The Bureaucrats Of Buenos Aires 1769 1810
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The Bureaucrats Of Buenos Aires 1769 1810
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Author : Susan Migden Socolow
language : en
Publisher: Duke University Press
Release Date : 1987
The Bureaucrats Of Buenos Aires 1769 1810 written by Susan Migden Socolow and has been published by Duke University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Business & Economics categories.
In this work Susan Socolow examines bureaucrats in early modern society by concentrating on those of Buenos Aires under the Bourbon reforms in the late colonial bureaucracy, Socolow studies the individuals who held positions in the colonial civil service—their recruitment, aspirations, job tenure, professional advancement, and economic position. The late eighteenth century was a critical time for the southernmost regions of Latin America, for in this period they became a separate political entity, the Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata. Socolow's work, part of a continuing study of the political, economic, and social elites of the emerging city of Buenos Aires, here considers the bureaucracy put into place by the Bourbon reforms. The author examines the professional and personal circumstances of all bureaucrats, from the high-ranking heads of agencies to the more lowly clerks, contrasting their expectations and their actual experiences. She pays particular attention to their recruitment, promotion, salary, and retirement, as well as their marriage and kinship relationships in the local society.
Indians And The Political Economy Of Colonial Central America 1670 1810
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Author : Robert W. Patch
language : en
Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
Release Date : 2013-10-28
Indians And The Political Economy Of Colonial Central America 1670 1810 written by Robert W. Patch and has been published by University of Oklahoma Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-28 with History categories.
The history of relations between the Spanish and the Indians of colonial Central America, often oversimplified as a story of unending Spanish abuse, forms a complicated tapestry of economics and politics. Robert W. Patch’s even-handed study of the repartimiento de mercancías—the commercial dealings between regional magistrates and the people under their jurisdiction—reveals the inner workings of colonialism in Central America. Indians were at the heart of the colonial economy. They made up the majority of the population, produced most of the goods, and performed most of the labor. The bureaucrats who ruled over them were badly paid, and to increase their income, they carried out illegal business activities with the Indians and sometimes even non-Indians. This book analyzes these commercial exchanges in colonial Central America within the context of a colonial regime dependent for income on taxes paid by Indians. Patch demonstrates that the magistrates frequently used repartimientos illegally to facilitate tax collection and then justified their actions by claiming that such commerce was necessary for the survival of colonialism. At the same time, the commerce contributed to the development of regional economies and the integration of the regions into the world economy. Patch’s case studies of highland Guatemala and Nicaragua reveal how the system worked at the regional and local levels. These studies manifest not only the profits to be made through repartimientos but also the problems faced by magistrates as they tried to be government officials and businessmen at the same time. The Spanish government eventually imposed reforms to make the colonial bureaucracy more honest by eliminating the repartimiento system. The reforms, however, also resulted in economic decline and political disaffection among the Hispanic population. Patch’s book, therefore, covers a crucial phase in the history of Central America as the region moved from colonialism to independence.
Bureaucrats Planters And Workers
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Author : Susan Deans-Smith
language : en
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Release Date : 2010-07-05
Bureaucrats Planters And Workers written by Susan Deans-Smith and has been published by University of Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-05 with Business & Economics categories.
