processes, from molecular biology, to cognition, and quitting is exceedingly difficult because of the number of withdrawal symptoms that accompany the process. Integrates cutting-edge research on the pharmacological, cellular and molecular aspects of nicotine use, along with its effects on neurobiological function Discusses nicotine use as a component of dual-use and poly addictions and outlines numerous screening and treatment strategies for misuse Covers both the physical and psychological effects of nicotine use and withdrawal to provide a fully-formed view of nicotine dependency and its effects
The Neurobiology And Genetics Of Nicotine And Tobacco
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Author : David J.K. Balfour
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-02-05
The Neurobiology And Genetics Of Nicotine And Tobacco written by David J.K. Balfour and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-05 with Medical categories.
The primary purpose of this book and its companion volume The Neuropharmacology of Nicotine Dependence is to explore the ways in which recent studies on nicotine and its role in tobacco addiction have opened our eyes to the psychopharmacological properties of this unique and fascinating drug. While the present volume considers the molecular and genetic factors which influence behavioral responses to nicotine and how these may impact on the role of nicotine in tobacco dependence, the book The Neuropharmacology of Nicotine Dependence focuses on the complex neural and psychological mechanisms that mediate nicotine dependence in experimental animal models and their relationship to tobacco addiction in humans. These volumes will provide readers with a contemporary overview of current research on nicotine psychopharmacology and its role in tobacco dependence from leaders in this field of research and will hopefully prove valuable to those who are developing their own research programmes in this important topic.
Biological Research On Addiction
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Author : Wade Berrettini
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-05-17
Biological Research On Addiction written by Wade Berrettini and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-17 with Psychology categories.
Growing Up Tobacco Free
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1994-02-01
Growing Up Tobacco Free written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-02-01 with Medical categories.
Tobacco use kills more people than any other addiction and we know that addiction starts in childhood and youth. We all agree that youths should not smoke, but how can this be accomplished? What prevention messages will they find compelling? What effect does tobacco advertisingâ€"more than $10 million worth every dayâ€"have on youths? Can we responsibly and effectively restrict their access to tobacco products? These questions and more are addressed in Growing Up Tobacco Free, prepared by the Institute of Medicine to help everyone understand the troubling issues surrounding youths and tobacco use. Growing Up Tobacco Free provides a readable explanation of nicotine's effects and the process of addiction, and documents the search for an effective approach to preventing the use of cigarettes, chewing and spitting tobacco, and snuff by children and youths. It covers the results of recent initiatives to limit young people's access to tobacco and discusses approaches to controls or bans on tobacco sales, price sensitivity among adolescents, and arguments for and against taxation as a prevention strategy for tobacco use. The controversial area of tobacco advertising is thoroughly examined. With clear guidelines for public action, everyone can benefit by reading and acting on the messages in this comprehensive and compelling book.