Honorable Mention, Bolton Memorial Prize, Conference on Latin American History A government monopoly provides an excellent case study of state-society relationships. This is especially true of the tobacco monopoly in colonial Mexico, whose revenues in the later half of the eighteenth century were second only to the silver tithe as the most valuable source of government income. This comprehensive study of the tobacco monopoly illuminates many of the most important themes of eighteenth-century Mexican social and economic history, from issues of economic growth and the supply of agricultural credit to rural relations, labor markets, urban protest and urban workers, class formation, work discipline, and late colonial political culture. Drawing on exhaustive research of previously unused archival sources, Susan Deans-Smith examines a wide range of new questions. Who were the bureaucrats who managed this colonial state enterprise and what policies did they adopt to develop it? How profitable were the tobacco manufactories, and how rational was their organization? What impact did the reorganization of the tobacco trade have upon those people it affected most—the tobacco planters and tobacco workers? This research uncovers much that was not previously known about the Bourbon government's management of the tobacco monopoly and the problems and limitations it faced. Deans-Smith finds that there was as much continuity as change after the monopoly's establishment, and that the popular response was characterized by accommodation, as well as defiance and resistance. She argues that the problems experienced by the monopoly at the beginning of the nineteenth century did not originate from any simmering, entrenched opposition. Rather, an emphasis upon political stability and short-term profits prevented any innovative reforms that might have improved the monopoly's long-term performance and productivity. With detailed quantitative data and rare material on the urban working poor of colonial Mexico, Bureaucrats, Planters, and Workers will be important reading for all students of social, economic, and labor history, especially of Mexico and Latin America.
Workshop Of Revolution
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Author : Lyman L. Johnson
language : en
Publisher: Duke University Press
Release Date : 2011-05-05
Workshop Of Revolution written by Lyman L. Johnson and has been published by Duke University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-05 with History categories.
The plebeians of Buenos Aires were crucial to the success of the revolutionary junta of May 1810, widely considered the start of the Argentine war of independence. Workshop of Revolution is a historical account of the economic and political forces that propelled the artisans, free laborers, and slaves of Buenos Aires into the struggle for independence. Drawing on extensive archival research in Argentina and Spain, Lyman L. Johnson portrays the daily lives of Buenos Aires plebeians in unprecedented detail. In so doing, he demonstrates that the world of Spanish colonial plebeians can be recovered in reliable and illuminating ways. Johnson analyzes the demographic and social contexts of plebeian political formation and action, considering race, ethnicity, and urban population growth, as well as the realms of work and leisure. During the two decades prior to 1810, Buenos Aires came to be thoroughly integrated into Atlantic commerce. Increased flows of immigrants from Spain and slaves from Africa and Brazil led to a decline in real wages and the collapse of traditional guilds. Laborers and artisans joined militias that defended the city against British invasions in 1806 and 1807, and they defeated a Spanish loyalist coup attempt in 1809. A gravely weakened Spanish colonial administration and a militarized urban population led inexorably to the events of 1810 and a political transformation of unforeseen scale and consequence.
Crime And The Administration Of Justice In Buenos Aires 1785 1853
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: U of Nebraska Press
Release Date : 2006-01-01
Crime And The Administration Of Justice In Buenos Aires 1785 1853 written by and has been published by U of Nebraska Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-01 with History categories.
Crime and the Administration of Justice in Buenos Aires, 1785-1853, analyzes the emergence of the criminal justice system in modern Argentina, focusing on the city of Buenos Aires as a case study. It concentrates on the formative period of the postcolonial penal system, from the installation of the second Audiencia (the superior justice tribunal in the viceroyalty of Río de la Plata) in 1785 to the promulgation of the Argentine national constitution in 1853, when a new phase of interregional organization and codification began. Through analysis of criminal cases, Barreneche shows how different interpretations of liberalism, the changing roles of the new police and the military, and the institutionalization of education all contributed to the debate on penal reform during Argentina's transition from colony to state. Only through understanding the historical development of legal and criminal procedures can contemporary social scientists come to grips with the struggle between democracy and authoritarianism in modern Argentina.
Latin American Bureaucracy And The State Building Process 1780 1860
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Author : Juan Carlos Garavaglia
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2013-07-26
Latin American Bureaucracy And The State Building Process 1780 1860 written by Juan Carlos Garavaglia and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-26 with History categories.
The process of construction of national states had a decisive moment during the period of revolutions that spanned from the end of the eighteenth century until the mid-nineteenth century. Even if it was a generalized process throughout the Western world, the majority of social scientists that have analyzed it have based their theoretical models on the European and North American experiences. This volume pays particular attention to the historical experience of Latin America and accounts for its distinctive regional and national characteristics through the analysis of cases. It also evokes the existence of certain features of the process that historiography has not sufficiently taken into consideration until now. This book provides the first detailed perspective of the formation of the State’s bureaucracies in Latin America, a long and complex process shaped by the political, economic, social, and cultural conditions of different countries in the continent. These bureaucracies absorbed and institutionalized the pre-existing configurations of power while simultaneously transforming them. The essays included in this book offer an innovative vantage point for the analysis of issues that continue to be crucial in present-day Latin America, such as those that involve the relations between the State and society.
War Empire And Slavery 1770 1830
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Author : R. Bessel
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2010-09-08
War Empire And Slavery 1770 1830 written by R. Bessel and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-08 with History categories.
The imperial warfare of the period 1770-1830, including the American wars of independence and the Napoleonic wars, affected every continent. Covering southern India, the Caribbean, North and South America, and southern Africa, this volume explores the impact of revolutionary wars and how people's identities were shaped by their experiences.
Madness In Buenos Aires
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Author : Jonathan Ablard
language : en
Publisher: University of Calgary Press
Release Date : 2008
Madness In Buenos Aires written by Jonathan Ablard and has been published by University of Calgary Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Argentina categories.
Madness in Buenos Aires: Patients, Psychiatrists and the Argentine State, 1880-1983 examines the interactions between psychiatrists, patients, and their families, and the national state in modern Argentina. This book offers a fresh interpretation of the Argentine state's relationship to modernity and social change during the twentieth century, while also examining the often contentious place of psychiatry in modern Argentina. Drawing on a number of previously untapped archival sources, Jonathan Ablard uses the experience of psychiatric patients as a case study of how the Argentine state developed and functioned over the last century and of how Argentines interacted with it. Ablard argues that the capacity of the Argentine state to provide social services and professional opportunities and to control the populace was often constrained to an extent not previously recognized in the scholarly literature. These limitations, including a shortage of hospitals, insufficient budgets, and political and economic instability, shaped the experiences of patients, their families, and doctors and also influenced medical and lay ideas about the nature and significance of mental illness. Furthermore, these experiences, and the institutional framework in which they were imbedded, had a profound impact on how Argentine psychiatrists discussed, not only mental illness, but also a host of related themes, including immigration, poverty, and the role of the state in mitigating social problems. Copublished with Ohio University Press
Historical Dictionary Of Argentina
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Author : Bernardo A. Duggan
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2019-04-15
Historical Dictionary Of Argentina written by Bernardo A. Duggan and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-15 with History categories.
Argentina celebrated a century of independence from Spain in 1910, and the republic was the tenth most important trading nation in the global economy. Although it had the promise of growth and industrial development at the time, crises, mismanagement, and unrealized potential associated with authoritarianism, populism, and military coups (culminating in thousands of “disappearances” over a period of unparalleled state terror) prevented that from happening. By 2001, Argentina announced that it would not service its foreign debt, triggering the largest default in world financial history. Since then, the country has sought to recapture the potential and promise of the past, and its place in the world while escaping from what appeared to be an interminable cycle of expansion, crises, conflict, and institutional collapse. Historical Dictionary of Argentina contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, an extensive bibliography, and more than 800 cross-referenced entries on the country’s important personalities and aspects of its politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Argentina.
The Landowners Of The Argentine Pampas
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Author : Roy Hora
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 2001-01-04
The Landowners Of The Argentine Pampas written by Roy Hora and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-01-04 with History categories.
This is a social and political history of the Argentine landowners, for many decades Latin America's most affluent propertied class. Roy Hora develops a historically based view of how socio-economic and political change affected the landowners and was in turn affected by them between the 1860s and 1940s. He questions the excessively static picture of the landowners of the pampas, which unquestioningly accepts the image of power, lineage, and permanence given by both panegyrists and critics of the estancieros. Dr Hora challenges the view of a powerful, reactionary landed class, dominating the country's history from colonial times to the rise of Peronism in the 1940s. But he also challenges revisionist interpretations which seek to de-emphasize the central role played by the landowning class in the evolution of modern Argentina.